中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 480-486.doi: 10.12307/2022.079

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

切开复位内固定与环形外固定治疗胫骨平台骨折的Meta分析

杨瑞嘉1,2,姜灵凯1,董政权1,王云飞1,马  洲1,丛琳琳1,2,郭妍婧1,2,高阳阳1,李鹏翠1*   

  1. 1山西医科大学第二医院骨科实验室,山西省太原市   030001;2山西医科大学生物化学与分子生物学教研室,山西省太原市   030001
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-07 修回日期:2020-12-12 接受日期:2021-02-07 出版日期:2022-01-28 发布日期:2021-10-29
  • 通讯作者: 李鹏翠,女,博士,主任医师,山西医科大学第二医院骨科实验室,山西省太原市 030001
  • 作者简介:杨瑞嘉,女,1997年生,云南省蒙自市人,汉族,山西医科大学在读硕士,技师,主要从事骨与软组织修复研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81772415),项目负责人:魏垒

Open reduction and internal fixation versus circular external fixation for tibial plateau fractures: a meta-analysis

Yang Ruijia1, 2, Jiang Lingkai1, Dong Zhengquan1, Wang Yunfei1, Ma Zhou1, Cong Linlin1, 2, Guo Yanjing1, 2, Gao Yangyang1, Li Pengcui1   

  1. 1Laboratory of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China; 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2020-12-07 Revised:2020-12-12 Accepted:2021-02-07 Online:2022-01-28 Published:2021-10-29
  • Contact: Li Pengcui, MD, Chief physician, Laboratory of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Yang Ruijia, Master candidate, Technician, Laboratory of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81772415 (to WL)

摘要:

文题释义:
切开复位内固定:是治疗胫骨平台骨折常用的方式,可提供良好的骨折复位和稳定性,可显著提高患者的治疗效果,促进胫骨平台骨折患者骨折端较快愈合。
环形外固定:采用圆形外固定器对骨折进行复位,是一种创伤较小的治疗选择,外固定框架具有更高的生物力学优势,为骨折提供矫正复位且避免软组织破坏。

目的:胫骨平台骨折较容易发生术后并发症及不良反应。目前,治疗胫骨平台骨折最常用的手术方式是切开复位内固定和环形外固定,对于两种手术方式的预后对比研究甚少,选择何种手术方式存在较多争议。文章通过Meta分析对切开复位内固定与环形外固定治疗胫骨平台骨折的临床疗效进行评价。
方法:计算机检索2005-2020年PubMed、EMbase、Cochrane Library、万方、中国知网、维普数据库有关切开复位内固定与环形外固定治疗胫骨平台骨折的临床随机对照试验和回顾性队列研究,阅读筛选文献,依次对符合筛选要求的回顾性队列研究采用NOS量表进行评价,随机对照试验采用Cochrane手册标准评估偏倚风险,采用RevMan 5.3软件对结果数据进行Meta分析。
结果:①共纳入文献11篇,其中374例患者采用切开复位内固定,316例患者采用环形外固定,此外,2篇随机对照病例试验均提及随机方法,9篇回顾性队列研究根据NOS量表进行文献质量评价,3篇为8分,5篇为7分,1篇为6分;文献质量较好,数据的真实性及可靠性较好。②Meta分析结果显示,切开复位内固定组活动度(MD=-4.83,95%Cl:-7.01至-2.65,P < 0.000 1)、术后感染率(OR=0.22,95%Cl:0.13-0.40,P < 0.000 01)优于环形外固定组,环形外固定组在住院时间(MD=8.01,95%Cl:7.05-8.96,P < 0.000 01)优于切开复位内固定组;③术后愈合不良、术后骨关节炎、术后膝盖内翻、RSS评分,切开复位内固定组与环形外固定组无显著差异(P > 0.05)。
结论:在治疗胫骨平台骨折时,相比于环形外固定,切开复位内固定修复后患者的术后感染风险较低,术后活动度较好,而行环形外固定修复的患者住院时间较短。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6145-8133 (杨瑞嘉) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨折, 胫骨骨折, 胫骨平台, 内固定, 切开复位内固定, 外固定, Meta分析, 环形外固定

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Tibial plateau fractures are more prone to postoperative complications and adverse reactions. At present, the most commonly used surgical methods for the treatment of tibial plateau fractures are open reduction with internal fixation and circular external fixators. There are few comparative studies on the prognosis of the two surgical methods. There are many controversies about the choice of surgical method. This article evaluates the clinical efficacy of open reduction internal fixation and circular external fixation for tibial plateau fractures through meta-analysis.  
METHODS:  From 2005 to 2020, PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, CNKI, and VIP databases related to open reduction and internal fixation and circular external fixation in the treatment of tibial plateau fractures were searched by computer for clinical randomized controlled trials and retrospective cohort studies. After reading and screening the literature, in turn, the retrospective cohort studies that met the screening requirements were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The risk of bias in the randomized controlled trials was evaluated using the Cochrane Handbook standard. RevMan 5.3 software was used to conduct meta-analysis of the data.  
RESULTS: (1) A total of 11 articles were included. Among them, 374 patients used open reduction and internal fixation; 316 patients used circular external fixation. Two randomized controlled case trials mentioned random methods. Nine retrospective cohort studies evaluated the literature quality according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, including 3 articles with 8 points, 5 articles with 7 points, 1 article with 6 points; the quality of the literature was good, and the data had good authenticity and reliability. (2) The results of meta-analysis showed that the range of motion (MD=-4.83, 95%CI:-7.01 to -2.65, P < 0.000 1) and postoperative infection rate (OR=0.22, 95%CI:0.13-0.40, P < 0.000 01) in the open reduction and internal fixation group were better than those in the circular external fixation group. The length of hospital stay in the circular external fixation group was better than that in the open reduction and internal fixation group (MD=8.01, 95%CI:7.05-8.96, P < 0.000 01). (3) There was no significant difference in poor postoperative healing, postoperative osteoarthritis, postoperative knee varus, and RSS score between open reduction and internal fixation group and circular external fixation group (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: in the treatment of tibial plateau fractures, compared with the circular external fixation, the open reduction and internal fixation has a lower risk of postoperative infection and better postoperative range of motion, but patients repaired by the circular external fixation have a shorter hospital stay.

Key words: fractures, tibial fractures, tibial plateau, internal fixation, open reduction and internal fixation, external fixation, meta-analysis, circular external fixation

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