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29 January 2014, Volume 18 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effect of Jianxi Qianggu Pill on the pathological changes of articular cartilage in knee osteoarthritis rabbits Su Da-ming, Zhao Jun-hua, Huang Zhi-yuan, Li Da-lian, Liu Jian-jun, Wang Min, Li Hua 2014, 18 (5):  657-662.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.001 Abstract ( 532 )   PDF (2324KB) ( 414 )   Save BACKGROUND: Knee osteoarthritis is characterized by inreversible pathological changes, belonging to arthragia syndrome. The goal of the treatment is to release or relieve symptoms and delay joint degeneration. Jianxi Qianggu Pill is an empirical formula developed by the Third People’s Hospital of Jingzhou, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, China. This prescription can nourish liver and kidney, eliminate wind and disperse cold, expel wet and dredge the collaterals, consolidate bone and reinforce knee.  OBJECTIVE: To observe the protective effect of Jianxi Qianggu Pill on joint cartilage and expression of bone morphogenetic protein 7 in rabbits with knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: A total of 36 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, with 12 ones in each. The involved rabbits were applied to establish the model of knee osteoarthritis by using the modified Hulth’s method. At 6 weeks after modeling, the drug group was given 0.1 g/kg Jianxi Qianggu Pill via intragastric administration, while model group and normal control group received equal volume of saline. At 4 weeks after drug administration, rabbit articular cartilage was evaluated with Mankin’s scoring method. The cartilage morphology was observed under electron microscopy, and bone morphogenetic protein 7 expression was detected using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The pathological degeneration degree of articular cartilage in the drug group was significantly lighter, and bone morphogenetic protein 7 expression was significantly higher than the other two groups (P < 0.05). Experimental findings indicate that, Jianxi Qianggu Pill can promote the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 7 in articular cartilage of knee osteoarthritis rabbits, thereby promoting articular cartilage regeneration and reducing cartilage deformation or necrosis for the treatment of arthritis. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Medical TH adhesive embolism for establishing a rabbit model of ischemic necrosis of lunate bone Lu Yun-xiang, Chen Yu-xian, Zhuang Ze, Ren Jian-hua, Peng You, Shi De-hai, Wang Kun, Li Zhi-yong 2014, 18 (5):  663-668.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.002 Abstract ( 416 )   PDF (2385KB) ( 749 )   Save BACKGROUND: Kienböck disease lacks of suitable animal models, which are similar to the pathological process of avascular necrosis of human lunate bone. OBJECTIVE: To establish a new animal model of Kienböck disease using medical TH adhesive embolism and to explore the rationality of model establishment. METHODS:A total of 30 healthy adult New Zealand rabbits, male or female, were selected. Using self-control method, the rabbits were randomly assigned to experimental sides and control sides. By drilling in the center of the lunate bone, 0.2 mL of medical TH glue was injected three times. An equal volume of physiological saline was injected into the center of the lunate bone on the control side. X-ray examination, general observation, Micro-CT measurement of bone, and tissue pathology detection were conducted at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Gross specimen, X-ray and histological results showed that ischemic necrosis of the lunate bone on the experimental side was visible at 8 weeks after model induction. The ischemic necrosis of the lunate bone became more typical at 12 weeks. Among the Micro-CT microscopic parameters of trabecular bone, trabecular bone density parameters bone volume fraction and the number of trabecular bone were significantly lower on the experimental side than those on the control side (P < 0.05). Spatial parameters of trabecular bone significantly increased. Trabecular separation and structure model index on the experimental  side were significantly greater than those on the control side. Results suggested that ischemic necrosis of the lunate bone appeared on the experimental side at 8 weeks after injection of medical TH glue. Rabbit models of ischemic necrosis of the lunate bone can be established at 12 weeks. Thus, alterations, which were similar to ischemic necrosis of human lunate bone, appeared, such as blood transportation damage in the lunate bone, trabecular bone fracture, and empty lacuna, when surrounding tissues were not obviously injured. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of cyclic stretch on in vitro culture-tensile stimulation models of myoblasts Zhang Qiang, Wang Hong-ling, Ding Xian, Xia Chen-lei, Liu Li-juan, Wang Shuang-yu, Li Jian-ping, He Miao, Sun Wen-na, Yan Xiao, Liu Wen, Zhang Yue, Yao Ru-yong, Yuan Xiao 2014, 18 (5):  669-674.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.003 Abstract ( 452 )   PDF (795KB) ( 572 )   Save BACKGROUND: Endoplasmic reticulum stress participates in the occurrence and development of many diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and Alzheimer’s disease. GRP78 is a marker of endoplasmic reticulum stress. The expression of GRP78 reflects the degree of endoplasmic reticulum stress. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of cyclic stretch on GRP78 expression of L6 rat myoblasts, and to identify the relationship between cyclic stretch and endoplasmic reticulum stress. METHODS: In vitro culture-tensile stimulation models of myoblasts of L6 rats were established successfully. The expression of GRP78 of myoblasts exposed to cyclic stretch was determined by reverse transcription-PCR and western blot assay. Stretch groups were subjected to 15% surface elongation at a frequency of 10 cycles per minute, over a period of 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours. Cells were simultaneously seeded on a plate in the control and experimental groups with no stimulation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression of GRP78 mRNA was continuously elevated over time after stretched treatment, and significant differences were detected as compared with the control group (P < 0.05). GRP78 protein expression began to increase at 1 hour after stretched treatment, was significantly increased at 6 hours, peaked at 24 hours, and significant differences were visible as compared with the control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, cyclic stretch induced the occurrence of endoplasmic reticulum stress, which was enhanced with prolonged time. However, prolonged stretch caused severe endoplasmic reticulum stress and leaded to apoptosis of myoblasts. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Response of gastric-related neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus to acupuncture at Neiguan and Zusanli in a rat model of gastric distension Chen Shu, Yong Chun-yan, Chen Heng, Chu Xiao, Zhang Chao, Tan Cheng, Ye Lan, Li Jiang-shan 2014, 18 (5):  675-680.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.004 Abstract ( 402 )   PDF (838KB) ( 539 )   Save BACKGROUND: Previous studies concerning neuromechanism of acupuncture for regulating gastric function mainly focused on peripheral nerve, involving in central nervous system. In particular, there are few studies addressing higher central nervous system. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of acupuncture at Neiguan (PC6) and Zusanli (ST36) on gastric-related neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. METHODS: Using microelectrode extracellular recording technique, gastric related neurons in the paraventricular nucleus were found in gastric distension rats. Stimulation was conducted for 30 seconds by hand acupuncture at Neiguan and Zusanli. The effects of acupuncture on gastric-related neurons in the paraventricular nucleus were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The discharge of 109 neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of 60 rats was recorded. A total of 56 gastric-related neurons of the 109 neurons were observed. The number of neurons response to acupunctures at Zusanli, Neiguan, Pishu (BL20) and Weishu (BL21) were respectively 44, 47, 29, and 33, with the reaction proportion of 78.57%, 83.47%, 51.79% and 58.93%. Results suggested that there exist gastric distension stimulation and acupuncture stimulations from neurons soma to visceral reaction in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, which simultaneously participates in the regulation of acupuncture on the gastric function. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of warm ischemia injury on mitochondrial morphology and function of rat donor liver after cardiac death Liu Shu-rong, Yu Bin, Jiao Bao-ping, Liu Yong-feng 2014, 18 (5):  681-686.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.005 Abstract ( 722 )   PDF (848KB) ( 578 )   Save BACKGROUND: How to control functional activity of donor liver after cardiac death and maintain the optimal function of grafts are the key issues in organ transplantation study. OBJECTIVE: To preliminarily explore the effect of warm ischemia injury on the morphology and function of rat donor liver after cardiac death. METHODS: Cardiac death model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats and the successful models were divided into six groups: control group (warm ischemia for 0 minute), warm ischemia 10 group (warm ischemia for 10 minutes), warm ischemia 20 group (warm ischemia for 20 minutes), warm ischemia 30 group (warm ischemia for 30 minutes), warm ischemia 40 group (warm ischemia for 40 minutes) and warm ischemia 50 group (warm ischemia for 50 minutes). The rat liver specimens in each group were cut into ultrathin sections. The structure of liver cells was observed and photographed by electron microscopy. Flameng score was applied to analyze the degree of mitochondrial damage. Liver mitochondria were extracted and then spectrophotometry was used to assess the viability of cytochrome C oxidase. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under electron microscopy, there were no significant changes in liver cells within 30 minutes of warm ischemia, nuclear membrane was intact, mitochondria mildly swelled, no mitochondrial crista ruptured, and Flameng score was < 2 points. With the extension of warm ischemia time, the cells became swelling, nuclear chromatin condensated, apoptotic body was clearly visible, mitochondrial matrix coagulated, mitochondria exhibited vacuolation, and Flameng score was 3-4 points. The viability of cytochrome C oxidase showed no significant difference within 30 minutes of warm ischemia, but began to significantly decrease at 40 and 50 minutes. The mitochondrial structure and function after liver injury is not obviously affected by 30 minutes of warm ischemia, and significant changes appear after 40 minutes. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mode and effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy for liver transplant recipients waiting for a liver transplant Su Jing-han, Wang Shu-yan, Liang Xue, Zhu Mei-ling, Qiao Shan, Yin Hong-ying 2014, 18 (5):  687-692.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.006 Abstract ( 459 )   PDF (695KB) ( 713 )   Save BACKGROUND: With the development and improvement of liver transplantation technology, patients waiting for or undergoing liver transplantation have continued to increase in number. Due to their fears and concerns about post-transplantation rehabilitation, patients are under physical and mental stress, most of whom are shown to have a variety of mental disorders that affect rehabilitation. At present, mental problems of liver transplant patients are more concentrated in post-transplantation research, while patients waiting for liver transplantation do not get enough mental assessment and intervention. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the suitable mode of cognitive-behavioral therapy for liver transplant recipients waiting for donor liver and to evaluate the effect to improve patient’s physical and mental state.  METHODS: Twelve liver transplant patients who underwent pre-transplantation assessment were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, each group with six cases. The control group received conventional treatment. The experimental group received cognitive-behavioral therapy in addition to conventional treatment. Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and vital signs were measured in the two groups on admission, 1 week and 3 weeks after admission.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The SAS score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group at 1 and 3 weeks after admission, and SAS score decreased as the intervention extended. The systolic blood pressure of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group at 3 weeks after admission, but there was no significant difference in diastolic blood pressure between two groups. The heart rate of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group at 1 and 3 weeks after admission. The respiratory rate of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group at 3 weeks after admission. Cognitive-behavioral therapy can reduce the level of anxiety and keep vital signs stable with good feasibility and effectiveness in patients waiting for liver transplantation. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Diagnostic value of ultrasound for biliary complications after liver transplantation Bo Hua-ying, Xia Dao-zi, Zhang Yu-hong 2014, 18 (5):  693-698.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.007 Abstract ( 400 )   PDF (595KB) ( 390 )   Save BACKGROUND: Biliary complications after liver transplantation can cause liver graft dysfunction. Ultrasound examination is one of important diagnostic methods of biliary complications after liver transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of ultrasound in the diagnosis of biliary complications after liver transplantation. METHODS: A total of 92 patients after liver transplantation, including 81 males, 11 females, aged 21-67 years; allogenic orthotopic liver transplantation in 90 cases, partial living liver transplantation in 2 cases. Biliary reconstruction methods were end-to-end biliary anastomosis. Routine examination after liver transplantation and color Doppler ultrasound results were retrospectively analyzed. The inspection focused on whether common bile duct and intrahepatic bile duct had biliary leakage, biliary stenosis, biliary sludge or biliary calculus. Some patients underwent puncture and drainage under ultrasonographic guidance. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In all the 92 patients, 14 cases were diagnosed ultrasonically as biliary complications, including 5 cases of biliary leakage, 4 cases of biliary stenosis (2 cases of stomal stenosis and 2 cases of non-stomal stenosis), 4 cases of biliary sludge, and 1 case of biliary calculus. This study demonstrated that ultrasound characteristics could be easily recognized in liver transplantation patients with biliary complications. Ultrasound has very important clinical value in diagnosis of the biliary complications after liver transplantation. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Concomitant cardiac valve replacement and coronary artery bypass grafting Ma Song-feng, Cao Hui, Zheng Feng, Qiao Jun, Zhang Guo-ming 2014, 18 (5):  699-704.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.008 Abstract ( 740 )   PDF (624KB) ( 472 )   Save BACKGROUND: Heart valve surgery combined with coronary artery bypass grafting has been gradually used for treatment of coronary heart disease combined with cardiac valve disease. OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively summarize the experience of combined coronary artery bypass grafting and valvular procedure. METHODS: Totally 51 patients who underwent combined heart valve surgery and coronary artery bypass grafting were retrospectively analyzed, including 10 cases with aortic valve replacement, 14 cases with mitral valve replacement, eight cases with mitral valve replacement combined with tricuspid annuloplasty, four cases with aortic valve and mitral valve replacement, three cases with aortic valve and mitral valve replacement combined with tricuspid annuloplasty, seven cases with mitral valvuloplasty, and five cases with mitral valvuloplasty combined with tricuspid annuloplasty. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Biovalve replacement was performed in nine patients, mechanical valves replacement in 31 cases, mitral valvuloplasty in 11 cases and tricuspid annuloplasty in 16 cases. There were totally 109 bypass graft vessels, and the average number of coronary artery bypass grafts was (1.92±0.73) branches. Four cases died within 30 days postoperatively, and 47 patients were successfully discharged from the hospital. Forty-five of 47 discharging patients were followed for 3-48 months. One case died of cerebral infarction within 6 months postoperatively, and another case died of cardiac dysfunction over 1 year after operation. The heart function of 45 survival patients was significantly improved. The comprehensive analysis showed that improving the heart function preoperatively, strengthening myocardial protection, shortening operation and myocardial ischemia time, and complete revascularization are the key factors for successful operation. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Artificial chordae transplantation and saddle ring annuloplasty in the treatment of degenerative mitral regurgitation Han Jin-song, Wang Hui-shan, Yin Zong-tao, Han Hong-guang, Song Heng-chang 2014, 18 (5):  705-711.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.009 Abstract ( 638 )   PDF (707KB) ( 585 )   Save BACKGROUND: Artificial chordae transplantation and saddle ring annuloplasty are the key steps in mitral valvuloplasty. However, there are no large-size studies addressing the safety, validity and efficacy of these treatments in China. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the efficacy and safety of artificial chordae transplantation and saddle ring annuloplasty in the treatment of degenerative mitral regurgitation. METHODS: Eighty-five patients with degenerative mitral regurgitation underwent mitral valve repair with artificial chordae (Gore-Tex sutures) transplantation and saddle ring (SJMTM rigid saddle-shaped) annuloplasty from January 2009 to May 2013 in General Hospital of Shenyang Area Military Command, China. Operative technique included simple artificial chordae transplantation in 41 cases, artificial chordae transplantation plus quadrangular resection of the posterior leaflet in 22 cases, artificial chordae transplantation plus quadrangular resection of the posterior leaflet and sliding technique in 23 cases. All cases received saddle ring annuloplasty. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Follow-up after treatment was done among 78 patients for 6 months to 4 years, with a follow-up rate of 91.7% (78/85). Among the 78 cases, one case died of cerebral infarction after 13 months, one died from accident, and the remaining 76 were alive. According to the evaluation of cardiac function (NYHA), 59 cases were in grade I and 17 cases were in grade II. Color ultrasound displayed that, no regurgitation was found in 67 cases, and mild regurgitation in 9 cases. The echocardiography showed that postoperative left atrium diameter (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and the ratio of regurgitation beam area and left atrial area (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), mean pulmonary artery pressure (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) were significantly decreased compared with that before operation. Ejection fraction was significantly increased after operation (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). No systolic anterior motion occurred. The postoperative complications included sinus bradycardia in 12 cases and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in 25 cases, late cardiac tamponade in 1 case at 1 week postoperatively, and pacemarker implantation in 1 case (who exhibited bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome before operation). There was no ring rupture, ring avulsion, hemolysis, left ventricular outflow tract infarction and artificial chordae rupture or splitting. No cases needed reoperation on valve replacement. Application of artificial chordae transplantation and saddle ring annuloplasty is a safe and effective means for treating degenerative mitral regurgitation, with excellent midterm outcomes. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Continuous venovenous hemofiltration after cardiac valve replacement Zhao Xiao-juan, Liu Hong-bao, Sun Shi-ren, Zhang Peng, Wang Han-min, Huang Chen 2014, 18 (5):  712-717.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.010 Abstract ( 388 )   PDF (863KB) ( 498 )   Save BACKGROUND: Abnormal immunological function is possibly observed after cardiac valve replacement. However, effect of continuous venovenous hemofiltration on immunological function after cardiac valve replacement is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of continuous venovenous hemofiltration on the cellular immune function in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after cardiac valve replacement.  METHODS: Thirty-one patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after cardiac valve replacement in Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, from August 2008 to July 2009, were included in this study. They were treated with continuous venovenous hemofiltration using AV600 hemofilter and were divided into two groups: survival group (17 survivors) and death group (14 deaths). In addition, 16 healthy blood donors served as the control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The duration of acute renal failure before continuous venovenous hemofiltration of survival group was significantly lower than that of death group (P < 0.05). Before continuous venovenous hemofiltration, the CD4+/CD8+ ratio and Th1/Th2 ratio of survival group and death group were lower than that of control group (P < 0.05), and lymphocyte apoptosis rate and Fas/FasL antigen expression were higher than that of control group (P < 0.05). This evidence suggested the presence of immunosuppression state and Th1/Th2 disbalance. During continuous venovenous hemofiltration, the CD4+/CD8+ ratio and Th1/Th2 ratio of survival group were gradually increased (P < 0.05), while lymphocyte apoptosis rate and Fas/FasL antigen expression were gradually decreased (P < 0.05) at 24 hours. The above changes were observed in both survival group and death group, but emerged latter in death group. Continuous venovenous hemofiltration can improve cellular immune function, maintain the balance of T lymphocyte subsets and Th1/Th2, down-regulate Fas/FasL expression on the surface of lymphocyte membrane, and decrease lymphocyte apoptosis rate in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after cardiac valve replacement. Early continuous venovenous hemofiltration can improve patients’ prognosis. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation of survival time and C-reactive protein after artificial tracheal replacement in rabbits Yao Jia, Li Xiao-jun, Cui Xiao-hai, Zhao Yang, Zhang Jing, Li Gang, Cao Pei-long 2014, 18 (5):  718-723.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.011 Abstract ( 402 )   PDF (1799KB) ( 465 )   Save BACKGROUND:C-reactive protein has been shown to rapidly increase during the occurrence of inflammation and tissue injury, and can indicate the degree of inflammatory reaction. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation between survival time and C-reactive protein in rabbits after transplantation of polytetrafluoroethene artificial trachea with support ring. METHODS: The cervical trachea of rabbits was replaced by polytetrafluoroethene artificial trachea with support ring. Survival time of the rabbit, and the changes in serum C-reactive protein at 1-7 days after transplantation were observed. Linear regression was used to assess the univariate association between serum C-reactive protein and survival time. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The linear correlation was observed between changes of serum C-reactive protein and survival time in rabbits with artificial trachea replacement operation. C-reactive protein levels in rabbits with < 13 days of survival time were increased and positively associated with the number of days after transplantation. However, C-reactive protein levels in rabbits with > 13 days were decreased and negatively associated with the number of days after transplantation. In rabbits with positive correlation and negative correlation, the median survival time and 95% confidence interval (CI) were respectively 10 days (95%CI 8.614-11.386 days) and 27 days (95%CI 23.970-30.030 days). The survival rate in negative correlation group was significantly higher than positive correlation group (x2 =29.364, P < 0.01). Results suggested that the prolonged survival time of rabbits after artificial trachea replacement operation was related to the decreased concentration of serum C-reactive protein. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Serum protein fingerprint pattern model for diagnosing blood stasis syndrome of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion Xu Jian-wen, Wei Gui-kang, Zhong Yuan-ming, Yin Li-jun, Zhou Bin-bin, Wei Yu-lan, Li Zhi-fei, Song Quan-sheng, Hu Bing, Ji Jing 2014, 18 (5):  724-729.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.012 Abstract ( 335 )   PDF (2044KB) ( 491 )   Save BACKGROUND: The correlation between blood stasis syndrome and non-blood stasis syndrome of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To construct serum protein pattern model for diagnosing blood stasis syndrome of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion. METHODS: A total of 180 cases were included in this study and divided into treatment group (120 patients with lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion) and control group (60 healthy cases from physical examination). Furthermore treatment group was equally assigned into blood stasis syndrome subgroup and non-blood stasis syndrome subgroup, with 60 cases in each subgroup. The involved cases were well matched in nations, genders and ages. Serum samples of peripheral blood from the 180 cases were collected. Surface-enhanced laser desorption/inionation time of flight mass spectrometry and ProteinChip technology were employed to detect and plot protein mass spectrum. The protein peak values were identified using Biomarker Wizard software. Then serum diagnosis model of blood stasis syndrome of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion was established. The obtained models were verified through double blind method. The differential proteins were searched by ExPASy data. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: We detected that peak values of eleven proteins had statistical significance (P < 0.05) from the involved 180 cases. Among them, two proteins were highly expressed while the other nine proteins were lowly expressed. Serum protein pattern model for diagnosing blood stasis syndrome of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion was established through Biomarker Patterns software, and the sensibility was 86.667%, the specificity was 94.167%, the positive predictive value was 88.136%. There are a variety of abnormally expressed proteins in the serum of the patients with blood stasis syndrome of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion. The serum protein pattern model involved eleven different proteins can be used to diagnose blood stasis syndrome of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 in acute rejection after renal transplantation Chen Chang-qing, Shi Bing-yi, Cai Ming, Zhao Yu-bo, Jin Bo-quan, Wang Chun-yan, Han Yong, Xiao Li, Zhou Wen-qiang, Li Zhou-li 2014, 18 (5):  730-735.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.013 Abstract ( 536 )   PDF (682KB) ( 514 )   Save  BACKGROUND: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 is a newly discovered costimulatory molecule. It has been studied more in tumor and autoimmune diseases, less in the field of kidney transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 in acute rejection after renal transplantation. METHODS: Fifty patients undergoing renal transplantation were divided into acute rejection group (20 cases) and stable graft function group (30 cases). Another 30 healthy persons served as control group. Blood samples were extracted from the peripheral blood. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 in the serum showed significant differences in the acute rejection group, stable graft function group and healthy control group (F=70.008 1, P=0.000 0), but showed no difference in peripheral blood lymphocytes of three groups (F=1.865 6, P=0.161 7). Compared with the healthy control group, the expression levels of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 in peripheral blood lymphocytes of acute rejection group and stable graft function group were significantly decreased (P=0.000 0). In addition, the acute rejection group had a lower cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 expression than the stable graft function group (P=0.000 0). In renal transplant rejection, the expression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 in serum was reduced, showing some correlation with acute rejection after renal transplnatation. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 might be involved in the rejection. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative analysis of tacrolimus blood concentrations by two determination methods based on renal function Li Xiang, Yan Ming, Shi Guo-bing, Xia Dong-ya, Ren Tian-shu 2014, 18 (5):  736-741.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.014 Abstract ( 471 )   PDF (716KB) ( 502 )   Save  BACKGROUND: Whether determination of tacrolimus blood concentration by different immunoassay methods can influence predictive ability to immunosuppressive effects and toxicity, and whether it can be more sensitive to reflect blood concentration in patients with renal dysfunction are worthy of studying. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation of tacrolimus (FK506) concentrations determined by enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in combination with renal function parameters. METHODS: 133 clinical blood samples were collected. EMIT and ELISA techniques were used to determine the FK506 concentration. The correlation of two determination methods were analyzed, combined with renal function. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In patients with renal dysfunction, the mean results and standard deviation mensurated by ELISA were higher than those by EMIT. For blood concentration in 5-20 μg/L by ELISA, the incidence of renal dysfunction occurred less than by EMIT. The overall mean results of blood concentration for two methods appeared no significant difference (r=0.904 5, P > 0.05). When the concentration was less than 2.0 μg/L, the concentration results by EMIT were higher than those by ELISA (P < 0.01). When the concentration was more than 2.0 μg/L, there was no significant difference between two determination methods (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that EMIT and ELISA has good correlation, which are both suitable for clinical routine determination of plasma concentration. It is not recommended for applying EMIT method to determine low blood concentrations (< 2.0 μg/L). The reference range of concentration should be compartmentalized depending on combination of determination methods and renal function. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Methylprednisolone therapy for severe pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation Wei Xing, Cai Ming, Li Zhou-li, Jin Hai-long, Hong Xin, Chen Chang-qing, Shi Bing-yi 2014, 18 (5):  742-747.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.015 Abstract ( 451 )   PDF (780KB) ( 601 )   Save BACKGROUND: Pulmonary infection is the main complication after kidney transplantation, and its onset and morbidity may be related to conventional oral drugs after kidney transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of methylprednisolone instead of prednisone on severe pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation. METHODS: Clinical data of 58 patients with severe pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. First, according to the characteristics of post-onset patients and lung CT findings, broad-spectrum antibiotics and anti-fungal treatment were adopted, and subsequently targeted therapy, that is, withdrawal or adjustment of dosage and combination regimen of immunosuppressive agents, was employed depending on etiology, fungi and virus detection results. Among the 58 patients, 28 patients were injected methylprednisolone, and 30 patients took oral prednisone. Hyoxemia correction, support therapy and immune replacement therapy were applied. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Thirty-nine of 58 patients (67.2%) were positive for pathogens, including 7 cases of simple bacterial pneumonia, 4 cases of fungal pneumonia, 3 cases of simple cytomegalovirus infection, and 25 cases of mixed infections (5 cases of multiple bacterial infections, 17 cases of fungal and bacterial co-infections, and 3 cases of fungi, bacteria and cytomegalovirus co-infections). Patients subjected to methylprednisolone treatment spent shorter time to recover their temperature than those undergoing oral prednisone (P < 0.05). In addition, creatinine fluctuation range in the methylprednisolone group was less than that in the prednisone group (P < 0.05). The results showed that intravenous injection of methylprednisolone may accelerate absorption of inflammatory exudate in the lung and shorten treatment time. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Concurrent reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome during peri-operative period of renal transplantation in one case Li Jian-zhong, Fan Lian-hui, Liu Long, Yang Hong-wei, Li Xin, Cao Zhi-qiang, He Long 2014, 18 (5):  748-753.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.016 Abstract ( 426 )   PDF (2494KB) ( 492 )   Save BACKGROUND: Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome is rarely reported, especially concurrent during perioperative period of renal transplantation. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to uremia, transplant doctors are easy to ignore or not timely diagnosis reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome, thus impacting its treatment. OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical manifestations, imaging features, treatment experience and prognosis of patients with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome concurrent during perioperative period of renal transplantation, in order to improve the diagnostic rate and therapeutic effect. METHODS: We reviewed clinical data of one case of concurrent reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome during perioperative period of renal transplantation admitted at the General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: From the 3rd day postoperatively, the patient gradually experienced abnormal blood pressure, blurred vision, headache, seizures, disturbance of consciousness and mental and behavioral abnormalities. Early head CT showed low density in the left frontal lobe and corona radiate; and further MRI re-examination showed flake-shaped T1 and long T2 signals in the bilateral frontal lobe, hippocampus, parietal occipital cortex, and brainstem, as well as high signals on FLARI images at the corresponding parts. After active treatment, the clinical manifestations were improved. Retrospective analysis of clinical data of this case and review of relevant literature will provide clinical data for the diagnosis and treatment of concurrent reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome during perioperative period of renal transplantation. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Small interfering RNA inhibits the expression of surface antigens CD80/CD86 from mature dendritic cells Yan Zhi-dong, Yan Jia, Zhuansun Yong-xun, Chen Rui, Zhang Wei, Feng Su-ling, Li Jian-guo 2014, 18 (5):  754-760.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.017 Abstract ( 748 )   PDF (934KB) ( 978 )   Save BACKGROUND: The surface antigen CD80/CD86 on mature dendritic cells can activate helper T (Th) cells, reduce the differentiation of Th cells toward Th1 cells, and promote the differentiation of Th cells toward Th2 cells. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibiting the expression of surface antigens CD80/CD86 from asthmatic murine mature dendritic cells on Th1/Th2 type cytokines, interferon-γ and interleukin-4. METHODS: Asthmatic model of mice was established; then bone marrow-derived mature dendritic cells were separated and cultured. The expression of CD11c, CD80 and CD86 on mature dendritic cells were examined by flow cytometry. The siRNA was transferred into mature dendritic cells of asthmatic mice, and the CD80/CD86 mRNA and protein expression before and after interference were determined by fluorescent quantitative PCR and flow cytometry. The mature dendritic cells in non-siRNA group, siRNA group and negative siRNA group were co-cultured with T cells. The interferon-γ and interleukin-4 productions were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The expression of CD80/CD86 on the mature dendritic cells of asthmatic group was significantly higher than that in normal control group (all P < 0.05). (2) After siRNA was transferred into mature dendritic cells, the expression level of CD80/CD86 mRNA and protein in siRNA group was significantly lower than other groups (all P < 0.05). (3) After siRNA transfection, the level of interferon-γ from the supernatant of mature dendritic cells and T cells co-culture system was significantly increased in the siRNA group compared with other groups (all P < 0.05), while interleukin-4 production in the siRNA group was significantly decreased (all P < 0.05). These findings suggest that high expression of CD80/CD86 on mature dendritic cells of asthmatic mice is observed, specific siRNA can effectively inhibit the expression of CD80/CD86, thus increasing interferon-γ production and decreasing interleukin-4 production, which contributes to regulate the Th1/Th2 imbalance. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of artesunate on acute rejection after small intestine transplantation in rats Yu Xiao-di, Wang Wei-zhong, Jiao Jie-ying, Zheng Jian-yong, Zhao Zheng-wei 2014, 18 (5):  761-766.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.018 Abstract ( 467 )   PDF (2174KB) ( 643 )   Save BACKGROUND: As the potent, specific immunosuppressants emerge, the survival rate after intestinal transplantation is improved to some extent. However, the adverse effects of immunosuppressants and expensive treatment costs are not tolerable for many patients. Therefore, it is clinically meaningful to choose traditional Chinese medicine which presents immunosuppressive effects. Artesunate has immune suppression effect, reduces acute rejection following small intestine transplantation, and improves the success rate of small intestine transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect and action mechanism of artesunate in acute rejection after small intestine transplantation in rats. METHODS: Allogeneic small intestine transplantation models were established in the closed group of Sprague-Dawley rats and Wistar rats, and then were randomly divided into three groups, syngenic transplantation group (SD→SD), allogeneic transplantation group (Wistar→SD), and artesunate treatment group (Wistar→SD + artesunate 60 mg/kg per day, intraperitoneal injection). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Rats in syngenic transplantation group survived for more than 10 days and they were all killed on day 10. The average survival of rats in allogeneic transplantation group and artesunate treatment group was respectively (6.73±0.58) days and (8.50±0.74) days, with significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.01). Histopathological examination showed that, there was no apparent rejection in syngenic transplantation group specimens, but mild, moderate and severe rejections in allogeneic transplantation group ondays 3, 5, 7. In treatment group, some specimens had mild rejection, but appeared relatively late to a low degree. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay results revealed that, serum interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma expression levels in allogeneic transplantation group were significantly higher than other two groups after surgery (P < 0.01), serum interleukin-2 gene expression level in treatment group was also higher than syngenic transplantation group, but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05), serum interferon-gamma expression level in treatment group was higher than syngenic transplantation group (P < 0.05). Artesunate can inhibit acute rejection after rat small intestine transplantation, and its mechanism may be related to inhibition effect on the secretion and expression of interleukin-2, interferon-gamma and other cytokines. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Single-center comparative analysis of panel reactive antibodies of 280 cases detected by two methods Kuang Guo-jie, Wu Hong-wen, Zhou Wen-qiang, Xiao Li 2014, 18 (5):  767-772.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.019 Abstract ( 657 )   PDF (600KB) ( 766 )   Save BACKGROUND: Liquid chip techniques (Luminex) is a recently rising method for detecting anti-panel reactive antibody, which is characterized by high sensitivity, and strong specificity, less interference and high flux. OBJECTIVE: To compare the sensitivity and detection difference of panel reactive antibody in serum of kidney disease patients detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Luminex.  METHODS: Serum samples of 280 patients with kidney disease were selected. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Luminex methods were used to measure positive rate of panel reactive antibody. Chi-square test for fourfold table data was utilized for statistical analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The positive rates of panel reactive antibody were respectively 18.9% and 33.6% as detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Luminex method. The positive rates of anti-HLA-I antibody and anti-HLA-II antibody were respectively 12.8% and 12.5%, as detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The positive rates of anti-HLA-I antibody and anti-HLA-II antibody were respectively 25.0% and 20.7%, as detected by Luminex method. Positive detection rate was significantly higher in the Luminex group than that in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay group. Moreover, Luminex method could precisely detect the low-concentration antibody. Chi-square test for fourfold table data showed P < 0.01. Significant differences in the differences of panel reactive antibody of kidney disease patients were detected between the two methods. Results demonstrated that compared with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Luminex method is more sensitive and accurate, and more suitable for clinical detection. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A breakthrough in antibody-drug conjugates in anti-immune rejection Guo Cai-long, Mang Yuan-yi, Zhang Lei 2014, 18 (5):  773-778.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.020 Abstract ( 427 )   PDF (784KB) ( 1073 )   Save BACKGROUND: The immunological rejection between host and graft is the leading cause of organ transplantation failure. The traditional immunosuppressive agents have been unable to meet the needs of clinical treatment. Antibody-drug conjugate, as a type of new drugs, may be hope for the treatment of immune rejection. OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively analyze the composition of antibody-drug conjugates, mechanism of action, clinical research progress as well as the development trend. METHODS: A computer-based online retrieval was performed to search papers in CNKI and PubMed database using the key words of ADCs, immunosuppressive agents, immunotoxins, organ transplantation, graft rejection in Chinese and English. Recently published or published in the prestigious journals were selected in the same field. After excluding objective-independent papers and repeated studies, 42 papers were included for further analysis.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Antibody-drug conjugates, as highly effective and lowly toxic immunosuppressant, have achieved a breakthrough in treatment of targeting tumor, while the role of it in anti-immune rejection is still at the exploratory stage. For islet transplantation, novel antibody-drug conjugates are required to block CD8+ T effector by CD103/E-Cadherin pathway, and will probably serve as a potential drug intervention for allograft rejection. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Sirolimus in kidney transplantation: theory and technology Wang Mo, Guo Ying 2014, 18 (5):  779-784.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.021 Abstract ( 456 )   PDF (682KB) ( 425 )   Save  BACKGROUND: Calcineurin inhibitors reduce acute rejection rates and improve short-term graft survival in renal transplantation, but its nephrotoxicity associated with long-term use of calcineurin inhibitors remains an important issue. To both avoid exposure to calcineurin inhibitors and maintain effective immunosuppression, immunosuppressive agents such as sirolimus have emerged. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of the two main protocols of sirolimus in kidney transplantation (de novo sirolimus-based therapy without calcineurin inhibitors and protocol conversion from a calcineurin inhibitor based therapy to sirolimus). METHODS: With the key words of “kidney transplantation, sirolimus” in Chinese and in English, respectively, a computer-based search of articles was performed in CNKI (January 2000 to September 2013) and PubMed (January 1996 to September 2013) databases. Articles with the de novo sirolimus-based therapy without calcineurin inhibitors and protocol conversion from a calcineurin inhibitor based therapy to sirolimus were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Sirolimus may obtain the advantages of no renal toxicity, anti-tumor and lower incidence of cytomegalovirus infections when compared with calcineurin inhibitors. But not all patients are suitable for sirolimus, and to screen patients strictly is the key of satisfactory clinical results. An appropriate treatment plan, drug monitoring of sirolimus, prevention and treatment of complications are essential features of the use of sirolimus. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Thoughts on constructing the donation assistance system in China Yue Jiao-xing, Huang Hai 2014, 18 (5):  785-790.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.022 Abstract ( 409 )   PDF (720KB) ( 483 )   Save BACKGROUND: Into the 21st century, the organ transplantation has been known as “the top medicine of twenty-first century with the rapid development”. However, the organ transplantation has been greatly limited by the shortage of donor organs. Meanwhile, in China, a ratio of 1:30 is the “bottleneck” of the development of organ transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance, content and approach of constructing a donation assistance system, and to analyze the problems of organ donation to be solved in China in order to propose rescue measures of organ donation. METHODS: A computer-based online search in CNKI database and PubMed database was performed with the keywords of “organ donation, organ transplantation, assistance” by screening titles and abstracts. At the same time, understanding the organ donor and the medical staff through the interview provides a realistic basis for proposal of the rescue measures. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: From social, economic, psychological and other aspects, some humanitarian assistance given to organ donors is the trend for the rapid development of organ transplantation. Meanwhile, in aspects of the establishment of legal assistance, system design, organization construction, staffing, an assistance system for organ donation in China is proposed to ensure the implementation of rescue measures. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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T lymphocytes and immune tolerance of liver transplantation Cai Qiu-cheng 2014, 18 (5):  791-796.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.023 Abstract ( 512 )   PDF (559KB) ( 737 )   Save BACKGROUND: Pathogenesis of liver graft rejection is mainly the immune response mediated by T cells. Low-molecular-weight proteins with high activity and multiple functions that can regulate cell functions, i.e. cytokines, exert an important role in organ-graft-rejection and immune tolerance. OBJECTIVE: To review the relation and current research of T lymphocytes and immune tolerance of liver transplantation. METHODS: A computer-based online search was conducted by the first author in Medline and VIP Database from January 1995 to June 2013 for articles concerning immune state after liver transplantation, T lymphocytes and its cytokines. The key words were “liver transplantation, immune tolerance, rejection, T lymphocytes”. Duplicated studies were excluded. Full texts were searched. A total of 57 related articles were accepted. Nine articles concerned the background research of T lymphocytes with immune status after transplantation. Ten articles addressed the role of regulatory T cells in transplantation immunology. Seventeen articles were about the relation of T lymphocytes and immune tolerance after transplantation. Twenty-one articles were on the research prospects of T lymphocytes and immune tolerance after transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: T lymphocytes are important cells to regulate the immune response. Immunologic rejection or immune tolerance depended on subsets and functions of T lymphocyte in the immune system after receiving allogeneic liver transplantation. We can induce host immune tolerance through inhibition or induction of some features of T lymphocytes. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An animal model of lung transplantation: damage, protection and immune response Zhang Hao, Qi Hai 2014, 18 (5):  797-802.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.024 Abstract ( 378 )   PDF (721KB) ( 478 )   Save BACKGROUND: Establishing an animal model of lung transplantation has operational significance to the development of clinical lung transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize animal selection, model establishment method, points to note and mechanism of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury and pulmonary immune rejection in the establishment of animal models as preclinical research of lung transplantation. METHODS: A computer-based retrieval of CNKI and PubMed database from January 1982 to September 2013 was performed for literature related to lung transplantation. The key words were “lung transplantation, animal models, reperfusion injury” in English and Chinese, respectively. After eliminating duplicate and obsolete literature,50 articles were included for further analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Currently, animal experiments about allogeneic lung transplantation are common, which are of significance for clinical lung transplantation. Single lung transplantation is mainly seen in animal models. The commonly used lung transplantation models include single lung orthotopic murine model, rabbit orthotopic lung transplantation, canine and porcine orthotopic left lung transplantation, canine bilateral sequential lung pulmonary transplantation, autologous pig lung transplant model, rabbit lung ischemia-reperfusion model. Because the anatomical and physiological features are similar to humans, pigs are becoming the preferred choice for large animal experiments. Animal experiments and clinical studies have shown that lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in lung transplantation represents a biphasic pattern: early occurrence of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (24 hours after infusion) is related to lung donors, and the late occurrence mainly depends on receptors. Its pathophysiology runs through the whole process of donor lung resection, preservation and reperfusion as well as postoperative management. Immune rejection is a complex immune response induced by identifying the donor cell surface histocompatibility antigen, and activated T lymphocytes play a crucial role in the immune response in organ transplantation. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of traditional Chinese culture and ideas on organ donation Yang Ying, Huang Hai, Qiu Hong-zhong 2014, 18 (5):  803-808.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.025 Abstract ( 1763 )   PDF (684KB) ( 2172 )   Save  BACKGROUND: The number of patients in need of organ transplantation in China is increased by more than 10% per year. Due to the lack of voluntary donations, China is facing a more severe donor shortage than other countries. What are the specific reasons for the shortage of donor organs in China? What is the attitude toward organ donation in Chinese citizens? What factors are affecting the implementation of organ donation in Chinese citizens? OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of traditional Chinese ideas on the willing of Chinese citizens toward organ donation after death. METHODS: By random cluster sampling, 900 persons selected from different social classes as research objects received questionnaire survey. Self-made questionnaire consisted of cognition, attitude and behavior of the public in face of organ donation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) 55.16% of persons thought that the main purpose of organ donation was to help others, 24.22% thought that the main purpose of organ donation was a manifestation of social morality, 11.94% thought that organ donation was the continuation of their lives. (2) There were 70.00% who said donations should be used for the cause of organ transplantation, in order to save more lives, and the average score was 2.53 points; while the number of persons who proposed donor organs would be applied in medical teaching was similar to that in pathological anatomy, and the average score was 1.72 and 1.75, respectively. (3) 65.01% of the public supported cardiopulmonary death standard to judge death, 24.33% supported brain death standard to judge death, and moreover, 10.66% of people did not know what to take. (4) 50.52% of people thought that the main factors affecting the organ donation was traditional Chinese culture and ideas, followed by the donation program and family feelings. The study found that traditional Chinese culture and ideas are the main factor affecting organ donation in the public, most people think that cardiopulmonary death standard is better to judge death and that the main purpose of organ donation is to help others that organ donation should be applied firstly to organ transplantation in order to save more lives. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Psychological conditions of patients in different stages of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles Song De-hua, Wei Li-li, Song Zhen-lan, Zhao Xiao-li 2014, 18 (5):  809-814.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.026 Abstract ( 547 )   PDF (746KB) ( 400 )   Save BACKGROUND: With the improvement of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer technology, patients with in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer are facing more and more psychological stress. To completely understand their mental features and to explore effective mental intervention are important problems faced workers of reproductive medicine. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the psychological condition of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer patients. METHODS: A total of 92 in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer patients, who entered the cycle from October to November 2012, were enrolled in this study. The psychological conditions of these patients were evaluated using Symptom Checklist-90. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All the factor scores of the Symptom Checklist-90 in patients with in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer achieved significantly higher levels than national adult norm on their first day of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles (P < 0.05), with the exception of Psychiatric state factor. Meanwhile, in addition to Psychiatric state, differences of all the factors of Symptom Checklist-90 in patients with in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer were statistically significant in different stages of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles at the first day of entering cycle, the day of obtaining ovum, and the seventh day of embryo transfer,     (P < 0.05). Interpersonal relationship, Depression and Anxiety scores were increased at the first day of entering cycle, the day of obtaining ovum, and the seventh day of embryo transfer (P < 0.05). These results showed that patients with in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer tend to have poor psychological status, which is a problem in patients during the different stages of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles and becomes aggravated during egg retrieval and waiting for the outcome. Interventional measures should be taken in different stages to improve patients’ mental health. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Treatment of early avascular necrosis of femoral head: core decompression with tantalum rod implantation is better than core decompression with bone implantation Li Yang, Feng Shi-qing 2014, 18 (5):  815-820.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.05.027 Abstract ( 536 )   PDF (690KB) ( 637 )   Save BACKGROUND: Core decompression with bone implantation in treatment of early avascular necrosis of femoral head may provide insufficient support for subchondral bone and increase the risk of fracture and collapse. Tantalum rod implantation can not only provide good biological support, but also promote the revascularization at necrotic regions, thus repairing the necrosis of femoral head. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of core decompression, core decompression with bone implantation and core decompression with tantalum rod implantation in treating early-stage avascular necrosis of femoral head. METHODS: A total of 24 cases (28 hips) who suffered from ARCO I/II avascular necrosis of femoral head were treated with core decompression with bone implantation, and 25 cases (29 hips) who suffered from ARCO I/II avascular necrosis of femoral head were treated with core decompression with tantalum rod implantation. All the subjects were followed up for 24 months. The efficacy of two different surgical methods was evaluated before and after treatment by observing the changes in Harris scores. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All involved patients were followed up. Harris score of core decompression with bone implantation group were increased 4.93 points at 6 months after surgery; Harris score of core decompression with tantalum rod implantation group were increased 6.89 points at 6 months after surgery. There were significant differences between two groups before and after surgery (P < 0.05). After 12 months, Harris scores in the two groups were both significantly increased and the scores of core decompression with tantalum rod implantation group was higher than that of core decompression with bone implantation group (P < 0.05). The overall fine/excellent rate of core decompression with tantalum rod implantation group was 83%, which was better than core decompression with bone implantation group (75%). After 24 months, X-ray score of core decompression with tantalum rod implantation group was significantly higher than core decompression with bone implantation group (P < 0.05). Comparing with core decompression with bone implantation, core decompression with tantalum rod implantation can better prevent femoral head collapse, improve hip function and delay the process of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics