中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (20): 3170-3175.doi: 10.12307/2024.353

• 软骨组织构建 cartilage tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

游泳运动对老年膝骨关节炎小鼠软骨的保护效应

朱仕杰1,杨轶婷1,曹宇汀1,郑良栋1,林开利2,朱  睿1   

  1. 1同济大学医学院,同济大学附属养志康复医院,上海市  200092;2上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院,上海市  200011
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-18 接受日期:2023-06-15 出版日期:2024-07-18 发布日期:2023-09-09
  • 通讯作者: 朱睿,博士,副教授,同济大学医学院,同济大学附属养志康复医院,上海市 200092
  • 作者简介:朱仕杰,男,1997年生,上海市人,汉族,同济大学在读硕士,主要从事运动干预骨关节炎的基础研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2008703),项目负责人:朱睿

Cartilage protective effect of swimming exercise in aged mice with knee osteoarthritis

Zhu Shijie1, Yang Yiting1, Cao Yuting1, Zheng Liangdong1, Lin Kaili2, Zhu Rui1   

  1. 1School of Medicine, Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; 2Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
  • Received:2023-04-18 Accepted:2023-06-15 Online:2024-07-18 Published:2023-09-09
  • Contact: Zhu Rui, MD, Associate professor, School of Medicine, Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • About author:Zhu Shijie, Master candidate, School of Medicine, Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program, No. 2020YFC2008703 (to ZR)

摘要:


文题释义:

细胞外基质:产生于多细胞有机体中,细胞周围由多种大分子组成的复杂网络,主要由5类物质组成,即胶原蛋白、非胶原蛋白、弹性蛋白、蛋白聚糖与氨基聚糖。研究表明,细胞外基质含有大量信号分子,积极调控细胞活动。其中,软骨细胞外基质可保护软骨细胞免受机械应力的破坏作用。

Ⅱ型胶原:胶原蛋白有不同的类型,其中Ⅱ型胶原主要由软骨细胞产生,多存在于骨骼、关节、肌腱等组织,它是由丝状的胶原蛋白纤维与弹性蛋白及多糖蛋白相互交织形成的网状结构,具有一定的机械强度。


背景:游泳运动是膝骨关节炎重要的非药物治疗手段,可以有效缓解膝骨关节炎,但目前游泳运动对老年膝骨关节炎的影响和机制尚不明确。

目的:探讨游泳运动对老年膝骨关节炎小鼠关节软骨的影响。
方法:将6只3月龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠作为年轻组,将12只18月龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为老年组和游泳组,每组6只。游泳组小鼠进行1周的适应性游泳和8周的正式游泳运动。干预结束后,对各组小鼠进行步幅分析和取材。通过血常规检测外周血白细胞和淋巴细胞总数;苏木精-伊红染色和番红O-固绿染色法观察软骨形态;软骨细胞计数和改良Mankin’s评分评估关节软骨损伤程度;免疫组织化学染色和RT-qPCR法检测关节软骨中Ⅱ型胶原、聚集蛋白聚糖和基质金属蛋白酶13的蛋白和mRNA表达。

结果与结论:①与年轻组相比,老年组小鼠步幅明显下降(P < 0.05),外周血白细胞和淋巴细胞计数均明显升高(P < 0.05),关节软骨表面不平整、软骨细胞异常、蛋白多糖丢失,软骨细胞计数显著下降(P < 0.05),改良Mankin’s评分明显升高(P < 0.05),Ⅱ型胶原和聚集蛋白聚糖的蛋白和mRNA表达减少(P < 0.05)、基质金属蛋白酶13的表达增加(P < 0.05)。②与老年组相比,游泳组小鼠步幅明显上升(P < 0.05),外周血的淋巴细胞计数明显下降(P < 0.05),关节软骨表面较平整、软骨细胞较正常、蛋白多糖丢失较少,软骨细胞计数显著升高(P < 0.05),改良Mankin’s评分明显下降(P < 0.05),Ⅱ型胶原和聚集蛋白聚糖的蛋白和mRNA表达增加(P < 0.05)、基质金属蛋白酶13的表达减少(P < 0.05)。③结果说明,游泳运动可减少老年小鼠的血中炎性细胞,改善关节软骨细胞、基质成分及软骨组织形态,对老年膝骨关节炎小鼠软骨具有保护效应。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9831-0741(朱仕杰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 游泳运动, 老年, 膝骨关节炎, 软骨保护, 细胞外基质

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Swimming is an important non-pharmacological treatment for knee osteoarthritis, which can effectively alleviate the disease. However, the effect and mechanism of swimming on senile knee osteoarthritis are still unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of swimming exercise on the articular cartilage of aged mice with knee osteoarthritis.
METHODS: Six 3-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were selected as the young group, and twelve 18-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into the aged group and the swimming group, with six mice in each group. Mice in the swimming group received adaptive swimming for 1 week and formal swimming for 8 weeks. After the intervention, stride length analysis and sampling were performed in each group. The total number of leukocytes and lymphocytes in peripheral blood was detected by blood routine examinations. The morphology of the articular cartilage was observed by hematoxylin-eosin and safranin O-fast green staining. Chondrocyte counts and the modified Mankin’s score were used to evaluate the degree of articular cartilage damage. The protein and mRNA expressions of type II collagen, aggrecan and matrix metalloproteinase 13 in articular cartilage were detected by immunohistochemical staining and RT-qPCR. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the young group, the mice in the aged group showed significantly decreased stride length (P < 0.05), significantly increased numbers of peripheral leukocytes and lymphocytes (P < 0.05), significantly decreased count of chondrocytes (P < 0.05), significantly increased modified Mankin’s score (P < 0.05), significantly decreased protein and mRNA expression of type II collagen and aggreca (P < 0.05), and significantly increased matrix metalloproteinase 13 expression (P < 0.05). Moreover, hematoxylin-eosin and safranin O-fast green staining showed the uneven surface of the articular cartilage, abnormal chondrocytes, and proteoglycan loss in the aged group. Compared with the aged group, swimming exercise significantly improved the stride length of mice (P < 0.05), decreased the count of peripheral blood lymphocytes (P < 0.05), increased the count of chondrocytes (P < 0.05), decreased the modified Mankin’s score (P < 0.05), increased the protein and mRNA expression of type II collagen and aggrecan (P < 0.05), and decreased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (P < 0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin and safranin O-fast green staining showed that the articular surface of mice in the swimming group was smooth, chondrocytes were normal, and proteoglycan loss was less. All these findings indicate that swimming exercise can reduce the number of inflammatory cells in the blood of aged mice, improve articular chondrocytes, matrix composition and cartilage tissue morphology; thus, it has a protective effect on the cartilage of aged mice with knee osteoarthritis.

Key words: swimming exercise, elderly, knee osteoarthritis, cartilage protection, extracellular matrix

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