中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 955-960.doi: 10.12307/2023.788

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换中的缺血再灌注损伤

杨毅峰,黄  健,叶  楠,王  琳   

  1. 内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市   010000
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-21 接受日期:2023-01-18 出版日期:2024-02-28 发布日期:2023-07-12
  • 通讯作者: 黄健,博士,主任医师,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010000
  • 作者简介:杨毅峰,男,1989年生,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市人,汉族,2017年内蒙古医科大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事骨关节外科基础与临床研究。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古医科大学青年项目(YKD2022QN034),项目负责人:杨毅峰;2022年度自治区卫生健康科技计划项目(202201352), 项目负责人:黄健

Ischemia-reperfusion injury in total knee arthroplasty

Yang Yifeng, Huang Jian, Ye Nan, Wang Lin   

  1. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2022-11-21 Accepted:2023-01-18 Online:2024-02-28 Published:2023-07-12
  • Contact: Huang Jian, MD, Chief physician, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Yang Yifeng, Master, Attending physician, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    Youth Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. YKD2022QN034 (to YYF); 2022 Health Science and Technology Project of Autonomous Region, No. 202201352 (to HJ)

摘要:


文题释义:

缺血再灌注损伤:多数情况下,缺血后再灌注可使组织器官功能得到恢复,损伤的结构得到修复,患者病情好转康复,但有时缺血后再灌注,不仅不能使组织、器官功能恢复,反而加重组织、器官的功能障碍和结构损伤。这种在缺血基础上恢复血流后组织损伤反而加重,甚至发生不可逆性损伤的现象称为缺血再灌注损伤。

全膝关节置换:是一种旨在改善晚期膝关节骨关节炎患者的活动能力和生活质量的外科手术。术中多数使用止血带,而止血带的使用可能会引起下肢缺血再灌注损伤。


背景:以往针对缺血再灌注损伤的相关机制、表现、防治已有报道。但对全膝关节置换引起的下肢骨骼肌缺血再灌注损伤研究较少,此文重点对全膝关节置换引起下肢缺血再灌注损伤的发病机制、临床影响及防治方法进行综述。
目的:通过对全膝关节置换引起下肢缺血再灌注损伤的相关文献进行归纳总结,分析其机制、意义,为进一步研究骨骼肌缺血再灌注损伤给出提示。
方法:应用计算机检索PubMed数据库、CNKI、万方数据库及维普数据库2000-01-01/2022-04-30发表的相关文章,英文检索词为“ischemia-reperfusion injury,total knee arthroplasty,tourniquet,mechanism,pathophysiology,skeletal muscle,treatment”;中文检索词为“缺血再灌注损伤,全膝人工关节置换术,止血带,机制,病理生理,骨骼肌,治疗”。排除重复性研究及部分相关性较低的基础类文章。最终纳入68篇文献进行综述。

结果与结论:①缺血再灌注损伤的发病机制与氧自由基、细胞内钙超载、中性粒细胞活化相关,还和高浓度一氧化氮、无复流现象以及细胞凋亡等机制相关,更详尽的机制研究能为将来的防治提供依据;②下肢缺血再灌注损伤会造成局部骨骼肌损伤,这可能由手术本身的创伤引起,也可能是缺血再灌注损伤的作用,还需要更有针对性的研究区别二者关系;③下肢缺血再灌注损伤甚至会影响远端器官,造成肾脏、肺脏损伤,还会影响局部及全身循环;④明确缺血再灌注损伤的影响能为将来的防治指明方向,目前的防治措施主要包括缺血预处理,麻醉药物、抗氧化剂等药物预防;⑤针对全膝关节置换手术引起的下肢骨骼肌缺血再灌注损伤的详细综述,能为将来的诊疗决策提供依据。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6171-3854 (杨毅峰) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 缺血再灌注损伤, 全膝关节置换, 止血带, 机制, 病理生理, 骨骼肌, 治疗

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The mechanism, manifestation, prevention and treatment of ischemia-reperfusion injury have been reported in the past. However, there are few studies on the ischemia-reperfusion injury of lower limb skeletal muscle caused by total knee arthroplasty. This article focuses on the pathogenesis, clinical impact, prevention and treatment of the ischemia-reperfusion injury of lower limb caused by total knee arthroplasty.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the related literature of lower limb ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by total knee arthroplasty, analyze the mechanism and significance, and give hints for further research on skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury.
METHODS: The relevant articles on PubMed, CNKI, WanFang and VIP databases published from January 1, 2000 to April 30, 2022 were searched by computer with the Chinese and English search terms of “ischemia-reperfusion injury, total knee arthroplasty, tourniquet, mechanism, pathophysiology, skeletal muscle, treatment”. After excluding repetitive research and some basic articles with low correlation, 68 articles were finally selected for review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury is related to oxygen free radicals, intracellular calcium overload, neutrophil activation, as well as high concentration of nitric oxide, no reflow phenomenon, apoptosis and other mechanisms. More detailed mechanism research can provide basis for future prevention and treatment. (2) Ischemia-reperfusion injury of lower limbs will cause local skeletal muscle injury, which may be caused by the trauma of the operation itself or the role of ischemia-reperfusion injury. More targeted research is needed to distinguish the relationship between the two. (3) Ischemia-reperfusion injury of lower limbs may even affect the distal organs, causing kidney and lung damage. It also affects local and systemic circulation. (4) To clarify the effect of ischemia-reperfusion injury can point out the direction for future prevention and treatment. The current prevention and treatment measures mainly include ischemic preconditioning, anesthetic, antioxidant and other drug prevention. (5) The detailed review of ischemia-reperfusion injury of lower limb skeletal muscle caused by total knee arthroplasty can provide basis for future diagnosis and treatment decisions.

Key words: ischemia-reperfusion injury, total knee arthroplasty, tourniquet, mechanism, pathophysiology, skeletal muscle, treatment

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