中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 295-301.doi: 10.12307/2023.863

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

Atg介导的自噬、运动和骨骼肌衰老

王京峰,文登台,王士杰,高颖晖   

  1. 鲁东大学,体育学院,山东省烟台市  264025
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-24 接受日期:2023-01-04 出版日期:2024-01-18 发布日期:2023-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 文登台,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师,鲁东大学,体育学院,山东省烟台市 264025
  • 作者简介:王京峰,男,1997年生,山东省泰安市人,汉族,鲁东大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事运动人体科学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32000832),项目负责人:文登台;山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020QC096),项目负责人:文登台

Atg-mediated autophagy, exercise and skeletal muscle aging

Wang Jingfeng, Wen Dengtai, Wang Shijie, Gao Yinghui   

  1. College of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2022-11-24 Accepted:2023-01-04 Online:2024-01-18 Published:2023-06-30
  • Contact: Wen Dengtai, PhD, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, College of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Wang Jingfeng, Master candidate, College of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 32000832 (to WDT); Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, No. ZR2020QC096 (to WDT)

摘要:


文题释义:

Atg基因(蛋白):Atg基因在进化过程中是高度保守的,从酵母和果蝇到脊椎动物和人类中都可以找到参与自噬的同源基因,Atg蛋白之间相互作用于自噬的连续过程中,参与自噬过程的调节。
自噬:巨自噬,通常也称作自噬,是真核生物中进化保守的对细胞内物质进行周转的重要过程。该过程中一些损坏的蛋白或细胞器被双层膜结构的自噬小泡包裹后,送入溶酶体(动物)或液泡(酵母和植物)中进行降解并得以循环利用。营养不足的状态通常会激活自噬,但自噬也与许多生理和病理过程有关,比如发育、分化、神经退行性疾病、应激、感染以及癌症。


背景:运动作为一种可行的非药物治疗方法,有可能逆转随着年龄增长而恶化的骨骼肌衰老。自噬在骨骼肌衰老过程中的作用是不可缺少的。在骨骼肌衰老期间,参与调节自噬的Atg基因以或促进或抑制的方式调节自噬过程,以改善骨骼肌的生理形态。然而自噬在运动调节骨骼肌衰老中的具体分子机制仍令人困惑。

目的:通过对该领域文献的回顾,寻找运动中自噬机制对骨骼肌衰老影响的一般规律。
方法:①文献资料法:通过对CNKI及Web of Science数据库有关“Atg基因(蛋白)、自噬、运动以及骨骼肌衰老”等相关文献的检索、查阅和筛选,为全文的分析奠定理论基础。②对比分析法:通过对所得到文献进行阅读分析,比较文献之间的异同点,为论点提供合理的理论支撑;通过对文献的进一步对比分析,理清相关指标间的关系,为全文的分析明确思路。

结果与结论:Atg家族介导的自噬对于延缓骨骼肌衰老是不可或缺的。参与调节自噬的Atg基因以或促进或抑制的方式调节自噬过程,以改善骨骼肌的生理形态及功能。不同的运动模式,如开始运动的年龄、时间或者强度,可能对自噬相关蛋白的表达有异质性的影响,但长期的有氧运动可以调节Atg相关蛋白,诱导骨骼肌自噬,并延缓肌肉质量的损失。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9581-6381(王京峰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: Atg, 自噬, 运动, 骨骼肌衰老, 有氧运动

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Exercise as a viable non-pharmacological treatment has the potential to reverse skeletal muscle aging that deteriorates with age. The role of autophagy in the skeletal muscle aging process is indispensable. During skeletal muscle aging, Atg genes involved in regulating autophagy regulate the autophagic process in either a facilitative or inhibitory manner to improve the physiological morphology of skeletal muscle. However the specific molecular mechanisms of autophagy in the exercise regulation of skeletal muscle aging remain puzzling. 
OBJECTIVE: To search for general patterns of the effects of autophagic mechanisms on skeletal muscle aging during exercise through a review of articles in this field. 
METHODS: (1) CNKI and Web of Science were searched, reviewed, and screened for relevant literature using the keywords of”Atg genes (proteins), autophagy, exercise, and skeletal muscle aging” to lay the theoretical foundation for the full-text analysis. (2) The comparative analysis method was used to compare the similarities and differences among the included documents to provide reasonable theoretical support for the arguments. By the further comparative analysis of the literature, the relationship between relevant indicators was clarified, to provide the ideas for the full-text analysis. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Atg family-mediated autophagy is indispensable for delaying skeletal muscle aging. Atg genes involved in regulating autophagy regulate the autophagic process in either a facilitative or inhibitory manner to improve the physiological morphology and function of skeletal muscle. Different exercise patterns, such as age, time, or intensity at initiation, may have heterogeneous effects on the expression of autophagy-related proteins, but long-term aerobic exercise regulates Atg-related proteins, induces skeletal muscle autophagy, and delays the loss of muscle mass.

Key words: Atg, autophagy, exercise, skeletal muscle aging, aerobic exercise

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