中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (27): 4397-4404.doi: 10.12307/2024.546

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

线粒体自噬相关受体蛋白和信号通路在运动防治肌少症中的作用

郭  辉,孔健达,田春兰   

  1. 曲阜师范大学体育科学学院,山东省济宁市  272000
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-07 接受日期:2023-11-06 出版日期:2024-09-28 发布日期:2024-01-29
  • 通讯作者: 田春兰,硕士,教授,硕士生导师,曲阜师范大学体育科学学院,山东省济宁市 272000
  • 作者简介:郭辉,男,1997年生,山东省人,汉族,曲阜师范大学体育科学学院在读硕士,主要从事运动训练及其生理生化机制研究。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省社会科学规划研究项目一般项目(17CTYJ10),项目负责人:田春兰

The role of mitochondrial autophagy-related receptor proteins and signaling pathways in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia through exercise

Guo Hui, Kong Jianda, Tian Chunlan   

  1. School of Sports Science, Qufu Normal University, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2023-10-07 Accepted:2023-11-06 Online:2024-09-28 Published:2024-01-29
  • Contact: Tian Chunlan, Master, Professor, Master’s supervisor, School of Sports Science, Qufu Normal University, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Guo Hui, Master candidate, School of Sports Science, Qufu Normal University, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Shandong Social Science Planning Research Project (General Project), No. 17CTYJ10 (to TCL)

摘要:


文题释义:

线粒体自噬:是一种特殊形式的自噬过程,指的是细胞通过将旧或损坏的线粒体包裹在自噬泡中,然后将其降解和回收的过程。
肌少症:是一种随着年龄增长而出现的健康问题,其特征为骨骼肌组织量和功能的逐渐减少,可能导致肌肉无力、脆弱骨折和身体功能下降,其可能由多种因素引起,包括年龄相关的代谢变化、慢性疾病、营养不良和缺乏运动等。


背景:肌少症是一种衰老相关的退行性综合征,线粒体自噬和运动防治肌少症已被证明密切相关,但尚缺乏详细介绍其中具体的受体蛋白和信号通路在运动防治肌少症中作用的综述。

目的:综述详细介绍线粒体自噬相关具体的受体蛋白和信号通路在运动防治肌少症中的作用。
方法:在2023-02-01/04-01之间进行了文献检索,检索文献时限从各数据库建库至2023年4月,数据库包括Web of Science、PubMed、中国知网、万方和维普。涵盖了“肌少症,衰老,老年,线粒体,线粒体功能,蛋白,通路”等关键词,严格按照纳入和排除标准进行筛选,最终纳入文献76篇进行综述分析。

结果与结论:①肌少症是随着年龄增长肌肉质量和功能下降的疾病,其发生机制涉及神经肌肉功能下降、慢性炎症、酸碱失衡和线粒体功能障碍等。②线粒体自噬是细胞清除受损线粒体的重要过程,其中相关受体蛋白以及信号通路参与线粒体自噬的调控,运动可以通过调节这些受体蛋白和信号通路的活性,促进线粒体自噬的发生,对防治肌少症具有重要作用。③运动通过调控多个通路来促进线粒体自噬,包括上调AMPK、磷酸化ULK1、降低线粒体能量、增加与AMBRA1相关蛋白的表达、调控PINK1/Parkin通路等,从而改善肌少症引发的线粒体功能障碍;此外,运动还能激活mTOR通路促进肌肉生长和增加对葡萄糖的摄取,预防和治疗肌少症。④未来需要进一步深入研究运动防治肌少症中线粒体自噬相关受体蛋白和信号通路的具体作用机制和调控途径,开展更多的人体临床研究,以推动该领域的进一步发展。

https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4769-443X(郭辉);https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1899-0194(田春兰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 运动, 有氧训练, 抗阻训练, 耐力训练, 肌少症, 骨骼肌, 衰老, 线粒体自噬, 受体蛋白, 信号通路

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is an age-related degenerative syndrome, and the relationship between mitochondrial autophagy and exercise in preventing and treating sarcopenia has been demonstrated. However, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews detailing the specific receptor proteins and signaling pathways involved in the role of exercise in sarcopenia prevention and treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively introduce the specific receptor proteins and signaling pathways related to mitochondrial autophagy and their role in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia through exercise.
METHODS: A literature search was conducted between February 1, 2023, and April 1, 2023, covering literature from database inception to April 2023. Databases included the Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Data, and VIP. Keywords used for the search included sarcopenia, muscle wasting, aging, elderly, mitochondria, mitochondrial function, proteins, pathways, and others. After strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, 76 articles were ultimately included.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by a decline in muscle mass and function with age, and its pathogenesis involves neuro-muscular functional decline, chronic inflammation, acid-base imbalance, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial autophagy is an important process for clearing damaged mitochondria in cells, in which receptor proteins and signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial autophagy. Exercise can promote the occurrence of mitochondrial autophagy by regulating the activity of these receptor proteins and signaling pathways, thereby playing an important role in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. Exercise can induce mitochondrial autophagy in sarcopenia by upregulating AMPK, phosphorylating ULK1, and reducing mitochondrial energy, enhancing the expression of mitochondrial autophagy-related proteins associated with AMBRA1, and regulating the PINK1/Parkin pathway, to improve mitochondrial dysfunction caused by sarcopenia. In addition, exercise can activate the mTOR pathway to promote muscle growth and increase glucose uptake, thereby preventing and treating sarcopenia. Future studies are needed to further investigate the specific mechanisms and regulatory pathways of mitochondrial autophagy-related receptor proteins and signaling pathways in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia by exercise, and to conduct more clinical trials in humans, thereby to promote further development in this field.

Key words: exercise, aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, endurance exercise, sarcopenia, skeletal muscle, aging, mitochondrial autophagy, receptor protein, signaling pathway

中图分类号: