中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (23): 3640-3646.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0232

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

经伤椎椎弓根钉内固定与跨伤椎内固定联合经皮椎体成形治疗胸腰段椎体骨折的比较

张财义1,左才红1,陶忠亮1,张 庆1,王绍刚1,汪 胜1,戴涟生2   

  1. 1宣城市人民医院,安徽省宣城市 242000;2无锡市第三人民医院,江苏省无锡市  214000
  • 出版日期:2018-08-18 发布日期:2018-08-18
  • 作者简介:张财义,男,1972年生,汉族,2005年安徽中医药大学毕业,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

     国家自然科学基金(81240011)

Comparison of strengthened transvertebral pedicle screw internal fixation and internal fixation plus percutaneous vertebroplasty in the treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures

Zhang Cai-yi1, Zuo Cai-hong1, Tao Zhong-liang1, Zhang Qing1, Wang Shao-gang1, Wang Sheng1, Dai Lian-sheng2   

  1. 1The People’s Hospital of Xuancheng City, Xuancheng 242000, Anhui Province, China; 2Wuxi Third People’s Hospital, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Online:2018-08-18 Published:2018-08-18
  • About author:Zhang Cai-yi, Master, Associate chief physician, The People’s Hospital of Xuancheng City, Xuancheng 242000, Anhui Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81240011

摘要:

文章快速阅读:



 
文题释义:
经伤椎椎弓根钉内固定:是指在传统椎弓根螺钉内固定基础上,通过在伤椎建立支点并打入椎弓根钉治疗胸腰段椎体骨折的强化内固定微创脊柱外科手术,伤椎置钉以后,形成了三维支撑结构,有效地缩短了力矩,增加了生物力学强度,可有效避免传统椎弓根钉内固定术“平行四边形效应”与“悬挂效应”,增强了内固定的稳定性与复位效果;适用于AO分型的A型单椎体骨折且至少单侧伤椎椎体下半部及下终板无爆裂。Denis分型的单节段爆裂骨折,退行性腰椎间盘突出伴节段腰椎不稳者,禁忌证为多发椎体骨折、邻近的椎弓根骨折及严重骨质疏松患者。
经皮椎体成形术:是指经皮通过椎弓根或椎弓根外向椎体内注入骨水泥以达到增加椎体强度和稳定性,防止塌陷,缓解疼痛,甚至部分恢复椎体高度为目的一种微创脊椎外科手术。适用于经药物治疗无效的骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折、与骨坏死相关的疼痛性椎体骨折、不稳定的压缩性骨折、慢性创伤性骨折伴有骨折不愈合或内部囊肿改变、无神经症状的急性创伤性骨折。禁忌证为目标椎体有骨髓炎患者、对骨水泥过敏者、骨折引起的严重椎体塌陷或椎管压迫、3个及以上椎体骨折。
 
摘要
背景:4钉2棒内固定联合经皮椎体成形与经伤椎5钉或6钉强化内固定是治疗胸腰段椎体爆裂性或压缩骨折的常用修复方案。
目的:比较经伤椎椎弓根钉加强内固定与跨伤椎内固定联合经皮椎体成形治疗胸腰段单节段椎体骨折的疗效,优化手术方案。
方法:纳入2013年7月至2015年12月收治的76例胸腰段单节段椎体骨折患者,根据内固定方式分为2组,A组39例患者予经皮伤椎椎弓根钉加强内固定治疗,B组37例予跨伤椎经皮椎弓根钉内固定联合经皮椎体成形治疗。比较2组手术相关指标、治疗前后椎体前缘高度变化、后凸矫正程度、疼痛改善情况及术后并发症发生情况。
结果与结论:①所有患者顺利实施手术,2组术中出血量、术后开始下床活动时间及住院时间差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05),A组手术时间显著长于B组(P < 0.05);②2组患者术后椎体高度、脊柱生理弯曲、疼痛程度均不同程度恢复或减轻,自术后3个月始,伤椎椎体高度无明显丢失;2组术后7 d、1个月、3个月、12个月伤椎高度压缩率、高度恢复率、椎体后凸角、后凸矫正率、目测类比评分差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③B组术后有2例(5%)出现骨水泥外漏,但均未漏入椎管;随访期间2组均未出现内固定失效及神经损伤病例;B组术后有1例(3%)发生邻近椎体骨折,A组未出现临近椎体骨折病例;④提示经伤椎椎弓根钉加强内固定与跨伤椎内固定联合经皮椎体成形治疗胸腰段椎体骨折疗效相当;经伤椎椎弓根钉加强内固定不存在骨水泥外漏风险,对邻椎影响较小。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-0176-3440(张财义)

关键词: 椎体骨折, 经伤椎椎弓根钉加强内固定, 经皮穿刺椎体成形术, 椎体塌陷, 骨水泥外漏, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Four screws plus two bars internal fixation combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty and strengthened pedicle screw internal fixation (five or six screws) are commonly surgical procedures for thoracolumbar burst or compression fractures.

OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical efficacy between strengthened transvertebral pedicle screw internal fixation and internal fixation plus percutaneous vertebroplasty in treatment of single thoracolumbar vertebral fractures, and to optimize operation scheme.
METHODS: Totally 76 patients with thoracolumbar vertebral fracture treated from July 2013 to December 2015 were respectively studied, who were divided into A (39 cases) and B (37 cases) groups according to different surgeries. Group A received strengthened transvertebral pedicle screw internal fixation scheme; group B received conventional internal fixation plus percutaneous vertebroplasty scheme. Operation indexes, variations on anterior and posterior vertebral height, kyphosis correction, pain degree and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients were operated successfully. Intraoperative blood loss, time of out-of-bed activity postoperatively and hospital stay were significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). Operation time was significantly longer in the group A than in group B (P < 0.05). (2) Postoperative vertebral height, spinal curvature and pain degree were reduced to different degrees in both groups. Since 3 months after operation, no obvious vertebral height loss appeared in both groups. At postoperative 7 days, 1, 3 and 12 months, vertebral height compression rate, height recovery rate, posterior convex angle, kyphosis correction rate and Visual Analogue Scale were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). (3) Bone cement leakage occurred in two cases (5%) in group B, but it did not leak into spinal canal. During follow-up, there were no internal fixation failure or nerve injury cases in both groups. In group B, one case (3%) developed adjacent vertebral fracture. There was no adjacent vertebral fracture in group A. (4) These findings confirmed that strengthened transvertebral pedicle screw internal fixation and conventional internal fixation plus percutaneous vertebroplasty had similar efficacies in treatment of thoracolumbar single vertebral fracture, and the former had no risk of bone cement leakage and had less influence on adjacent vertebra.


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Spinal Fractures, Kyphoplasty, Internal Fixators, Tissue Engineering

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