中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (33): 5395-5403.doi: 10.12307/2021.333

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

内轴型和后稳定型全膝关节置换假体的应用优势比较的Meta分析

谷明西,朱雨农,田丰德,安  宁,王常成,郭  林   

  1. 大连大学附属中山医院骨二科,辽宁省大连市   116001
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-24 修回日期:2020-12-31 接受日期:2021-01-08 出版日期:2021-11-28 发布日期:2021-08-06
  • 通讯作者: 郭林,主任医师,教授,博士,硕士生导师,科主任,大连大学附属中山医院骨二科,辽宁省大连市 116001
  • 作者简介:谷明西,男,1992年生,河南省濮阳市人,汉族,大连大学在读硕士,主要从事关节损伤方面的研究。

Medial pivot versus posterior stabilized prostheses for total knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis

Gu Mingxi, Zhu Yunong, Tian Fengde, An Ning, Wang Changcheng, Guo Lin   

  1. Second Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2020-12-24 Revised:2020-12-31 Accepted:2021-01-08 Online:2021-11-28 Published:2021-08-06
  • Contact: Guo Lin, Chief physician, Professor, MD, Master’s supervisor, Second Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Gu Mingxi, Master candidate, Second Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
全膝关节置换内轴型假体:全膝关节置换是终末期骨关节病患者的最常用治疗方法,与后稳定型假体相比,理论上内轴型假体使用最接近膝关节解剖形态的股骨假体设计,能够最大程度恢复正常的膝关节活动和稳定性,但临床上多数研究发现两者间并无显著差异。
患者报告的结局指标:是指将患者报告成果作为重点,主要突出患者主观感受的一种结局指标。
目的:内轴型假体与后稳定型假体在全膝关节置换后临床疗效方面仍存在争议。文章旨在通过Meta分析比较两组假体置换后主要临床结局指标的差异。
方法:检索PubMed、Medline、Cochrane Library和中国知网数据库有关内轴型假体和后稳定型假体用于全膝关节置换疗效对比的临床对照研究。检索时限为各数据库建库日期至2020年9月。由2名研究人员独立检索文献和提取数据,随机对照试验的质量评价采用Cochrane 协作网的随机对照试验偏倚风险评估工具,非随机临床对照试验使用NOS量表进行质量评估,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行统计分析。
结果:最终纳入18项临床对照研究,共计纳入全膝关节置换患膝3 025个。Meta分析结果显示,相比于全膝关节置换时选用后稳定假体,采用内轴型假体在膝关节KSS评分方面获改善更大(MD=0.81,95%CI:0.36-1.86,P=0.02);放射学结果显示,两组假体之间,内轴型假体的股骨冠倾角α更符合最佳解剖角度(MD=-0.80,95%CI:-1.49至-0.11,P=0.02);内轴型假体在置换后总体并发症的发生率更低(MD=
-0.56,95%CI:0.34-0.97,P=0.03),而在置换后活动范围、膝关节功能KSFS评分、牛津OKS评分、特种外科医院HSS评分、骨关节炎WOMAC指数、人工关节被遗忘FJS指数及翻修率等方面均无显著差异。
结论:相较于选用后稳定设计,采用内轴型设计的假体在全膝关节置换后膝关节KSS评分方面的改善更大,总体并发症的发生率更低,具有更佳的矢状稳定性,更符合生理功能解剖。此次Meta分析基于有限的数据,仍存在一定的局限性,还需要更多更高质量的研究验证结果。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7922-0564 (谷明西) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 关节, 膝, 膝关节, 假体, 关节置换, 全膝关节置换, 内轴型假体, 后稳定型假体, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Medial pivot and posterior stabilized prostheses are still controversial in terms of clinical outcomes after total knee arthroplasty. The aim of this study was to compare the differences in the main clinical outcome measures after surgery between the two groups of prostheses using meta-analysis. 
METHODS: PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched for studies comparing the efficacy of medial pivot prosthesis and posterior stabilized prosthesis for total knee arthroplasty. The search period was from the date of database establishment to September 2020. Two researchers independently searched the literature and extracted the data. The quality of randomized controlled trials was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing the risk of bias of randomized controlled trials. The quality of non-randomized controlled clinical trials was assessed using the NOS scale. RevMan 5.3 software was used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS: Finally, 18 controlled clinical trials were included, totally 3 025 knees for total knee arthroplasty. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with the selection of posterior stable prosthesis in total knee arthroplasty, the use of medial pivot prosthesis improved the Knee Society Score (MD=0.81, 95%CI:0.36−1.86, P=0.02). Radiographic results showed that the femoral crown inclination angle α of the medial pivot prosthesis was more in line with the optimal anatomical angle between the two groups of prostheses (MD=−0.80, 95%CI: −1.49 to −0.11, P=0.02). Medial pivot prosthesis had a lower incidence of overall postoperative complications (MD=−0.56, 95%CI: 0.34−0.97, P=0.03), while there were no significant differences in the postoperative range of motion, Knee Society Functional score, Oxford Knee scores, Hospital for Special Surgery knee Score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Forgotten Joint Score, and revision rate.  
CONCLUSION: Compared with the selection of posterior stable prosthesis, the improvement of KSS score after total knee arthroplasty using medial pivot prosthesis has lower incidence rate of overall complications, better vectorial stability and more physiological function anatomy. This meta-analysis is based on limited data, still has some limitations, and more and higher quality studies are needed to verify the results.

Key words: joint, knee, knee joint, prosthesis, joint arthroplasty, total knee arthroplasty, medial pivot prosthesis, posterior stabilized prosthesis, meta-analysis

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