中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 438-445.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2418

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

长节段与短节段内固定治疗退变性脊柱侧弯疗效与并发症的Meta分析

孙  健1,方  超1,高  飞2,魏来福2,钱  军1,2   

  1. 1安徽医科大学第二附属医院,安徽省合肥市  230601;2安徽医科大学第一附属医院,安徽省合肥市  230022
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-10 修回日期:2019-04-19 接受日期:2019-06-12 出版日期:2020-01-28 发布日期:2019-12-27
  • 通讯作者: 钱军,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,安徽医科大学第二附属医院,安徽省合肥市 230601;安徽医科大学第一附属医院,安徽省合肥市 230022
  • 作者简介:孙健,男,1994年生,安徽省桐城市人,汉族,安徽医科大学在读硕士,主要从事脊柱外科方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81471273)

Clinical efficacy and complications of short versus long segments of internal fixation for the treatment of degenerative scoliosis: a meta-analysis

Sun Jian1, Fang Chao1, Gao Fei2, Wei Laifu2, Qian Jun1, 2   

  1. 1Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China; 2First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2019-04-10 Revised:2019-04-19 Accepted:2019-06-12 Online:2020-01-28 Published:2019-12-27
  • Contact: Qian Jun, MD, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China; First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Sun Jian, Master candidate, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81471273

摘要:

文题释义:
退变性脊柱侧弯:是一类常见的脊柱退行性疾病,随着人口老龄化的进程,患病人数不断增加,其临床症状包括腰腿痛、间歇性跛行、躯干失衡等,明显影响患者的生活质量,多数患者需接受手术治疗。
退变性脊柱侧弯内固定:退变性脊柱侧弯患者行手术治疗的常见术式为减压联合椎弓根螺钉内固定矫形融合,以牺牲部分活动度的代价改善脊柱的序列,重建平衡,内固定手术的方案选择对于患者的疗效和预后至关重要。

背景:目前治疗退变性脊柱侧弯的手术方式包括单纯减压和减压联合内固定融合,但对于术中固定融合节段的选择仍存在争议,缺乏统一标准,需要更多更可靠的循证医学证据提供参考。

目的:运用Meta分析的方法评价长节段与短节段内固定治疗退变性脊柱侧弯的疗效和并发症情况。

方法:通过计算机检索2019年2月之前在中国知网、万方、维普中文数据库、CBM、Embase、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane图书馆中所有公开发表的,国内外有关长节段与短节段内固定融合治疗退变性脊柱侧弯的随机对照试验及非随机对照试验,并通过手工检索相关会议论文及领域内权威期刊。最终由2位评价员按照Cochrane手册和NOS量表进行文献质量评价后,应用RevMan 5.3软件对最终符合纳入标准的研究数据进行统计分析。

结果与结论:①最终共纳入20篇文献,包括1 329例患者,其中长节段组601例,短节段组728例;②Meta分析结果显示,长节段内固定在改善冠状面Cobb角(P=0.000 4)、冠状面平衡(P=0.000 2)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(P=0.003)和目测类比评分(P < 0.000 01)方面更具有优势,但短节段固定的断钉、断棒、内固定松动(P=0.01)和硬脊膜撕裂(P=0.01)等并发症的发生率更低,创伤小,术后住院时间更短(P < 0.000 1);③其他疗效指标与并发症分析2组差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④提示长节段内固定在脊柱侧凸的矫形效果上优于短节段内固定,但恢复较慢,术后部分并发症的发生率较高,在选择具体手术方案时应综合考虑。

ORCID: 0000-0002-7579-3856(孙健)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 退变性脊柱侧弯, 内固定, 短节段, 长节段, Cobb角, 冠状面平衡, Meta分析, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Currently, surgical methods for the treatment of degenerative scoliosis include simple decompression and decompression combined with internal fixation. However, there is still controversy over the choice of fixation and fusion segment in surgery, which requires more reliable evidence-based medical evidence for reference.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and complication of short versus long segments of internal fixation for the treatment of degenerative scoliosis using meta-analysis.

METHODS: CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP, CBM, EMBase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched to collect the randomized and non-randomized controlled studies which compared long fusion with short fusion in the treatment of degenerative scoliosis from inception to February 2019. Relevant conference papers and authoritative journals in the field were retrieved manually. The quality of the included studies was assessed by two evaluation members according to the Cochrane collaboration network standard or the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The included studies were analyzed by using RevMan 5.3 software.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 20 articles were included, involving a sample of 1 329 individuals. Long segment group consisted of 601 cases, and short segment group consisted of 728 cases. (2) The meta-analysis results showed that long-segment internal fixation surgery had better improvement of coronal Cobb angle (P=0.000 4), coronal balance (P=0.000 2), Oswestry disability index (P=0.003) and visual analogue scale score (P < 0.000 01). However, the incidence of implant failure (P=0.01) and dural tear (P=0.01) in short segment group was lower than that in long segment group. The short segment group had small trauma and shorter hospital stays after surgery (P < 0.000 1). (3) There was no statistical difference in other therapeutic indicators and complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). (4) These findings verify that long-segment internal fixation is superior to short-segment internal fixation in the correction of scoliosis, but the recovery is slow and the incidence of some complications after operation is high. It should be considered comprehensively when selecting specific surgical procedures.

Key words: degenerative scoliosis, internal fixation, short segment, long segment, Cobb angle, coronal balance, meta-analysis, the National Natural Science Foundation of China

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