中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (17): 2772-2779.doi: 10.12307/2023.067

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

富血小板血浆满足不同类型关节软骨损伤的治疗需求

张紫钰1,2,王一茗2,李  涵2,王中汉3,陆加霖2,徐  瑞2,4,金  辉1   

  1. 吉林大学第二医院,1疼痛科,3骨科,吉林省长春市  130041;2吉林大学白求恩医学部,吉林省长春市  130021;4上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院内分泌代谢科,上海市  200025
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-05 接受日期:2022-04-18 出版日期:2023-06-18 发布日期:2022-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 金辉,硕士,主治医师,吉林大学第二医院疼痛科,吉林省长春市 130041
  • 作者简介:张紫钰,女,2002年生,汉族,吉林大学白求恩医学院本科在读,主要从事富血小板血浆治疗运动系统疾病的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    吉林大学博士研究生交叉学科科研资助计划(419100200861),项目负责人:王中汉

Platelet-rich plasma meets the therapeutic needs of different articular cartilage defects

Zhang Ziyu1, 2, Wang Yiming2, Li Han2, Wang Zhonghan3, Lu Jialin2, Xu Rui2, 4, Jin Hui1   

  1. 1Department of Pain Treatment, 3Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China; 2Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China; 4Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
  • Received:2022-01-05 Accepted:2022-04-18 Online:2023-06-18 Published:2022-10-25
  • Contact: Jin Hui, MD, Attending physician, Department of Pain Treatment, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Ziyu, Department of Pain Treatment, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China; Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
  • Supported by:
    The Interdisciplinary Research Funding Program for Doctoral Candidates of Jilin University, No. 419100200861 (to WZH)

摘要:

文题释义:
富血小板血浆:是全血通过离心等操作获得的含高浓度血小板的生物制剂,其中的血小板活化后可释放多种高浓度生长因子,包括转化生长因子β、胰岛素样生长因子、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和血小板衍生生长因子等,这些生长因子具有促进软骨再生的作用。目前,已有大量临床研究表明富血小板血浆对关节软骨损伤的治疗是十分有益的。
关节软骨缺损:关节软骨属于透明软骨,具有高度组织化的结构,其损伤大致可分为深度缺损、负重区缺损以及伴有炎症的软骨缺损。不同的病理机制导致不同类型的关节软骨缺损。促进软骨细胞的增殖、诱导干细胞分化为软骨细胞以及调节软骨细胞的分泌是修复不同类型软骨缺损的共同需求,除此之外,治疗不同类型的缺损还各有侧重点。
背景:关节软骨属于透明软骨,自我修复能力差,传统疗法只能使缺损处再生出纤维软骨,无法彻底修复关节软骨缺损,故需一种可以再生出透明软骨的疗法修复缺损。根据关节软骨的缺损深度、部位以及是否伴随炎症可将关节软骨缺损分类,不同类型的关节软骨缺损有不同的致病机制与治疗策略。富血小板血浆作为富含各种生长因子的自体血小板衍生物被广泛应用于关节软骨缺损的治疗,并且已被大量研究证明对多种类型关节软骨缺损均有较好的治疗效果。就目前而言,富血小板血浆疗法有望治愈关节软骨缺损。
目的:总结富血小板血浆的制备、储存以及激活方式,分析富血小板血浆所具性质是否满足不同类型关节软骨缺损的治疗需求,综述富血小板血浆对不同类型关节软骨缺损的治疗作用。
方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网数据库,中文检索词为“富血小板血浆,关节软骨,制备,机制,软骨缺损”,英文检索词为“platelet-rich plasma,articular cartilage, prepraration, mechanism, full-thickness cartilage defect,osteochondral defect,weight-bearing areas defect,hip,knee,ankle,osteoarthritis,rheumatoid arthritis”,检索建库至2021年8月发表的相关文献。共检索到相关文献225篇,按照纳入与排除标准,最终纳入90篇文献进行归纳总结。
结果与结论:富血小板血浆的性质可满足多种类型软骨缺损的治疗需求,包括含有多种高浓度生长因子、促进软骨细胞增殖、调节软骨基质分泌、促进干细胞增殖与分化、可形成具有一定强度的支架结构、减轻炎症、润滑粗糙关节面、降低体内免疫反应等。富血小板血浆对全层软骨缺损、骨软骨缺损、负重区软骨缺损、骨性关节炎、类风湿性关节炎均有较好的治疗作用。同时,富血小板血浆对这些关节软骨缺损的治疗作用提示其具有修复生长板缺损的可能性。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7033-9251(张紫钰)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 富血小板血浆, 关节软骨, 全层软骨缺损, 骨软骨缺损, 负重区软骨缺损, 骨性关节炎, 类风湿性关节炎

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Articular cartilage is a kind of hyaline cartilage that has poor self-repair ability. Traditional treatments can merely regenerate fibrocartilage in the defect area but not completely repair a cartilage defect. Hence, it is necessary to explore an effective therapy for cartilage defects through regenerating hyaline cartilage. Platelet-rich plasma is an autologous platelet-rich extract containing various growth factors that has been widely applied in the treatment of articular cartilage defects currently and has shown beneficial therapeutic effects on various types of articular cartilage defects. At present, platelet-rich plasma therapy is a promising treatment for articular cartilage defects.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the preparation, storage and activation of platelet-rich plasma, analyze the properties of platelet-rich plasma in treating different types of articular cartilage defects, and discuss the therapeutic effects of platelet-rich plasma in treating articular cartilage defects.
METHODS: Related articles were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI using the keywords of “platelet-rich plasma, articular cartilage, prepraration, mechanism, full-thickness cartilage defect, osteochondral defect, weight-bearing areas defect, hip, knee, ankle, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis in English and Chinese. The search time was from database inception to August 2021. Initially 225 articles were searched and 90 eligible articles were included in final analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Platelet-rich plasma contains high concentrations of growth factors that can play roles in promoting chondrocyte proliferation, regulating cartilage matrix secretion, inducing stem cell proliferation and differentiation, forming a strong scaffold structure, reducing inflammation, lubricating rough articular surface and reducing immune response in vivo, which can meet the requirements for treating various types of cartilage defects. Platelet rich plasma has a good therapeutic effect on full-thickness cartilage defects, osteochondral defects, weight-bearing area cartilage defects, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Platelet-rich plasma also has the potential to treat growth plate defects considering its curative effects on these abnormal conditions.

Key words: platelet-rich plasma, articular cartilage, full-thickness cartilage defect, osteochondral defect, weight-bearing area defect, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis

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