中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (11): 1641-1646.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0156

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis •    下一篇

泪滴下缘在全髋关节置换重建髋臼解剖中心高度中的作用

路玉峰1,郭万首2,孙 伟2,刘 林1,许 鹏1   

  1. 1西安交通大学医学院附属红会医院关节病医院骨坏死与关节重建病区,陕西省西安市   7100542中日友好医院骨关节外科,北京市   100029
  • 出版日期:2018-04-18 发布日期:2018-04-18
  • 通讯作者: 许鹏,西安交通大学医学院附属红会医院关节病医院骨坏死与关节重建病区,陕西省西安市 710054
  • 作者简介:路玉峰,男,1977年生,安徽省亳州市人,汉族,2015年北京协和医学院毕业,博士,主治医师,主要从事关节外科方面的研究。

Application of lower edge of teardrop on restoring anatomical hip center height in total hip arthroplasty  

Lu Yu-feng1, Guo Wan-shou2, Sun Wei2, Liu Lin1, Xu Peng1   

  1. 1Osteonecrosis and Joint Reconstruction Surgery Ward of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China; 2Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
  • Online:2018-04-18 Published:2018-04-18
  • Contact: Xu Peng, Osteonecrosis and Joint Reconstruction Surgery Ward of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
  • About author:Lu Yu-feng, M.D., Attending physician, Osteonecrosis and Joint Reconstruction Surgery Ward of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China

摘要:

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文题释义:
髋臼泪滴下缘:近些年来大部分作者使用髋臼泪滴下缘作为参考点,用相对于泪滴下缘的垂直距离和水平距离来标记正常髋关节生理性旋转中心。由于泪滴下缘在术中易于发现,因此除此之外的参考方法的意义均局限于术前模板和术后的测量,而对术中放置髋臼假体没有任何意义。实际上,尽管大多数行全髋关节置换的髋臼变形,但其X射线泪滴结构可见,泪滴下缘术中易于发现,作为安放臼杯参考简单易行。研究指出,泪滴作为X射线结构,其实际上是髋臼马蹄窝的前下部分,大部分由坐骨构成,小部分由耻骨上支组成。泪滴的下缘实际上是闭孔的上缘,也指髋臼切迹,上界为马蹄窝的上界,泪滴的内侧支闭孔管的外界,外侧支则是髋臼马蹄窝的内壁。
高位髋关节中心:全髋关节置换高位髋关节中心降低了髋关节外展肌的力臂,增加了在步态循环中平衡骨盆的髋关节外展肌肌力。高位髋关节中心导致了软组织失衡,髋关节应力过高,以及假体的高磨损率和杯-骨界面的高应力,是导致假体无菌松动重要因素。此外,高位髋关节中心也是髋关节置换术后双下肢不等长的因素之一。
 
摘要
背景:全髋关节置换中髋臼假体的位置十分重要,其理想位置是恢复其解剖性旋转中心,泪滴下缘作为一个重要的稳定的影像学标记,对臼杯位置的影像学评估以及指导术中假体正确安放具有重要的意义。
目的:探讨泪滴下缘在恢复解剖髋关节旋转中心高度的作用。
方法:选择107例对侧髋关节正常的单侧全髋关节置换患者的病历资料和术后双侧髋关节正位片,臼杯下缘与泪滴下缘平齐,测量臼杯旋转中心及对侧正常髋臼旋转中心的高度、水平距离,以及臼杯外展角和前倾角,使用配对样本t 检验检测臼杯中心高度与对侧正常髋臼中心高度有无差异。使用散点图及Pearson相关系数评估两者高度差与外展角、前倾角的关系。
结果与结论:①臼杯中心高度显著高于对侧正常髋臼中心的高度(P < 0.001),其中100例(93.4%)两者的差距为0-5 mm,7例(6.6%)大于5 mm;②但当臼杯下缘较泪滴下缘下移1.5-2.0 mm时,与对侧差异无显著性意义(P =0.345,0.331);③臼杯中心高度与对侧正常髋臼中心的高度之差与臼杯的外展角和前倾角相关性可(r=0.376,0.310,P< 0.001);④提示在全髋关节置换重建髋臼时,臼杯下缘低于泪滴下缘1.5-2.0 mm时,能精确地复制生理性髋关节旋转中心高度。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-6090-6184(路玉峰)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 全髋关节置换, 泪滴, 髋关节中心高度, 外展角, 前倾角

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The position of acetabular prosthesis is very important in total hip arthroplasty; its ideal position is to restore its anatomical hip center of rotation. As the inferior edge of the teardrop is an important stable imaging marker, it is of great significance to evaluate the position of acetabular cup and guide the correct intraoperative placement of prosthesis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the lower edge of the teardrop on restoring anatomical hip center height in total hip arthroplasty.
METHODS: Medical records and anteroposterior images of 107 unilateral total hip arthroplasty with normal contralateral acetabulum and lower edge of cup at the same level as lower edge of the teardrop were reviewed. Center height and horizontal distance as well as cup inclination and anteversion were measured radiographically. The paired t test was used to compare data between left and right sides of hip center height. Scatterplots and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the association between the difference of the height of two hip centers, cup anteversion and inclination angle.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The height of cup center was significantly higher than that of contralateral hip joint center (P < 0.001). Whereas 93.4% (100 cases) of absolute differences between them were in the range from 0 mm to 5 mm, only 6.6% (7 cases) were more than 5 mm. (2) However, when the lower edge of cup was 1.5-2.0 mm inferior to the lower edge of the teardrop, there was no statistical differences between them (P=0.345 and 0.331). (3) There was a weak correlation between the difference of the height of two hip centers with inclination and anteversion (r=0.376, 0.310, P < 0.001). (4) The position of cup with its inferior edge 1.5-2.0 mm below the inferior edge of the teardrop can exactly replicate the anatomic hip center.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Acetabulum, Anatomy, Tissue Engineering

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