中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (32): 5238-5242.doi: 10.12307/2024.503

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

夜间运动影响睡眠变化的特征与作用机制

王龙腾,周跃辉   

  1. 曲阜师范大学体育科学学院,山东省曲阜市  273165
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-23 接受日期:2023-10-12 出版日期:2024-11-18 发布日期:2023-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 周跃辉,博士,副教授,曲阜师范大学体育科学学院,山东省曲阜市 273165
  • 作者简介:王龙腾,男,1999年生,山东省济宁市人,汉族,曲阜师范大学体育科学学院在读硕士,主要从事运动健康促进方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省社会科学规划研究项目(23CTYJ05),项目负责人:周跃辉

Characterization and mechanism by which nighttime exercise affects sleep

Wang Longteng, Zhou Yuehui   

  1. School of Sports Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2023-08-23 Accepted:2023-10-12 Online:2024-11-18 Published:2023-12-29
  • Contact: Zhou Yuehui, PhD, Associate professor, School of Sports Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Wang Longteng, Master candidate, School of Sports Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Social Science Planning Research Project of Shandong Province, No, 23CTYJ05 (to ZYH)

摘要:


文题释义:

夜间运动:与“晨练”相对应,是指通常在日落后进行,具有帮助人们提高体质、释放一天压力、增加身体适应性以及提高神经的敏感性等效益的身体锻炼方式。进行夜间运动要注意运动强度和时间,避免强度过高和时间太晚使交感神经兴奋,妨碍入睡。
睡眠时相:是指睡眠状态中的特定生理过程,包括非快速眼动睡眠和快速眼动睡眠2个阶段。在非快速眼动睡眠阶段,脑电波频率变慢、振幅变大,身体逐渐进入休息和恢复状态;在快速眼动睡眠阶段,脑电波频率变快、振幅变小,眼球开始快速左右摆动。


背景:随着全民健身活动的广泛开展,夜间运动健身逐渐成为一种社会潮流,然而夜间运动对睡眠会产生什么影响,其变化特征和作用机制尚不明确。

目的:探析夜间运动影响睡眠的变化特征及作用机制。
方法:检索中国知网(CNKI)、PubMed和Web of Science数据库,以“体育,运动,身体活动,体力活动,锻炼,睡眠,睡觉,作息”为中文检索词,以“nocturnality,night,nighttime,exercise,sport,physical activity,sleep,slumber,dorm”为英文检索词,筛选夜间运动影响睡眠变化及作用机制的相关文献,最终纳入55篇文献。

结果与结论:①睡眠包括快速眼动和非快速眼动2个时相,睡眠调控依靠不同脑区神经回路及分子的紧密协调,同时机体稳态成分和昼夜节律也是调控睡眠的重要因素;②运动对睡眠的影响从早期关注中枢神经系统到加入躯体生理学,再到如今多个维度展开研究,发现了运动对睡眠多方面的影响,包括主观睡眠质量、睡眠连续性、睡眠数量与睡眠结构;③夜间运动影响睡眠受运动条件和运动者的制约而表现出一定的复杂性,但夜间运动影响睡眠表现出的异质性、时间依赖性、不稳定性特征能够为夜间运动者减小睡眠影响提供一定的指导;④夜间运动影响睡眠的机制与褪黑素分泌减少、核心体温升高、能量的消耗有关;⑤自身睡眠对夜间运动敏感性高的人应尽量避免夜间运动,敏感性低的人也要注意夜间运动的时间要与睡眠时间有较长间隔,强度也不宜过高,运动后可以采用一些措施来保障睡眠,如运动后补充一些能量、减少使用电子设备等。

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0453-9277(王龙腾)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 夜间运动, 睡眠, 特征, 作用机制, 人体健康

Abstract: BACKGROUND: With the extensive development of national fitness activities, nighttime exercise has gradually become a social trend. However, what effects nighttime exercise will have on sleep, the characterization of sleeping changes and the mechanisms of action are not clear.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characterization and mechanisms of nighttime exercise on sleep.
METHODS: We searched the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), PubMed database, and Web of Science database with the search terms of “sport, exercise, physical activity, physical exercise, workout, sleep, asleep, daily routine” in Chinese, and “nocturnality, night, nighttime, exercise, sport, physical activity, sleep, slumber, dorm” in English for literature on how nighttime exercise affects sleep and its mechanism of action. Finally, 55 articles were included. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Sleep consists of two phases: rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement. Sleep regulation relies on the close coordination of neural circuits and molecules in different brain regions, while the homeostatic components of the organism and circadian rhythms are also important factors in the regulation of sleep. The effects of exercise on sleep have evolved from an early focus on the central nervous system to the addition of somatic physiology, and now multiple dimensions have been investigated, revealing multifaceted effects of exercise on sleep, including subjective sleep quality, sleep continuity, and sleep quantity and sleep structure. Nighttime exercise-affected sleep is subjected to the constraints of exercise conditions and exercisers and shows certain complexity, but the heterogeneity, time-dependence, and instability characteristics of nighttime exercise-affected sleep can provide some guidance for nighttime exercisers in minimizing the impact on sleep. Mechanisms by which nighttime exercise affects sleep are related to the reduction of melatonin secretion, the increase of core body temperature, and energy expenditure. People with high sensitivity of their own sleep to nighttime exercise should avoid nighttime exercise as much as possible, and those with low sensitivity should also pay attention to the fact that the time of nighttime exercise should have a long interval with sleeping time, and the intensity should not be too high. Some measures can be adopted to safeguard sleep after exercise, such as energy replenishing after exercise, and reduced use of electronic devices.

Key words: nighttime exercise, sleep, characterization, mechanism of action, human health

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