中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 446-452.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2423

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

透视引导与机器人辅助椎弓根置钉效果的荟萃分析

高阳阳1,车先达1,韩鹏飞1,2,梁  斌3,李鹏翠4   

  1. 1山西医科大学第二临床医学院,山西省太原市  030001;2长治市第二人民医院,山西省长治市  046000;3山西省汾阳医院,山西省吕梁市  033000;4山西医科大学第二医院骨与软组织损伤修复重点实验室,山西省太原市  030001
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-01 修回日期:2019-04-17 接受日期:2019-06-12 出版日期:2020-01-28 发布日期:2019-12-27
  • 通讯作者: 李鹏翠,博士,副主任技师,山西医科大学第二医院骨与软组织损伤修复重点实验室,山西省太原市 030001
  • 作者简介:高阳阳,男,1993年生,山西省阳城县人,汉族,2016年山西医科大学毕业,主要从事骨与软组织损伤修复方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年基金(81601949);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2016-118)

Accuracy of robot-assisted and fluoroscopy-guided pedicle screw placement: a meta-analysis

Gao Yangyang1, Che Xianda1, Han Pengfei1, 2, Liang Bin3, Li Pengcui4   

  1. 1Second Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China; 2Second Hospital of Changzhi, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China; 3Shanxi Fenyang Hospital, Lüliang 033000, Shanxi Province, China; 4Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2019-04-01 Revised:2019-04-17 Accepted:2019-06-12 Online:2020-01-28 Published:2019-12-27
  • Contact: Li Pengcui, MD, Associate chief physician, Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Gao Yangyang, Second Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Youth Foundation), No. 81601949; the Scientific Research Subsidy Project for Returned Overseas Students in Shanxi Province, No. 2016-118

摘要:

文题释义:
透视引导:在椎弓根置钉时,患者需要在手术前拍摄椎体左、右侧斜位,正、侧位平片及CT、MRI 等影像学检查去了解椎弓根的形态及其与神经结构和椎动脉的关系,进一步确定椎体是否有解剖变异,用以上透视检查方法来预测椎弓根螺钉的长度和直径、螺钉的置入点及角度。
椎弓根置钉:椎弓根剖面呈椭圆形,周围是皮质骨,中心有少许骨松质,后部几乎全是皮质骨,所以椎弓根是脊椎中最为坚硬的部分,是对脊柱进行操作和制动的有效作用点,椎弓根置钉是通过椎弓根将螺钉拧入椎体,让脊柱达到较好的三维固定。在椎弓根置钉时,椎弓根螺钉的长度和直径,螺钉的置入点及角度的选择非常重要。

背景:传统透视引导椎弓根螺钉内固定螺钉置入准确度不高,容易导致严重的手术并发症。为了降低手术并发症及提高手术成功率,机器人辅助技术应运而生。

目的:通过Meta分析比较机器人辅助与透视引导椎弓根置钉效果的差异。

方法:检索包括2008年12月至2018年12月在国内外发表的有关机器人辅助与透视引导成人椎弓根置钉的临床对照研究,数据库包括Embase、PubMed、Central、中国知网、维普、万方、CBM等数据库,中文关键词为“机器人辅助,透视引导,传统徒手,椎弓根螺钉”,英文关键词为“robot assisted,fluoroscopy guided,conventional,freehand,pedicle screw”。提取数据后,采用Review Manager 5.3 软件进行数据分析。

结果与结论:①依据以上检索策略,共检索到1 615篇相关文献,并最终将13篇文献纳入;②通过对结果的统计分析发现,机器人辅助组的置钉精准度优于透视引导组[95%CI(1.55,4.06),P=0.000 2],而透视引导组术中辐射强度少于机器人辅助组[95%CI(0.42,0.82),P < 0.001],两者差异均有显著性意义;③但是机器人辅助组的并发症发生例数[95%CI(0.23,4.65),P=0.96]及翻修例数[95%CI(0.03,3.17),P=0.33]与透视引导组比较,其差异无显著性意义;术中透视时间2组相当[95%CI(-38.55,78.26),P=0.51];2组术后发生背部疼痛[95%CI(-0.58,0.38),P=0.68]、腿部疼痛评分[95%CI(-0.20,0.19),P=0.94]及手术时间[95%CI(-6.33,53.02),P=0.12]也相当,其差异均无显著性意义;④提示与透视引导相比,机器人辅助成人椎弓根螺钉置入时具有更高的置钉精准度,尤其是在经皮条件下;不可避免的其术中辐射强度也较传统透视更多。

ORCID: 0000-0001-9375-8838(高阳阳)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 机器人辅助, 透视引导, 椎弓根螺钉, 置钉, 辐射, 翻修, Meta分析, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Traditional fluoroscopy-guided pedicle screw fixation is not highly accurate and can lead to serious surgical complications. To reduce surgical complications and improve the success rate of surgery, robotic assistive technology emerges as the times require.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the difference of robot-assisted and fluoroscopy-guided pedicle screw placement using meta-analysis. 

METHODS: The study included clinical controlled trials on robot-assisted and fluoroscopy-guided pedicle screw placement published in and outside China from December 2008 to December 2018. The retrieval was performed in the online databases include Embase, PubMed, Central, CNKI, CQVIP, Wanfang, and CBM. Keywords used for search were robot assisted, fluoroscopy guided, conventional, freehand, pedicle screw in English and Chinese. After the data were extracted, statistical software Review Manager 5.3 was used for data-analysis.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Based on the above search strategy, 1 615 studies were retrieved, and 13 were included. (2) Statistical analysis found that placement accuracy in the robot-assisted group was better than that of the fluoroscopy group [95%CI(1.55, 4.06), P=0.000 2]. Radiation intensity in the fluoroscopy group was lower than that in the robot-assisted group [95%CI(0.42, 0.82), P < 0.001], and the difference was statistically significant. (3) However, the incidence of complications [95%CI(0.23, 4.65), P=0.96] and revised surgery [95%CI(0.03, 3.17), P=0.33] were not statistically significant between the robot-assisted group and the fluoroscopy group. Intraoperative fluoroscopy time was similar between the two groups [95%CI(-38.55, 78.26), P=0.51]. Postoperative back pain [95%CI(-0.58, 0.38), P=0.68], leg pain score [95%CI(-0.20, 0.19), P=0.94] and operation time [95%CI(-6.33, 53.02), P=0.12] were also similar between the two groups, and the differences were not statistically significant. (4) Compared with fluoroscopy, robot-assisted technique has higher pedicle screw placement accuracy, especially under percutaneous conditions. Inevitably, the intraoperative radiation intensity is also more than conventional fluoroscopy.

Key words: robot-assisted, fluoroscopy-guided, pedicle screw, screw placement, radiation, renovation, meta-analysis, National Natural Science Foundation of China

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