中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (22): 3514-3520.doi: 10.12307/2023.372

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换联合氨甲环酸的有效与安全性

程建军1,丁  亚1,董  磊1,潘  檀1,李兴龙1,于海洋1,2,王宏亮1   

  1. 1蚌埠医学院附属阜阳医院(阜阳市人民医院),安徽省阜阳市   236000;2安徽省脊柱畸形临床医学研究中心,安徽省阜阳市   236000
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-26 接受日期:2022-06-20 出版日期:2023-08-08 发布日期:2022-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 于海洋,主任医师,蚌埠医学院附属阜阳医院(阜阳市人民医院)骨科,安徽省阜阳市 236000;安徽省脊柱畸形临床医学研究中心,安徽省阜阳市 236000 王宏亮,主任医师,蚌埠医学院附属阜阳医院(阜阳市人民医院)骨科,安徽省阜阳市 236000
  • 作者简介:程建军,男,1995年生,安徽省亳州市人,汉族,硕士,医师,主要从事关节置换、骨性关节炎研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2022年度安徽省脊柱畸形临床医学研究中心医疗创新基金(AHJZJX-GG2022-003),项目负责人:王宏亮

Efficacy and safety of combined use of tranexamic acid in total knee arthroplasty

Cheng Jianjun1, Ding Ya1, Dong Lei1, Pan Tan1, Li Xinglong1, Yu Haiyang1, 2, Wang Hongliang1   

  1. 1Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College (Fuyang People’s Hospital), Fuyang 236000, Anhui Province, China; 2Anhui Provincial Spinal Deformity Clinical Research Center, Fuyang 236000, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2022-04-26 Accepted:2022-06-20 Online:2023-08-08 Published:2022-11-02
  • Contact: Yu Haiyang, Chief physician, Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College (Fuyang People’s Hospital), Fuyang 236000, Anhui Province, China; Anhui Provincial Spinal Deformity Clinical Research Center, Fuyang 236000, Anhui Province, China Wang Hongliang, Chief physician, Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College (Fuyang People’s Hospital), Fuyang 236000, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Cheng Jianjun, Master, Physician, Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College (Fuyang People’s Hospital), Fuyang 236000, Anhui Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Medical Innovation Fund of Anhui Provincial Spinal Deformity Clinical Medical Research Center in 2022, No. AHJZJX-GG2022-003 (to WHL)

摘要:


文题释义:

全膝关节置换:就是用人工生物材料来置换膝关节病变的软骨和骨,通过切除磨损破坏的关节面,用新的人工材料来替代。所以,全膝关节置换又被称为膝关节表面置换,通过全膝关节置换可以重建下肢力线,膝关节骨关节炎会产生力线的改变。
氨甲环酸:是一种抗纤溶蛋白溶解氨基酸,为临床上常用的抗凝药物之一,能竞争性地对抗纤溶酶激活因子,抑制纤溶酶原转变为纤溶酶,并可抑制纤溶酶的蛋白溶解活性。

背景:全膝关节置换中使用氨甲环酸可降低围术期失血量,但对于氨甲环酸给药途径与给药剂量的最佳选择仍然存在争议。
目的:探讨使用氨甲环酸减少全膝关节置换围术期失血的有效性及安全性。
方法:选择2020年1月至2021年12月在蚌埠医学院附属阜阳医院(阜阳市人民医院)进行全膝关节置换的患者261例,男61例,女200例,年龄(68.0±7.1)岁,其中85例手术切开皮肤前与缝合切口时各静脉滴注氨甲环酸1 g(静脉组);115例手术切开皮肤前静脉滴注氨甲环酸1 g,术后缝合切口时关节腔注射氨甲环酸1 g(联合组);61例不使用氨甲环酸(空白组)。记录患者失血量,收集术后血液检验学检测结果,统计术后并发症及输血情况,所有患者均随访至术后1个月。
结果与结论:①与空白组相比,静脉组、联合组患者围术期总失血量、隐性失血量明显降低(P < 0.05),静脉组与联合组患者围术期总失血量、隐性失血量比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②3组患者术中出血量、术后静脉血栓发病率比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),静脉组、联合组输血率低于空白组(P < 0.05);③静脉组、联合组患者术后第1,3天的血红蛋白水平均高于空白组(P < 0.05),静脉组、联合组患者术后第1天的血小板计数高于空白组(P < 0.05);静脉组、联合组术后第1天的白细胞计数低于空白组(P < 0.05),静脉组术后第1天的白细胞计数低于联合组(P < 0.05);静脉组、联合组术后第1天的血沉、C-反应蛋白水平均低于空白组(P < 0.05),静脉组术后第1天的血沉、C-反应蛋白水平低于联合组(P < 0.05);④结果表明,在全膝关节置换中,静脉与关节内腔注射均为氨甲环酸有效使用途径,静脉与关节腔内注射不具有协同效应。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7765-3681 (程建军) 

关键词: 全膝关节置换, 氨甲环酸, 膝关节骨性关节炎, 静脉注射, 局部注射, 失血量, 静脉血栓, 血红蛋白, 炎症反应

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of tranexamic acid in total knee arthroplasty can reduce perioperative blood loss, but the optimal choice of tranexamic acid administration route and dose remains controversial.  
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in reducing perioperative blood loss in patients with total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS: 261 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty in Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College (Fuyang People’s Hospital) from January 2020 to December 2021 were enrolled, including 61 males and 200 females, at the age of (68.0±7.1) years. Among them, 85 cases received intravenous infusion of tranexamic acid 1 g before skin incision and when the incision was sutured (intravenous group); 115 cases received intravenous infusion of tranexamic acid 1 g before skin incision, and 1 g of tranexamic acid was given intravenously when the incision was sutured after surgery (combined group); 61 cases did not use tranexamic acid (blank group). Blood loss of the patients was recorded; blood laboratory data of the patients were collected after surgery; postoperative complications and blood transfusion were counted. All patients were followed up to 1 month after the operation.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the blank group, the total blood loss and invisible blood loss during the perioperative period in the intravenous group and the combined group were significantly lower (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the total blood loss and invisible blood loss between the intravenous group and the combined group during the perioperative period (P > 0.05). (2) There was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss and postoperative venous thrombosis incidence among the three groups (P > 0.05). The blood transfusion rate in the intravenous group and the combined group was lower than that in the blank group (P < 0.05). (3) The hemoglobin levels of patients in the intravenous group and the combined group were higher than those in the blank group on days 1 and 3 after operation (P < 0.05). The platelet counts in the intravenous group and the combined group were higher than those in the blank group on the first day after operation (P < 0.05). The leukocyte count of the intravenous group and the combined group on the first day after operation was lower than that of the blank group (P < 0.05). The leukocyte count in the intravenous group on the first day after operation was lower than that in the combined group (P < 0.05). The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level of the intravenous group and the combined group on the first day after operation were lower than those of the blank group (P < 0.05). The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level in the intravenous group on the first day after operation were lower than those in the combined group (P < 0.05). (4) These results have suggested that intravenous injection and intra-articular injection are both effective ways of using tranexamic acid, and intravenous injection and intra-articular injection have no synergistic effect.

Key words: total knee arthroplasty, tranexamic acid, knee osteoarthrosis, intravenous injection, local injection, blood loss, venous thrombosis, hemoglobin, inflammatory response

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