中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (33): 5335-5340.doi: 10.12307/2021.323

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

动力髋螺钉或股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗老年稳定型股骨转子间骨折失败后哪种更适合髋关节置换?

张天一1,毛凯歌2,董  巍1,李立新1,孔繁林1,朱  军1,樊国峰1   

  1. 1河北中石油中心医院骨科,河北省廊坊市   065000;2大连医科大学,辽宁省大连市   116044
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-28 修回日期:2021-01-30 接受日期:2021-03-13 出版日期:2021-11-28 发布日期:2021-08-05
  • 通讯作者: 樊国峰,硕士生导师,主任医师,河北中石油中心医院骨科,河北省廊坊市 065000
  • 作者简介:张天一,男,1987年生,河北省廊坊市人,汉族,2013年大连大学毕业,硕士,主治医师。 毛凯歌,男,1995年生,辽宁省鞍山市人,汉族,2019年大连医科大学毕业,大连医科大学在读硕士。
  • 基金资助:
    河北省廊坊市科技局项目(2017013045),项目负责人:董巍

Which is more suitable for conversion to hip arthroplasty after failure of dynamic hip screws or proximal femoral nail anti-rotation for stable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly?

Zhang Tianyi1, Mao Kaige2, Dong Wei1, Li Lixin1, Kong Fanlin1, Zhu Jun1, Fan Guofeng1   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Hebei Petro China Center Hospital, Langfang 065000, Hebei Province, China; 2Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2021-01-28 Revised:2021-01-30 Accepted:2021-03-13 Online:2021-11-28 Published:2021-08-05
  • Contact: Fan Guofeng, Master’s supervisor, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Hebei Petro China Center Hospital, Langfang 065000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Tianyi, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Hebei Petro China Center Hospital, Langfang 065000, Hebei Province, China Mao Kaige, Master candidate, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Project of Science and Technology Bureau of Langfang of Hebei Province, No. 2017013045 (to DW)

摘要:

文题释义:
动力髋螺钉:具有加压和滑动双重功能,允许近端骨折块压缩,使骨折端自动靠拢并获得稳定,治疗稳定型股骨转子间骨折具有早期活动和负重的优点,为股骨转子间骨折的常用标准固定方法。
股骨近端防旋髓内钉:指在股骨近端髓内钉系统增加1枚近端防旋螺钉,它使近端骨折固定更加牢固,同时远端锁定螺栓距钉尾较远,是专门针对老年骨质疏松患者研制的新型髓内固定系统。
背景:动力髋螺钉与股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗股骨转子间骨折的预后比较之前已有许多学者进行过讨论,然而目前尚缺乏对两种术式内固定失败后转为髋关节置换的长期预后对比性研究。
目的:比较动力髋螺钉与股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗稳定型股骨转子间骨折失败后转为髋关节置换后的长期临床效果。
方法:在2012年1月至2017年4月期间,作者回顾性分析了在河北中石油中心医院接受治疗的102例老年患者资料,其中动力髋螺钉组50例为动力髋螺钉治疗稳定型股骨转子间骨折失败后转为髋关节置换治疗组,股骨近端防旋髓内钉组52例为股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗稳定型股骨转子间骨折失败后转为髋关节置换治疗。比较两组术后至少3年的临床指标(Harris评分)和影像学结果。
结果与结论:①两组患者手术均顺利完成,术中均未发生神经及血管损伤;②两组患者在年龄、性别、内固定失败原因、ASA分级、固定股骨方式、随诊时间及股骨转子间骨折分型方面均无显著性差异(P > 0.05);③两组患者术前及术后每次随访时髋关节Harris评分均无显著性差异(P > 0.05);④动力髋螺钉组术后总体并发症发生率为48.0%(24/50),而股骨近端防旋髓内钉组为21.2%(11/52),两组间差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);末次随访时,动力髋螺钉组骨科并发症发生率为32.0%(16/50),而股骨近端防旋髓内钉组为13.7%(7/52),两组差异有显著性意义(P=0.025);⑤动力髋螺钉组中术后假体周围骨折为9例,股骨近端防旋髓内钉组中术后假体周围骨折为2例,两组间差异有显著性意义(P=0.021);⑥上述结果证实,动力髋螺钉治疗失败后转为髋关节置换治疗比股骨近端防旋髓内钉失败后转为髋关节置换治疗有更高的骨科并发症发生率,其中尤以假体周围骨折最为明显,故股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定失败后比动力髋螺钉内固定失败后更适合采用髋关节置换治疗。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6553-2516 (张天一) ;https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5629-6424 (毛凯歌) ;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0694-9562 (樊国峰) 
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 髋, 关节, 髋关节置换, 股骨转子间骨折, 股骨近端防旋髓内钉, 动力髋螺钉, 内固定失败, 假体周围骨折

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The prognosis of dynamic hip screws versus proximal rotation-proof intramedullary nailing for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures has been discussed previously. However, there is a lack of comparative long-term prognostic studies on the conversion to hip arthroplasty after failure of internal fixation with both procedures.  
OBJECTIVE: To compare the long-term clinical outcomes after conversion to hip arthroplasty following failed treatment of stable intertrochanteric fractures with dynamic hip screws versus proximal femoral nail anti-rotation.
METHODS:  Between January 2012 and April 2017, data of 102 elderly patients treated at Hebei Petro China Center Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Fifty of these patients were included in the dynamic hip screws group, which was the group converted to treatment with conversion to hip arthroplasty after failure of dynamic hip screw for stable femoral intertrochanteric fractures, and 52 in the proximal femoral nail anti-rotation group, which was the group converted to treatment with conversion to hip arthroplasty after failure of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation for stable femoral intertrochanteric fractures. Clinical indicators (Harris score) and imaging results at least 3 years after surgery were compared between the two groups.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The surgery was completed successfully in both groups, and no nerve or vascular injury occurred intraoperatively in either group. (2) There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, gender, cause of internal fixation failure, ASA grading, mode of fixation of the femur, follow-up time and fracture typing of the intertrochanteric fracture of the femur (P > 0.05). (3) There was no significant difference in the Harris score of the hip joint before and after each follow-up between the two groups of patients (P > 0.05). (4) The overall postoperative complication rate was 48.0% (24/50) in the dynamic hip screws group compared to 21.2% (11/52) in the proximal femoral nail anti-rotation group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The incidence of orthopedic complications was 32.0% (16/50) in the dynamic hip screws group compared to 13.7% (7/52) in the proximal femoral nail anti-rotation group at the time of final follow-up, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.025). (9) Nine postoperative periprosthetic fractures were noted in the dynamic hip screws group compared to two in the proximal femoral nail anti-rotation group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.021). (6) Above results confirm that conversion to hip arthroplasty after failed dynamic hip screws treatment has a higher orthopedic complication rate than conversion to hip arthroplasty after failed proximal femoral nail anti-rotation, especially periprosthetic fractures. Thus, conversion to hip arthroplasty is more suitable for treatment after failed internal fixation in proximal femoral nail anti-rotation than after failed internal fixation in dynamic hip screws.

Key words: hip, joint, hip replacement, intertrochanteric fracture, proximal femoral nail anti-rotation, dynamic hip screw, internal fixation failure, periprosthetic fracture

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