中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (36): 5799-5804.doi: 10.12307/2024.664

• 数字化骨科Digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

老年女性骨质疏松性骨折相邻椎体再骨折的影响因素及列线图预测模型构建

王晓鹏,钟  容,钟  燕,林  峰,叶书熙   

  1. 赣州市人民医院,江西省赣州市   341000
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-25 接受日期:2023-08-07 出版日期:2024-12-28 发布日期:2024-02-27
  • 通讯作者: 叶书熙,硕士,主治医师,赣州市人民医院,江西省赣州市 341000
  • 作者简介:王晓鹏,女,1986年生,河北省石家庄市人,汉族,硕士,主治医师,主要从事临床医学方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    赣州市科技计划项目(编号:2022-YB1475),项目负责人:王晓鹏

Influencing factors of adjacent vertebral refracture in elderly female patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture and construction of a prediction model based on Nomogram

Wang Xiaopeng, Zhong Rong, Zhong Yan, Lin Feng, Ye Shuxi   

  1. Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Received:2023-06-25 Accepted:2023-08-07 Online:2024-12-28 Published:2024-02-27
  • Contact: Ye Shuxi, Master, Attending physician, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
  • About author:Wang Xiaopeng, Master, Attending physician, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Ganzhou Science and Technology Plan Project, No. 2022-YB1475 (to WXP)

摘要:


文题释义:

骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折:是由骨质疏松症造成骨组织的骨密度和骨强度降低、骨脆性增加,当遭受轻微暴力或活动即发生骨折,多发生于椎体压缩性骨折,常见于老年女性,临床表现为脊柱后凸、活动限制、持续性疼痛等,严重影响患者生活质量。
列线图预测模型:根据多因素回归分析结果构建列线图预测模型,纳入模型的各个影响因素对结果变量的贡献程度进行量化并赋值,最后将各评分的值相加得到最终分值,可视化最终分值对应个体结局事件的概率。列线图预测模型具有可视化、可读性等特点,可以快速预测不良事件发生的风险,为评估患者病情发展提供了参考依据。


背景:有关老年女性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者相邻椎体再骨折的研究较多,但其相关危险因素仍在争论中,如何将其风险直观地呈现以便于临床应用的研究较少。

目的:分析影响老年女性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者相邻椎体再骨折的危险因素并构建列线图(Nomogram)预测模型。
方法:选择2018年1月至2022年11月赣州市人民医院收治的268例老年女性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者,经皮穿刺椎体成形术后3个月根据是否发生相邻椎体再骨折分为研究组(发生相邻椎体再骨折,n=31)和对照组(未发生相邻椎体再骨折,n=237)。比较两组患者一般临床资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响老年女性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者相邻椎体再骨折的独立风险因素,利用R软件“rms”包构建Nomogram预测模型。

结果与结论:①两组患者的年龄、绝经年龄、体质量指数、骨折病史、术前骨折椎体数、骨水泥渗漏、骨密度、术后后凸畸形角度、术前Oswestry功能障碍指数比较差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05);②多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄(> 69岁 )、绝经年龄(≤51岁)、体质量指数(> 24.7 kg/m2)、骨折病史(有)、术前骨折椎体数(≥2)、术后后凸畸形角度(> 13°)是影响老年女性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者相邻椎体再骨折的独立危险因素(P < 0.05);③Nomogram预测模型决策曲线结果显示,当风险阈值> 0.09时,此预测模型可以提供显著额外的临床净收益;④结果表明,年龄较大、绝经年龄较低、体质量指数较高、有骨折病史、术前骨折椎体数较多、术后后凸畸形角度较大是老年女性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者相邻椎体再骨折的独立影响因素,基于此构建的Nomogram预测模型可为此类患者相邻椎体再骨折的防治提供重要的策略指导。

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2141-3360 (王晓鹏) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨质疏松, 椎体压缩性骨折, 女性, 相邻椎体再骨折, 影响因素, 列线图

Abstract: BACKGROUND: There have been many studies on adjacent vertebral fractures in elderly female patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, but their related risk factors are still in debate. There are also few studies on how to intuitively present their risks for clinical application. 
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the risk factors of adjacent vertebral refracture in senile women with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture and construct a Nomogram prediction model.
METHODS: A total of 268 elderly female patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture who came to Ganzhou People’s Hospital for treatment from January 2018 to November 2022 were selected and divided into study group (adjacent vertebral refracture, n=31) and control group (no adjacent vertebral refracture, n=237) according to whether adjacent vertebral refracture occurred 3 months after percutaneous vertebroplasty. General clinical data were compared between the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the independent risk factors of adjacent vertebral refracture in elderly women with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. A Nomogram prediction model was constructed by R software “rms” package. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were statistically significant differences in age, menopause age, body mass index, fracture history, number of fractured vertebra before surgery, bone cement leakage, bone density, postoperative kyphotic deformity angle, and preoperative Oswestry disability index between the two groups (P < 0.05). (2) Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that age (> 69 years old), menopause age (≤ 51 years old), body mass index (> 24.7 kg/m2), fracture history (presence), number of fractured vertebra before surgery (≥ 2), and postoperative kyphotic deformity angle (> 13°) were independent risk factors for adjacent vertebral refracture in elderly female osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture patients (P < 0.05). (3) Nomogram prediction model decision curve results displayed that when the risk threshold was > 0.09, this prediction model provided significant additional clinical net benefit. (4) These findings indicate that older age, lower menopause age, higher body mass index, history of fracture, more vertebra fractures before surgery, and larger kyphosis angle after surgery are independent factors for adjacent vertebral refracture in elderly women with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. This Nomogram prediction model will provide important strategic guidance for the prevention and treatment of adjacent vertebral refracture in elderly women with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.

Key words: osteoporosis, osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture, female, adjacent vertebral refracture, influencing factor, nomogram

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