中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (13): 1993-1999.doi: 10.12307/2022.323

• 脐带脐血干细胞 umbilical cord blood stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

非血缘脐血移植治疗恶性血液病发生移植物抗宿主病与移植物抗白血病效应分离的机制

徐安慧,林秀秀,张旭晗,宋闿迪,孙光宇,汤宝林,孙自敏,郑昌成   

  1. 中国科学技术大学附属第一医院血液科,安徽省合肥市  230001
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-13 修回日期:2021-01-16 接受日期:2021-03-06 出版日期:2022-05-08 发布日期:2021-12-18
  • 通讯作者: 郑昌成,博士,教授,主任医师,博士生导师,中国科学技术大学附属第一医院血液科,安徽省合肥市 230001 孙自敏,教授,主任医师,博士生导师,中国科学技术大学附属第一医院血液科,安徽省合肥市 230001
  • 作者简介:徐安慧,女,1995年生,安徽省亳州市人,汉族,中国科学技术大学在读硕士,主要从事造血干细胞移植的移植物抗宿主病与移植物抗白血病效应分离的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(WK9110000003),项目负责人:郑昌成

Mechanism of separation of graft-versus-host disease and graft versus leukemia in unrelated cord blood transplantation for hematological malignancies

Xu Anhui, Lin Xiuxiu, Zhang Xuhan, Song Kaidi, Sun Guangyu, Tang Baolin, Sun Zimin, Zheng Changcheng   

  1. Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2021-01-13 Revised:2021-01-16 Accepted:2021-03-06 Online:2022-05-08 Published:2021-12-18
  • Contact: Zheng Changcheng, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China Sun Zimin, Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Xu Anhui, Master candidate, Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China, No. WK9110000003 (to ZCC)

摘要:

文题释义:
造血干细胞移植:是指患者首先经过大剂量放化疗或者其他免疫抑制剂预处理方案,以清除患者体内的肿瘤细胞和异常增殖的细胞,随后再转输自体或者异体供者的造血干细胞给患者,使得患者的造血和免疫功能重建,从而达到治疗恶性血液疾病的一种手段。
脐血移植:由于脐血中含有大量的干/祖细胞,细胞处于naïve状态,可随时获得,对人类白细胞抗原匹配程度要求不高,以及较低的移植物抗宿主病发病率等优点,脐血逐渐成为造血干细胞移植治疗血液病患者的最佳来源。

背景:国内外多项临床研究均表明非血缘脐血移植相对于外周血干细胞或骨髓移植,不仅具有较低的移植物抗宿主病发生率,并且疾病复发率也明显降低,具有较强的移植物抗白血病效应,是临床上分离移植物抗宿主病和移植物抗白血病效应的模型之一。非血缘脐血移植后免疫细胞如何分化,为何具有较强的移植物抗白血病效应,目前机制尚不清楚。
目的:回顾性分析非血缘脐血移植患者长期临床随访资料,并探讨非血缘脐血移植后优势细胞亚群及分化、相关活化与抑制分子的表达情况,进一步探讨非血缘脐血移植后移植物抗宿主病与移植物抗白血病效应分离的机制。
方法:2012-07-01/2017-06-31在中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)接受造血干细胞移植治疗的成人恶性血液病患者154例,其中非血缘脐血移植93例,同胞外周血干细胞移植61例。通过收取非血缘脐血移植和外周血干细胞移植患者的骨髓标本,重点对非血缘脐血移植患者T细胞相关免疫特征进行研究,探讨非血缘脐血移植临床移植物抗宿主病与移植物抗白血病效应的分离现象。
结果与结论:①经过中位61个月(42-99个月)的长期随访,非血缘脐血移植组5年慢性移植物抗宿主病发生率、5年移植后疾病复发率明显低于同胞外周血干细胞移植组(P=0.003);整合Ⅲ-Ⅳ度移植物抗宿主病、广泛性慢性移植物抗宿主病以及疾病复发、5年无移植物抗宿主病及无疾病复发生存,非血缘脐血移植组明显高于外周血干细胞移植组(P=0.038)。②非血缘脐血移植组CD3+T细胞明显高于外周血干细胞移植组(P=0.04)。非血缘脐血移植组CD3+CD4+T细胞亚群比例低于外周血干细胞移植组;非血缘脐血移植组CD3+CD8+细胞亚群比例高于外周血干细胞移植组;非血缘脐血移植组CD4+CD80+T细胞低于外周血干细胞移植组(P=0.089),且非血缘脐血移植组CD4+PD-1+T细胞高于外周血干细胞移植组。非血缘脐血移植组CD8+CD80+T细胞高于外周血干细胞移植组。③结果表明,非血缘脐血移植患者具有较低的慢性移植物抗宿主病发生率和疾病复发率,呈现移植物抗宿主病与移植物抗白血病效应分离现象。免疫功能检测表明非血缘脐血移植组T细胞比例相对较高并且以CD8+T细胞为主,可能是非血缘脐血移植产生较强移植物抗白血病效应的机制之一。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1976-6415(郑昌成) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 脐血, 外周血干细胞, 移植, 移植物抗宿主病, 移植物抗白血病效应, T细胞, 免疫功能

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Numerous clinical studies in and outside China have shown that unrelated cord blood transplantation has a lower incidence of graft-versus-host disease compared with peripheral blood stem cell or bone marrow transplantation, and the recurrence rate of the disease is also markedly reduced. It has a strong graft versus leukemia effect and is one of the models for clinically separating graft-versus-host disease and graft versus leukemia effect. How the immune cells differentiate after unrelated cord blood transplantation and why the transplant has a strong graft versus leukemia effect; the mechanism is still unclear. 
OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze the long-term clinical follow-up data of unrelated cord blood transplantation patients, investigate dominant cell subsets and differentiation, related activation and expression of inhibitory molecules after unrelated cord blood transplantation, and further explore the mechanism of graft-versus-host disease and graft versus leukemia separation of unrelated cord blood transplantation.  
METHODS: From July 1, 2012 to June 31, 2017, 154 adult patients with hematologic malignancies received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, including 93 cases of unrelated cord blood transplantation and 61 cases of sibling peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. The immune characteristics of T cells in patients with unrelated cord blood transplantation were studied by collecting bone marrow samples from patients with unrelated cord blood transplantation and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, and the separation of clinical graft-versus-host disease and graft versus leukemia effect in unrelated cord blood transplantation was investigated.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) After a median follow-up of 61 months (42-99 months), the 5-year prevalence of chronic graft-versus-host disease and five year-relapse in unrelated cord blood transplantation group were significantly lower than those in peripheral blood stem cell transplantation group (P=0.003). Integration of III-IV graft-versus-host disease, extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease and disease recurrence, 5-year graft-versus-host disease-free and disease-free survival were significantly higher in the unrelated cord blood transplantation group than those in the peripheral blood stem cell transplantation group (P=0.038). (2) The percentage of CD3+ T cells was significantly higher in unrelated cord blood transplantation group than that in the peripheral blood stem cell transplantation group (P=0.04). The percentage of CD3+CD4+ T cell subsets in unrelated cord blood transplantation group was lower than that in the peripheral blood stem cell transplantation group. The percentage of CD3+CD8+ cell subsets in unrelated cord blood transplantation group was higher than that in the peripheral blood stem cell transplantation group. The percentage of CD4+CD80+ T cells in unrelated cord blood transplantation group was lower than that in the peripheral blood stem cell transplantation group (P=0.089). The percentage of CD4+PD-1+ T cells in the unrelated cord blood transplantation group was higher than that in the peripheral blood stem cell transplantation group. The percentage of CD8+CD80+ T cells in the unrelated cord blood transplantation group was higher than that in the peripheral blood stem cell transplantation group. (3) The results suggest that unrelated cord blood transplantation patients not only have lower chronic graft-versus-host disease, but also have lower disease recurrence rate, showing the separation of graft-versus-host disease and graft versus leukemia. Immune function test showed that the proportion of T cells in unrelated cord blood transplantation group was relatively high, and CD8+ T cells were the dominant subset, which may be one of the mechanisms of strong graft versus leukemia effect of unrelated cord blood transplantation.  

Key words: cord blood, peripheral blood stem cell, transplantation, graft-versus-host disease, graft versus leukemia, T cells, immune function

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