中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (21): 3361-3366.doi: 10.12307/2024.095

• 骨科植入物相关临床实践 Clinical practice of orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

老年股骨颈骨折患者术后死亡的危险因素及预测列线图的构建

李志鹏,环大维,袁兆丰,邱  越,张  超,夏天卫,沈计荣   

  1. 南京中医药大学附属医院(江苏省中医院),江苏省南京市   210004
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-21 接受日期:2023-06-28 出版日期:2024-07-28 发布日期:2023-09-27
  • 通讯作者: 沈计荣,主任医师,硕士生导师,南京中医药大学附属医院(江苏省中医院),江苏省南京市 210004
  • 作者简介:李志鹏,男,1997年生,山东省临沂市人,汉族,南京中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事关节与创伤研究。

Risk factors of postoperative mortality of femoral neck fractures in elderly patients and construction of a nomogram predictive model

Li Zhipeng, Huan Dawei, Yuan Zhaofeng, Qiu Yue, Zhang Chao, Xia Tianwei, Shen Jirong   

  1. Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2023-05-21 Accepted:2023-06-28 Online:2024-07-28 Published:2023-09-27
  • Contact: Shen Jirong, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Li Zhipeng, Master candidate, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:

列线图:又称诺莫图(Nomogram图),它是建立在多因素回归分析的基础上,将多个预测指标进行整合,然后采用带有刻度的线段,按照一定的比例绘制在同一平面上,根据各个影响因素对结局变量的贡献程度(回归系数的大小),给每个影响因素的每个取值水平进行赋分,然后再将各个评分相加得到总评分,最后通过总评分与结局事件发生概率之间的函数转换关系,从而计算出该个体结局事件的预测值。
受试者工作特征曲线:又称ROC曲线,ROC曲线下面积是指ROC曲线与x轴、(1,0)-(1,1)围绕的面积,曲线下面积大于0.5,证明该模型具有一定的诊断价值。同时,曲线下面积越接近1,离(0,1)点越近,证明诊断试验的真实性越好。


背景:针对不断增多的老年股骨颈骨折患者,提高关节置换后死亡风险的筛查能力并及时实施个性化干预方案,是改善患者术后状态、延长生存预期的关键。

目的:探讨老年股骨颈骨折患者术后死亡的危险因素,并构建预测其死亡风险的列线图模型。
方法:以2016年1月至2021年1月因股骨颈骨折于同一治疗组行关节置换的155例老年患者(≥65岁)为研究对象,将符合纳入标准的147例患者进行结果分析。收集可能影响患者术后死亡的临床资料,先后采用单因素与多因素Cox回归分析筛选与术后死亡相关的独立危险因素,并使用Rstudio软件构建列线图模型,并对模型进行验证。

结果与结论:①年龄、虚弱度(年龄校正Charlson合并症评分)、术前活动状态、骨质疏松、术后血清白蛋白水平是老年股骨颈骨折患者术后死亡的5个独立危险因素(P < 0.05);②根据多因素分析结果构建列线图模型,一致性指数为0.819(95%CI:0.771-0.868),受试者工作特征曲线分析显示1,3年死亡预测的曲线下面积分别为0.854 3,0.726 3,说明列线图具有良好区别度和预测能力;校准曲线与决策曲线分析也显示出模型良好的鉴别力和临床实用价值;③构建的列线图模型具有良好的诊断效能及准确度,可有效评估患者术后死亡风险。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5539-3775 (李志鹏) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 老年, 股骨颈骨折, 死亡率, 危险因素, 回归分析, 列线图预测模型

Abstract: BACKGROUND: With a gradually aging population, improving the ability to screen for the risk of death after arthroplasty and implementing timely personalized intervention programs for the increasing number of elderly patients with femoral neck fractures is key to improving the postoperative status of patients and prolonging survival expectations.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors for postoperative mortality in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures and to construct a nomogram predictive model to predict their mortality risk.
METHODS: The study was conducted on 155 elderly patients (≥ 65 years old) who underwent arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture from January 2016 to January 2021, and 147 patients who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed to collect clinical data that may affect the patients’ postoperative mortality. Single-factor and multi-factor Cox regression analyses were successively used to screen independent risk factors associated with postoperative mortality. The column line graph model was constructed and validated using Rstudio software.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Age, frailty (age-adjusted Charlson comorbidities score), preoperative activity status, osteoporosis, and postoperative serum albumin level were five independent risk factors for postoperative mortality in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures (P < 0.05). (2) The nomogram predictive model was constructed based on the results of multifactorial analysis, with a consistency index of 0.819 (95%CI: 0.771-0.868). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under curve for 1-year and 3-year survival prediction was 0.854 3 and 0.726 3, respectively, indicating that the nomogram predictive model has good discriminatory and predictive power; calibration curve and decision curve analysis also showed good model discriminative power and clinical utility value. (3) The constructed nomogram predictive model has good diagnostic efficacy and accuracy, and can effectively assess the risk of postoperative death of patients.

Key words: elderly, femoral neck fracture, mortality, risk factor, regression analysis, nomogram prediction model

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