中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (21): 3355-3360.doi: 10.12307/2024.084

• 骨科植入物相关临床实践 Clinical practice of orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

Pilon骨折中胫骨与腓骨骨折的相关性

徐石庄,陈洪全,侯建文,孙克富   

  1. 连云港市第二人民医院,江苏省连云港市   222000
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-21 接受日期:2023-06-15 出版日期:2024-07-28 发布日期:2023-09-27
  • 通讯作者: 陈洪全,连云港市第二人民医院,江苏省连云港市 222000
  • 作者简介:徐石庄,男,1986年生,江苏省连云港市人,汉族,2020年徐州医科大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事骨关节创伤方面的研究。

Correlation of tibial and fibular fractures in Pilon fractures

Xu Shizhuang, Chen Hongquan, Hou Jianwen, Sun Kefu   

  1. The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2023-04-21 Accepted:2023-06-15 Online:2024-07-28 Published:2023-09-27
  • Contact: Chen Hongquan, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Xu Shizhuang, Master, Attending physician, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:

Pilon骨折:是指累及胫距关节面的胫骨远端骨折,骨折块多粉碎,常伴有骨丢失和软组织损伤,1911年由法国放射医生ETIENNNE DESTOT首次提出并命名。法国医生BONIN 1950年使用“plafond”报道胫骨远端关节面骨折,并根据胫骨远端关节面形状像穹窿状的天花板,所以又将 Pilon 骨折称为天花板骨折或者穹隆骨折。
相关性:是一个统计指标,用来表示2个变量的线性相关程度,即2个变量以固定的比率一起变化的程度。相关性是一个用于描述简单关系而没有陈述因果关系的常用工具,可分为正相关、负相关、不相关3种关系。


背景:Pilon 骨折的骨折线走行复杂,骨折块多粉碎,常伴有骨丢失和软组织损伤,是临床最难治疗的骨折之一。

目的:分析Pilon骨折中胫骨骨折和腓骨骨折的相关性。
方法:回顾性分析连云港市第二人民医院创伤骨科2014年1月至2022年1月收治的188例Pilon骨折患者的病历资料,采集患者影像学数据,包括腓骨骨折水平、腓骨骨折类型、腓骨骨折块数、胫骨位置状态、胫骨主要骨折块、胫骨内侧骨折块大小、胫骨骨折角、Topliss分型(矢状面)、Topliss分型(冠状面),将信息汇总为数据库,运用SPSS 25.0先采用斯皮尔曼相关性分析法分析Pilon骨折中胫骨与腓骨的相关数据,在相关性的基础上运用多元无序Logistic回归分析法进一步分析其相关性。

结果与结论:①采用斯皮尔曼相关性分析时发现:胫骨骨折角与腓骨骨折类型、腓骨骨折水平和腓骨骨折块数呈正相关;胫骨位置状态与胫骨骨折角和Topliss分型(冠状面)呈正相关,与胫骨主要骨折块和Topliss分型(矢状面)呈负相关;腓骨骨折水平与腓骨骨折类型和腓骨骨折块数呈正相关;胫骨主要骨折块与Topliss分型(冠状面)呈正相关,与Topliss分型(矢状面)呈负相关;②采用多元无序Logistic回归分析时发现:腓骨骨折水平与腓骨骨折类型有相关性(P < 0.05),腓骨骨折块数与胫骨主要骨折块有相关性(P < 0.05);③提示当踝关节越倾向于外翻状态时,越容易导致腓骨骨折,且腓骨骨折水平越高,腓骨的骨折程度越严重,腓骨骨折类型越复杂,胫骨骨折角越大,胫骨越呈现Topliss分型(冠状面)骨折;④当踝关节越倾向于处于内翻或者内翻+背伸状态时,腓骨常常不骨折或出现简单骨折,且骨折水平越低,胫骨骨折角越小,胫骨越呈现Topliss分型(矢状面),胫骨主要骨折块越多,内侧骨折块越大;当踝关节处于背伸状态时,常导致腓骨简单骨折,且伴有胫骨后外侧骨折。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1257-965X(徐石庄) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: Pilon骨折, 胫骨骨折, 腓骨骨折, 骨折分型, 相关性

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The Pilon fracture has a complex fracture line and a comminuted fracture fragment. It is often associated with bone loss and soft tissue damage and is one of the most difficult fractures to treat clinically.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation between tibial and fibular fractures in Pilon fractures.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 188 patients with Pilon fracture in the Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City from January 2014 to January 2022. Imaging data of these patients were collected. Fibular fracture level, fibular fracture type, number of fibular fracture blocks, tibial position status, main fracture blocks of the tibia, size of medial fracture blocks of the tibia, tibial fracture angle, Topliss classification (sagittal plane) and Topliss classification (coronal plane) were summarized into a database. SPSS 25.0 was used to analyze the data of tibia and fibula in Pilon fractures by Spearman correlation analysis. On the basis of the correlation, multiple disordered Logistic regression was used to further analyze the correlation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Spearman correlation analysis showed that tibial fracture angle was positively correlated with fibular fracture type, fibular fracture level and fibular fracture number. Tibial position status was positively correlated with tibial fracture angle and Topliss classification (coronal plane), but negatively correlated with major tibial fracture blocks and Topliss classification (sagittal plane). The level of fibular fracture was positively correlated with the type of fibular fracture and the number of fibular fractures. The main fracture blocks of the tibia were positively correlated with Topliss classification (coronal plane) and negatively correlated with Topliss classification (sagittal plane). (2) Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that: the level of fibular fracture was correlated with the type of fibular fracture (P < 0.05); the number of fibular fractures was correlated with the main fracture block of tibia (P < 0.05). (3) It is indicated that the more inclined the ankle joint was to the valgus, the more likely it was to lead to fibular fracture, and the higher the fibular fracture level, the more serious the fibular fracture degree, the more complex the fibular fracture type, the larger the tibial fracture angle, the more the tibia presented Topliss classification (coronal plane) fracture. (4) When the ankle joint was more inclined to be in varus or varus + dorsiflexion, the fibula often did not fracture or simple fracture occurred, and the lower the fracture level, the smaller the tibial fracture angle, the more Topliss classification of the tibia (sagittal plane), the more main fracture blocks of the tibia, the larger the medial fracture block. When the ankle joint is in the dorsiflexion, it often results in a simple fibular fracture with a posterolateral tibial fracture.

Key words: Pilon fracture, tibial fracture, fibular fracture, fracture classification, correlation

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