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16 July 2011, Volume 15 Issue 29 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Osteogenesis study of compound antitumor coral hydroxyapatite in vivo Yang Jin-cheng, Lin Jun, Zhang Yu, Yin Qing-shui 2011, 15 (29):  5321-5324.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.001 Abstract ( 117 )   PDF (537KB) ( 475 )   Save BACKGROUND: Compound antitumor coral hydroxyapatite (CCHA) has a good delayed-release and anti-tumor effect. However, whether the high-dose drug contained in the CCHA influences normal induction, conduction and growth of bone tissues at the implant site is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To establish an osteogenesis model of CCHA and to investigate the osteogensis effect and rule of self-made CCHA in vivo. METHODS: Implants of CCHA (20%CDDP-CHA w/w) and CHA(control, 0% CDDP w/w) were implanted into the metaphyseal holes of rabbit femur. X-rays and decalcified histological section of rabbit femoral bone with hematoxylin and eosin staining were used regularly to investigate the degradation of CCHA and CHA, and how bone tissues grow at the implant site. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After implantation, CHA crystals were faster than CCHA in connecting with surrounding bone tissues and forming bone bridges. The borderlines of implanted CHA became obscure in 4 weeks. Loose connective tissues were found in pores of the CHA and osteoblasts were growing on the surface. Bone tissues of the surrounding gradually grew into the CHA, finally repaired the bone defects. At the beginning of implantation, CCHA mainly inhibited the growth of surrounding tissues until 6-12 weeks later, normal bone tissues gradually grew into pores of CCHAs, and healed bone defects at 26 weeks. CCHA can inhibit the osteogenesis effects at early stage; however, it can achieve bone healing with surrounding bone defect ultimately. Related Articles | Metrics

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Repair of rabbit articular cartilage and subchondral defects using porous silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite combined with adipose-derived stromal cells Ju Gang, Xu Wei-yuan, Zhang Ya, Zhang Xing-xiang, Yan Fei, Sha Wei-ping 2011, 15 (29):  5327-5333.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.003 Abstract ( 121 )   PDF (1932KB) ( 399 )   Save BACKGROUND: Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HA) is a good scaffold for three-dimensional culture of cells, and is a common material to repair bone defect with good biocompatibility. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) which can differentiate into bone and cartilage cells are ideal for repairing cartilage defect. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of the repair of articular cartilage and subchondral defects in rabbit knee joints with transforming growth factor-β1 and insulin like growth factor-1 in combination with SF/HA and ADSCs. METHODS: A total of 56 New Zealand rabbits were selected, and 2 were used for cultures of ADSCs, which were seeded onto SF/HA at a concentration of 3×109/L. The remaining 54 rabbits were used to establish model of articular cartilage and subchondral defects and randomly assigned to composite, simple and blank control groups. The composite and simple groups were respectively implanted with SF/HA/ADSCs scaffold and SF/HA scaffold. The blank control group was not implanted any materials. Repair of defects was observed and compared by gross, imaging and histological observations. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 12 weeks, gross observation, CT, MRI and histological observations demonstrated that the articular cartilage and subchondral defects were repaired entirely in composite group. The color of repaired tissues was similar to surrounding cartilage. There was no evidence of the residue of silk fibroin or the infiltration of leukocytes. Defects were repaired partially and repaired with cartilage fibrosa in simple group. However, defects remained unchanged in blank control group. Results showed that SF/HA with ADSCs composite could successfully repair articular cartilage and subchondral defects of a rabbit knee joints and the effect was superior to SF/HA scaffold alone. The method for repairing the full-thickness hyaline cartilage defects and reconstructing anatomical structure and function of joints using SF/HA with ADSCs is feasible and promising to serve as a new biomaterial of osteochondral tissue engineering. Related Articles | Metrics

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Biocompatibility and superiority of lyophilized acellular ligament scaffolds Wang Hui, Chen Xiong-sheng, Zhou Sheng-yuan, Huang Jun-jun, Cai Tao-yi 2011, 15 (29):  5334-5338.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.004 Abstract ( 105 )   PDF (1648KB) ( 307 )   Save BACKGROUND: Acellular matrix ligament removes the cellular components within the ligament tissue and reduce the immunogenicity through a variety of acellular ways. Simultaneously, the damage to scaffold structure is mild in the process of decellularization, and it retains the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix. OBJECTIVE: To verify the biocompatibility and superiority of rabbit patellar tendon acellular scaffold after frozen and lyophilized processing. METHODS: Patellar ligaments were treated with 1% sodium deoxycholate for preparation of acellular ligaments with or without lyophilization. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: No residual nuclear component was detected in all ligaments. Collagen structure was maintained. No significant differences in elastic modulus and ultimate tensile stress were found between non-lyophilized acellular scaffolds and lyophilized ones. The in vitro cytotoxicity test showed the cells grew well in all groups with or without extracts from lyophilized acellular scaffold. No significant difference was found between the control group and the experiment group. Toxicity symptoms were not obvious. Pyrogen detection experiment showed that no pyrogen was found in the lyophilized acellular scaffold extracts. Percutaneous stimulation test was negative as primary stimulation index was 0. In vivo implantation experiment showed that lyophilized acellular ligament scaffold showed the characteristics of little immunogenicity and light inflammation. Lyophilized acellular ligament scaffold treated with 1% DCA method not only maintains the mechanical characteristics of the non-lyophilized ones, but also has good biological compatibility. Because of its preparation, disinfection, packaging and preservation was easy and convenient, the lyophilized acellular ligament scaffold will be an ideal scaffold for tissue engineering ligament. Related Articles | Metrics

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Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for construction of tissue engineered cartilage Yang Yao, Xu Wei-yuan, Zhang Ya, Zhang Xing-xiang, Liu Zong-bao, Qian Hui, Huang Jian-ping, Cui Zhi-hao 2011, 15 (29):  5339-5342.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.005 Abstract ( 188 )   PDF (1196KB) ( 436 )   Save BACKGROUND: With the emergence of tissue engineering, the possibility of repairing the cartilage injury is greatly increased, but single scaffold materials fail to meet ideal scaffold, and have some limitations. OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for construction of tissue engineered cartilage METHODS: BMSCs were isolated, cultured and induced into chondrocytes, which were cocultured with silk fibrion/hydroxyapatite to construct full-thickness articular cartilage defects in the platform of knee joints tibial plateau. A total of 45 rabbits with unilateral knee full thickness cartilage defects model were randomly divided into 3 groups. The compound group was implanted with cell-silk fibrion/hydroxyapatite compound; material group was only implanted with silk fibrion/hydroxyapatite; implantation was not given in the control group. The reparation condition of cartilage defects was observed by CT examination and histological examination at 8, 12 weeks after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the compound group, the articular surface was not flat, the joint space was increased, formed new chondrocyte-like cells and extracellular matrix was extremely rich after 8 weeks. In the material group, articular surface was collapsed and a small amount of chondrocytes were proliferated. After 12 weeks, in the compound group, the articular surface was flat, the joint space was normal; a large number of chondrocytes were emerged, and the color of repaired tissues was closed to surrounding cartilage and scaffolds were completely degraded. In the material group, the articular surface was not flat and cartilage cells did not completely filled, some scaffolds were degraded. The defects were not repaired in the control group. It is indicated that the method of repairing the full-thickness hyaline cartilage defects using BMSCs combined with silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite is feasible, and the silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite can be used as scaffold materials in articular cartilage tissue engineering due to a good biocompatibility. Related Articles | Metrics

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Immune properties of xenogeneic-deproteinized-cancellous-bone as tissue engineered scaffold Gao Chun-yang, Jiang Hong-chun, Jin Chun-ming, Xi Ke-min 2011, 15 (29):  5343-5346.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.006 Abstract ( 73 )   PDF (622KB) ( 355 )   Save BACKGROUND: It has showed that deproteinized cancellous bone maintains natural network pore system and provides better cancellous compatibility than other mechanical materials except immunology. OBJECTIVE: To fabricate xenogeneic-deproteinized-cancellous-bone scaffold and to explore the intensity of immune reaction sparked by xenogeneic deproteinized cancellous bone implanted at goats. METHODS: We made deproteinized bone derived from pig femoral cancellous bone by physical and chemical treatments. Their morphological features, constitute components and mechanical properties were examined by scanning electron microscopy, X-rays diffraction analysis, mechanical experimental instrument and so on. Eight male goals were divided into experimental and control group according to transplant materials. Materials included xenogeneic deproteinized cancellous bone and fresh xenogeneic cancellous bone. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: It showed that deproteinized cancellous bone maintained natural network pore system. The main organic material was collagenⅠ and inorganic was hydroxyapatite. It hardly has any antigen and it has good histocompatibility. The mechanical strength was no significant difference between deproteinized cancellous bone and fresh cancellous bone. In experimental group, T lymphocyte subsets CD3+, CD4+, CD8+and CD28+ in blood samples had no significant difference at different time point, and there was no positive stained reddish zones in the slides of xenogeneic deproteinized cancellous bone implanted for 4 weeks at intertransverse. Xenogeneic deproteinized cancellous bone may be safe in immunology. Related Articles | Metrics

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Degradation of bioabsorbable fracture-fixation materials of poly (L/DL-lactide) in vitro Zhang Li, Xiong Cheng-dong, Lü Chun-tang 2011, 15 (29):  5347-5351.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.007 Abstract ( 114 )   PDF (793KB) ( 850 )   Save BACKGROUND: Several absorbable polymers for fracture internal fixation are in use nowadays predominantly. The best-known is L-polylactic acid, which is biocompatible and biodegradable and has good mechanical properties. Problems arising from insufficient strength and foreign body reaction are reasons why up till now these devices are not used more extensively in oral maxillofacial surgery. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biodegradation of absorbable L/DL-polylactic acid (P(L/DL) LA) in vitro. METHODS: The samples were subjected to aging at 37 ℃ in the phosphate buffered saline and instilled solution for 2, 4, 8, 12, 20 and 28 weeks. The macroscopic observation and scanning microscope were performed to evaluate the degradation of samples. The molecular weight, three-point bending strength and pH value were measured. The degradation rate was also investigated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were 74.29% reduction of the molecular weight and 60.99% loss of mechanical property at 8 weeks. Double variables analysis was used to analyze the degradation rate of the molecular weight and the attenuation rate of the bending strength, results showed that the two were positively correlated(r=0.958, P < 0.05). Change of the pH was seen obviously after 20 weeks. Degradation of the samples was almost simultaneous on the out surface and in the center. It seems that the P(L/DL) LA has better mechanical properties and biodegradation. It is worth further medical research in oral maxillofacial surgery. Related Articles | Metrics

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Infrared spectra study of monomer conversion effect of post heated and press on Ceramage ceramic optimized polymer Li Xiao, Yang Kai, Zhao Hui, Jin Zhu-kun 2011, 15 (29):  5352-5354.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.008 Abstract ( 113 )   PDF (428KB) ( 321 )   Save BACKGROUND: Using appropriate methods to improve the degree of material polymerization will help to improve material physical and chemical properties. OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of post heated and press on the monomer conversion of Ceramage ceramic optimized polymer material. METHODS: Twenty Ceramage ceramic optimized polymer material specimens, with diameter of 4 mm and thickness of 3 mm, were double-side cured in Solidilite light cure case for 90 seconds. Ten random specimens had been post heated in 120 ℃ and pressured 0.6 MPa for 7 minutes by multi-purpose resign aggregator. The samples were crushed with a hydraulic machine. The monomer conversion of Ceramage ceramic optimized polymer material was obtained under different conditions. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The monomer conversion of Ceramage ceramic optimized polymer material significantly increased from (72.7±2.2)% to (75.4±1.5)%, with the increasing degree of 2.7%. Post heated and press can significantly increase the monomer conversion of Ceramage ceramic optimized polymer material so as to improve material performance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Electrical stability of indium tin oxide films carrier materials of electrochemical DNA biochip in different media solutions Zhang Yu-qin, Wu Hui-jun, Jiang Ye-hua, Zhou Rong 2011, 15 (29):  5355-5358.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.009 Abstract ( 110 )   PDF (474KB) ( 269 )   Save BACKGROUND: In electrochemical gene chip, chemical modification of the indium tin oxide (ITO) films carrier materials and DNA hybridization reactions need to carry on the different media solutions. The corrosion of various media would have a greater influence on characteristics of the carrier materials, and may be cause degradation or failure phenomenon of the carrier materials. OBJECTIVE: To observe the electrical stability of the ITO films carrier materials in NaOH, NaCl, Na2SO4,  H2SO4  media solutions. METHODS: The electrical stability of the ITO films carrier materials of electrochemical DNA biochip was investigated using the relative resistance change (ΔR/R) method in 1 mol/L NaOH, NaCl, Na2SO4, H2SO4 media solutions at 25 ℃ and 50 ℃. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The ΔR/R values of ITO films showed the same change trends in four media solutions. With increasing the immersion time, the ΔR/R values of the films increased and the conductivity of the films decreased. However, with increasing medium solution temperatures, the electrical stability of the films decreased significantly, and the failure phenomenon of the electrical properties of the films occurred. The electrical stability of the ITO films in four media solutions decreased as NaOH, Na2SO4, NaCl and  H2SO4  solutions in sequence. The above-mentioned phenomenon was due to the different corrosion mechanism of the ITO films in media solutions. Related Articles | Metrics

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Vascularization of autosetting calcium phosphate cultivated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 Wang Wei, Mayila•Wufuer, Abudusaimi•Aimaiti, Aihemaitijiang•Yusufu 2011, 15 (29):  5359-5362.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.010 Abstract ( 142 )   PDF (661KB) ( 305 )   Save BACKGROUND: Deep fascia promotes vascularization of tissue-engineered bone, which is a mature technology, but different animal species and different implant materials can result in a great difference in vascularization. OBJECTIVE: To compare the vascularization of autosetting calcium phosphate cement cultivated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) and a single autosetting calcium phosphate cement implant in beagle dogs with deep fasica flaps. METHODS: Twelve healthy adult beagle dogs were respectively implanted with autosetting calcium phosphate cement cultivated with rhBMP-2 in the left thigh (experimental sides) and a single autosetting calcium phosphate cement in right thigh (control sides). The vascularization in each condition was assessed by experiment study (Physical, Massion stain, the hematoxylin-eosin stain, ⅧRAg marked) at time intervals of 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks after operation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In experimental groups and in control groups, vascularization was found. New vessels invaded in scaffold with time. In experimental groups, the amount of vessels and the expression of ⅧRAg were stronger than those in control groups at 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks. The deep fasica flaps have great effect on the vascularization. The deep fasica flap binding with rhBMP-2 is proved to be the better in vascularization of autosetting calcium phosphate cement. Related Articles | Metrics

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Tumor necrosis factor alpha-sercreting microcysts inhibit proliferation of Lovo colon cancer cells Gao Yu-Hong, Peng Rui-yun 2011, 15 (29):  5363-5366.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.011 Abstract ( 98 )   PDF (687KB) ( 303 )   Save BACKGROUND: This study was designed to establish gene engineered cells which auto-secreting human tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Alginate-polylysine-alginate (APA) microencapsulated cells were co-cultured with colon cancer cells. On the one hand, the effects of micro-biological pump could be exerted to continously secrete TNF-α in the intracapsule cells. On the other hand, the immune rejection-prevented effects of APA microcapsules could be exerted to limit the overgrowth of highly-proliferative intracapsule cells. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of co-culture of TNFα-sercreting microcysts and human colon cancer cells Lovo on the proliferation of cancer cells. METHODS: Former established method was used. APA microcapsules were used to wrap TNF-α/293 cells and APA microencapsulated 0/293 cells. Logarithmic growth phase colon (Lovo) cells with DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum were prepared into cell suspension, and inoculated on 24-well plate. After 24 hours, the supernatant was discarded, and each well was added stable transfected APA microencapsulated TNF-α/293, which were divided into 5 groups including TNF-α/293 APA microencapsulated cell low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group, negative group and APA microencapsulated 0/293 cells. The positive group was added TNF-α factor, and MTT assay under the optical density 490 nm was applied. Through human tumor cell proliferation inhibition experiment, the inhibitory effects on colon cancer cells (Lovo) proliferation were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: APA microencapsulated 0/293 cell had no inhibitory effect on colon cancer cell proliferation in vitro, and there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). The middle, high-dose groups of APA microencapsulated TNF-α/293 cells and TNF-α-positive group showed a significant lower A at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h than the APA microencapsulated 0/293 cells group, with a significant difference (P < 0.05), suggesting that the middle, high-dose groups of APA microencapsulated TNF-α/293 cells and TNF-α-positive group had significant inhibition on the proliferation of colon cancer cells. The inhibition of APA microencapsulated TNF-α/293 cells secreted TNF-α on colon cancer cell proliferation shows a good dose-effect dependency, and expresses a considerable inhibition on the colon cancer cell proliferation as positive drug. Related Articles | Metrics

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Sheng Ji Yu Hong collagen matrices for repair of skin wound Yan Ting-ting, Xiong Meng, Zhou Yong, Yao Chang 2011, 15 (29):  5367-5370.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.012 Abstract ( 148 )   PDF (572KB) ( 465 )   Save BACKGROUND: Sheng Ji Yu Hong collagen matrices can obviously promote wound healing. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Sheng Ji Yu Hong collagen matrices on rabbit skin wound healing. METHODS: Three full-thickness skin wounds were made and repaired with Sheng Ji Yu Hong collagen matrices, BFGF agent, normal saline solution, separately. Healing time, healing ratio, number of fibroblasts, hemeoxygenase-1 level, transforming growth factor β1 mRNA and protein expression, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Sheng Ji Yu Hong could promote the proliferation of fibroblasts more remarkably than BFGF agent and normal saline (P < 0.05), increase expressions of hemeoxygenase-1 level, transforming growth factor β1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (P < 0.05), elevate healing rate (P < 0.05), and shorten healing time (P < 0.05). Sheng Ji Yu Hong collagen matrices can promote skin wound healing obviously, and the mechanism maybe relates to elevate the expression of hemeoxygenase-1 level and transforming growth factor β1, and preserve the activity of prosthetic cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Cytotoxicity evaluation of nano-Ag-SiO2 urethral catheter Zhai Jun-hong, Guo Yun-tong, Liu Chun, Zhang Li, Zhang Yan-gang, Zhang Jin 2011, 15 (29):  5371-5374.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.013 Abstract ( 138 )   PDF (575KB) ( 381 )   Save BACKGROUND: Antibacterial activated nano- Ag-SiO2 urethral catheter can reduce the incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infections obviously. Because of diversification of physical and chemical properties, security shoud be re-evaluated. OBJECTIVE: Based on comparison of nano-Ag-SiO2 urethral catheter and ordinary urethral catheter extracts on in vitro activity of rabbit epithelial cells, to perform a preliminary evaluation of nano-Ag-SiO2 urethral catheter biological safety. METHODS: Mechanical separation and enzymatic digestion were used to isolate and culture rabbit urothelial cells to make cell suspension after in vitro proliferation. The medium was replaced by immersion nano-Ag-SiO2 and general catheter tube medium. MTT assay was performed to quantify two extracts and detect in vitro cytotoxicity of rabbit urethra epithelial cells. Absorbance values of nano-Ag-SiO2 and general urinary catheter groups were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to calculate the relative growth rate, and compare and perform toxicity evaluation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nano-Ag-SiO2 and general anti-infective urinary catheter were slightly toxic. The relative growth rate had no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Nano-Ag-SiO2 urethral catheter effect on cell growth and reproduction is same as that of general urinary catheter, and there is no or low cytotoxicity that is consistent with the biological evaluation standards of medical devices. Related Articles | Metrics

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Biocompatibility of human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells and beta-tricalcium phosphate Wang Qi, Liu Xian-min, Zu Qi-ming, Liu Song-bo, Cao Yan, Xiang Liang-bi 2011, 15 (29):  5375-5378.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.014 Abstract ( 79 )   PDF (1240KB) ( 308 )   Save BACKGROUND: Experiments in vivo has showed that β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) porous ceramic is an ideal bone tissue engineering scaffold material, but it cannot reflect growth, proliferation, and phenotypic changes of cells well, due to implantation of experiments in vivo was affected by various factors. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biocompatibility of human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) in vitro and β-TCP porous ceramic. METHODS: The 6th passage hUCB-MSCs suspension were dripped into β-TCP to undergo combination.The compound of stem cells and scaffold materials was transferred into the culture medium comprising α-minimum essential medium (α-MEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). The surface of materials and internal growth status of hUCB-MSCs was observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM) at 4, 8, and 12 days. MTT assay was used to draw curve of cell growth and the DNA and protein content were determined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: HUCB-MSCs can attach in the surface and internal pores of β-TCP scaffold materials after hUCB-MSCs combined with β-TCP, and its growth is good, which DNA replication and protein synthesis function were not affected by β-TCP. It suggested that hUCB-MSCs and β-TCP scaffold materials have good biocompatibility, and which can be used as seed cells and scaffold materials for tissue engineering bone and cartilage construction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mesoporous silicon dioxide microsphere/starch composite hemostatic dressing Wang Li-qun, Xu Lei, Wang Shu-wei, Su Jia-can 2011, 15 (29):  5379-5383.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.015 Abstract ( 155 )   PDF (1470KB) ( 484 )   Save BACKGROUND: Wound bleeding is an important part of traumatism first aid. OBJECTIVE: To develop a novel mesoporous silicon dioxide microsphere/starch composite hemostatic dressing and to study its hemostatic properties. METHODS: A hemostatic dressing of mesoporous silicon dioxide microsphere/starch composite was synthesized by using pluronic (P123) as templates and sol-gel process, and its hemostatic properties were also investigated. The mesoporous silicon dioxide microsphere had large surface area and pore diameter of around 5 nm. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mesoporous silicon dioxide microsphere/starch composite had good water adsorption properties as compared with mesoporous silicon dioxide and silicon dioxide (S). The mesoporous silicon dioxide microsphere/starch composite could significantly short the partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time. The mesoporous silicon dioxide microsphere/starch composite could shorten the bleeding time of skin and liver wound of rabbits, and control hemorrhage, showing good hemostatic properties. Related Articles | Metrics

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Biocompatibility of nano-bionic scaffolds Yuan Shi-min, Liu Ning, Qiu Qing-zhong 2011, 15 (29):  5384-5388.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.016 Abstract ( 70 )   PDF (1745KB) ( 334 )   Save BACKGROUND: Nano-materials to build tissue engineered bone with bioactivity can simulate the structure of the extracellular matrix that is conducive to cell adhesion and growth. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the in vitro histocompatibility of nano chitosan-sodium\collagen (nano-CS\COL) scaffolds. METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated from SD rats and cultured, and then were identified by morphology observations with the optical microscope and the exterior antigen through the flow cytometry method. Nano-CS\COL biomimetic scaffolds were prepared through the polyelectrolyte complex coacervation, then were co-cultured with BMSCs. The cellular compatibility was detected through the adherent rate, growth curve, cell livingness and cell cycle, dyeingⅠcollagen and morphology observations by the scanning electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The BMSCs could be obtained and cultured, express CD29, CD44, CD106, not CD34, CD45. The diameter of the nano-CS-COL scaffold was 150 μm with good histocompatibility to BMSCs. The BMSCs can be obtained and cultured stably for a long term in vitro, which are the ideal choice for tissue engineering. Nano-CS/COL scaffolds can be used as tissue engineering biomaterials for their good histocompatibility. Related Articles | Metrics

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Chitosan effect on femoral artery anastomosis patency rate in rats Wang Ya-feng, Yuan Zheng-jiang, Zhao Ai-juan, Zhang Xin-ying, Liang Hao 2011, 15 (29):  5389-5392.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.017 Abstract ( 75 )   PDF (1097KB) ( 296 )   Save BACKGROUND: Chitosan can effectively prevent postoperative tissue adhesion. But in amputation, whether replantation surgery has effects on vascular anastomosis is less reported. OBJECTIVE: To study the medical effects of chitosan on adult rat femoral artery anastomosis patency rate.  METHODS: Bilateral transection of the femoral artery was performed in SD rats, left side as the experimental group, and contralateral (right) as the control group. Anatomosis of bilateral femoral artery was performed under a microscope, all the immediate arterial anastomosis patency rate was 100%, and the same person operated. One drop of chitosan was covered surrounding the anatomosis site in the experiment group. After 7, 14, 21, 28 days, anastomotic patency was observed as well as anastomotic diameter, with or without infection around the stoma, adhesions around the anastomosis, anastomotic coverage of endothelial cells (biopsy). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Preoperative and postoperative anastomotic diameter had no significant changes in the experimental group and control group without obvious infection around the stoma. The adhesion was slighter in the experimental group than in the control group. The overall anastomotic patency rate was 96% in the experimental group, and 89% in the control group. At various time periods after operation, endothelial cell coverage had no difference between the two groups. Chitosan does not affect the rat femoral artery anastomosis overall patency rate. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of different surface treatments on fiber post and bonding strength of polyurethane binder Chen Xiao-bing, Chen Xiang-tao, Chen Lin 2011, 15 (29):  5393-5396.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.018 Abstract ( 144 )   PDF (1363KB) ( 502 )   Save BACKGROUND: Fiber post has a favorable aesthetics feature, the elasticity modulus of it is similar to dentin, which has a good dispersion stress; with its clinical application increase, losing bonding phenomenon of fiber post and root canal is gradually increase. Thus it is meaningful to improve the bonding of fiber post. Polyurethane binder is binding materials developed in recent years. Recent researches showed that polyurethane binder has great bonding strength to many materials, but there is little research in prosthodontics field. OBJECTIVE: To compare bonding strength of the fiber post after 4 different surface treatments by using of polyurethane binder. METHODS: Totally 25 single root canal of upper jaw to exsomatize the intercepting dental crown, then preparing root canal, root-canalfilling as well as post space preparation, which were randomly divided into 5 groups: sand blast treatment group, hydrogen peroxide treatment group, silicon alkylation treatment group, hydrofluoric (HF) acid treatment and control group. Before cementation of fiber post surface, it underwent sand blast treatment, hydrogen peroxide treatment, silicon alkylation treatment and HF treatment, and no treatment was given in the control group. The treated fiber post was cemented with polyurethane binder to make test specimen in the root canal. The tooth was cut into 2 mm piece to perform push-out experiment. The bonding strength was detected by universal testing machine, and glass fiber post was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) before and after surface treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Each group has difference in bonding strength, hydrogen peroxide treatment group > silicon alkylation treatment group > sand blast treatment group > HF acid treatment treatment > control group. There was no significant difference in bonding strength between silicon alkylation treatment group and sand blast treatment group (P > 0.05). There was significant difference in other groups (P < 0.05). SEM observation showed that the surface of the fiber post had varying degrees of resin matrix dissolution after surface treatment, some fiber post came out. Fiber post can improve the strength of materials combined with polyurethane binder after 4 different surface treatments; the bonding strength of it is the greatest after hydrogen peroxide treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Ultrastructural study of dentin interface disposed by oxalic acid iron solution Gao Peng-jie, Yin Xiao-dong, Wang Wei, Xie Yong-jiang, Miao Qiang 2011, 15 (29):  5397-5400.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.019 Abstract ( 99 )   PDF (1285KB) ( 434 )   Save BACKGROUND: Total-etch technology is often used to dentin caries, but there are postoperative sensitivities. Crystals can form in dentin tubules after oxalic acid iron solution is used on dentin. OBJECTIVE: To study the micromorphological characteristics of dentin bonding interface after usage of 5.3% acid iron solution linking with total-etch technology to guide clinical therapy. METHODS: Twelve extracted human molars which were eliminated enamel were divided into experimental group and control group. 5.3% acid iron solution was used to experimental group. According to the manufacturer instructions, Chrisma B20 was adhered to the dentin interfaces. All the ultrastructures of dentin bonding interfaces were observed with scanning electronic microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Most of the dentin tubules were occluded by crystal-like structures in experimental group. Lots of short resin protrusions walked from resin layer to harden dentin. In the teeth which were only used total-etching, there was obvious crack between local mixture layer and the dentin. Resin protrusions were thick and uneven. There was resin crack. 5.3% acid iron solution could product crystal-like structures in the dentin tubules. The resin tag was broken and the dentinal tubules were open in control group. Postoperative sensitivity of experimental group can be less than that of control group. Related Articles | Metrics

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Anhydrous glycerol preserved tendon allograft transplantation Han Bing, Song Yi-ping, Wang He-hong, Chen Shuo, Tong Xun, Zhao Ri-guang, Sun Yi-yan, Feng Hui 2011, 15 (29):  5401-5404.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.020 Abstract ( 80 )   PDF (1444KB) ( 320 )   Save BACKGROUND: How to save tendon allograft so as to retain its biological activity and reduced its immunogenicity has become a focus in recent years. OBJECTIVE: To observe the histological changes following anhydrous glycerol preserved tendon allograft transplantation. METHODS: A special approach was used to process the rabbit tendons, and then the tendons were sealed in anhydrous glycerol at normal atmospheric temperature away from light. The tendons preserved for 7 and 12 months were transplanted into the rabbit flexor tendon in the hind legs. Rabbits were killed after 3 months and the tendon graft was removed. Hematoxylin-eosin staining for paraffin sections as well as the observation of the organizational structure and the morphology of tendons was observed with electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that tendon fibers arranged neatly, and cell morphology was normal. No significant inflammatory cells were in eyesight. In some certain regions, cell density in the anhydrous glycerol group was lower than that in the normal group. Under the electron microscope, tendon fibers arranged regularly, and the cell morphology was normal. After preservation with anhydrous glycerol, the tendon allograft is similar to normal tendon histologically, and there is no obvious immunological rejection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Ni ion precipitation from the repeated casted nickel-chrome alloy in corrosion Xiao Yue, Wang Dan, Yu Ting-ting, Ma Shu-ming, Zhang Chi 2011, 15 (29):  5405-5408.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.021 Abstract ( 173 )   PDF (1422KB) ( 418 )   Save BACKGROUND: Whether repeated casted nickel-chrome alloy can increase the precipitation of nickel ions thereby to reduce the corrosion resistance is controversial. OBJECTIVE: To detect the nickel ion amount released from repeated casted nickel-chrome alloy in the artificial saliva in the non-vacuum state and to analyze the influence of cast times on the alloy corrosion resistance. METHODS: The nickel-chrome alloy was used to roast the porcelain alloy repeatedlyⅠ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ generations. The specimens were immersed in the artificial saliva with pH of 6.8 and 4.0 for (168±1) hours at (37±1) ℃. Z-5000 atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the precipitation of nickel ions under different pH values. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under the same pH value, nickel-chrome alloy Ⅳ was significantly different from other generations (P < 0.05), and had the largest amount of nickel ions, the secondary was Ⅲ, Ⅱ. With the decrease of pH value, the alloy had the decreased corrosion resistance with increased amount of nickel ions. The findings indicated that under non-vacuum condition, repeated casted nickel-chrome alloy has a decreased corrosion resistance and increased nickel ions with the increase of casting times. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of the HEAL-ALL tissue patch on the prevention of dry socket syndrome after tooth extraction Huang Dai-ying, Nie Er-min, Guo Jun-bing, Ji Li 2011, 15 (29):  5409-5412.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.022 Abstract ( 157 )   PDF (799KB) ( 714 )   Save BACKGROUND: Oral tissue patch is a kind of extracellular matrix that allograft tissue treated by decellularized treatment, which has a good histocompatibility, sufficient resource and simple operation, and has been widely used in oral and maxillary surgery. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of HEAL-ALL tissue patch on the prevention of dry socket syndrome after tooth extraction METHODS: A total of 80 patients who had been extracted mandibular third molar were selected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, which were randomly divided into 2 groups. In the experimental group, oral tissue patches were put into the sockets after mandibular third molars were extracted, while in the control group, we let the wounds to be healed naturally without any materials. The incidence of dry socket syndrome was observed after 1 week. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: No patient had dry socket after operation in the experimental group, but in the control group, 6 patients suffered from dry socket. There was a significant difference in the incidence between the two groups (P < 0.05). In order to prevent the incidence of dry socket, especially in very difficult cases which are more traumatic and time-consuming, it is a good choice to put the oral tissue patch into socket after operation to prevent dry socket. Related Articles | Metrics

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Chitosan gel intervention to prevent adhesions after tubal recanalization Nie Gui-xiang 2011, 15 (29):  5413-5416.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.023 Abstract ( 104 )   PDF (687KB) ( 808 )   Save BACKGROUND: With the popularity of minimally invasive techniques in recent years, tubal recanalization treatment for tubal obstruction has been more common, but postoperative adhesion is still a great trouble for clinicians. OBJECTIVE:To review the application status of chitosan gel in the treatment of adhesion following tubal recanalization. METHODS: The first author retrieved related articles about application of chitosan gel against postoperative adhesion following tubal recanalization published from 1998-02 to 2011-02 using the keywords of “chitosan gel; laparoscopy; treatment; tubal pregnancy”. Repetitive or old articles were excluded, and finally 30 relevant papers were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Chitosan is a medical polymer polysaccharide with good biocompatibility, biodegradability and biological activity. With broad-spectrum antimicrobial effect, chitosan selectively promotes the growth of epithelial cells and endothelial cells, and inhibits fibroblast growth, thereby contributing to physiological tissue repair and rapid wound healing, inhibiting scar formation, and reducing tissue adhesion. Because of lubrication and biological barrier effects, chitosan can effectively prevent adhesion occurrence and promote functional recovery of the oviduct to lay the foundation for the subsequent pregnancy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Hemodialysis membrane materials for severe acute pancreatitis Feng De-hui 2011, 15 (29):  5417-5420.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.024 Abstract ( 108 )   PDF (691KB) ( 438 )   Save BACKGROUND: Dialysis membrane materials are the key factor influencing clinical outcome of hemodialysis. OBJECTIVE: To assess the biocompatibility of hemodialysis membrane materials for severe acute pancreatitis. METHODS: A computer retrieval of articles published 1994-06/2011-02 was performed using the keywords of “hemodialysis, dialysis membrane materials, histocompatibility, blood compatibility, polyethersulfone” in Chinese and English. Repetitive studies or Meta analysis were excluded, and finally 25 articles addressing performance and application of polyethersulfone membrane filtering material were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Continuous blood purification has a certain effect on multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, especially on acute renal failure. As a result, it can improve the prognosis of severe acute pancreatitis and becomes an important treatment for severe acute pancreatitis. Hemodialysis membranes are various. Polyethersulfone membrane filters are widely used, which have a good biocompatibility with the host. The sealing effect is good, and due to lower cost, it is widely used in clinic. Related Articles | Metrics

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Hemodialysis catheter choice and infection control Yi Li-ping, Zhang Yue-feng 2011, 15 (29):  5421-5424.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.025 Abstract ( 235 )   PDF (827KB) ( 773 )   Save BACKGROUND: Polymer hemodialysis catheter that can inhibit biofilm formation is important for related infection control. OBJECTIVE: To review the selection of hemodialysis catheter materials as well as related factors inducing infection and infection control. METHODS: A computer search of CNKI and PubMed (2005/2011) were performed for articles about hemodialysis catheter materials and related infection control. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Good vascular access is to guarantee the smooth blood dialysis and dialysis full primary condition caused by catheter infections that are very common, including selection of materials, the operation is catheter sterile, infection causes, locations, infection post-processing is the key factor, whether can directly affect the deep vein indwelling catheter is stable and reliable, and the success and can smoothly for blood dialysis reviewed the guarantee, the incidence of catheter related infections cause, prevention and treatment of the latest progress. Related Articles | Metrics

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Biomaterial selection and surface modification for repair of acute bone injuries Liang Hua-wei 2011, 15 (29):  5425-5428.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.026 Abstract ( 44 )   PDF (520KB) ( 702 )   Save BACKGROUND: For the repair of severe or complicated acute bone injury, the ideal choice of bone matrix materials provides an ideal living environment for the cells. OBJECTIVE: To review the application and surface modification of bone tissue engineering matrix materials. METHODS: A computer search of CNKI and PubMed (1999-01/2011-03) was performed to find articles addressing cartilage injury and medical suture materials using the keywords of “bone, materials, modified” in Chinese and English. Articles published in the recent or in authorized journals were preferred. Finally, 28 of 237 articles were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Ideal bone matrix materials must have good biocompatibility, appropriate hardness, and can provide an ideal environment for cell adsorption, regeneration and reproduction. The advantages and disadvantages in the use of various bone matrix materials still exist. Therefore, in order to achieve the desired result of the matrix material, to select the desired matrix material is particularly critical, and necessary surface modification is required to meet the ideal matrix material needs. Related Articles | Metrics

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Tissue engineering methods to repair congenital microtia: Scaffolds, templates and skin coverage Sun Zhi-lu, Li Xiao-jing 2011, 15 (29):  5429-5432.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.027 Abstract ( 139 )   PDF (648KB) ( 541 )   Save BACKGROUND: Microtia is a relatively serious physical deformity, not only influences patients’ appearance, but also brings heavy psychometrics burden to patients and their families. Now, the better treatments are auricular reconstruction. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progresses on improvement and development of auricular reconstruction in recent years, providing better experience and research direction for clinical treatment. METHODS: A computer online search was performed to find papers published between January 1990 and December 2010 in databases of CNKI and PubMed. The keywords in the title and abstract were “microtia; auricular reconstruction; auricular framework” in Chinese and English. Related articles published recently or published in authoritative magazines were preferred. According to the inclusion criteria, 30 articles were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Auricular reconstruction is one of the most difficult and most challenging plastic surgery in plastic surgery field, one of the most important methods of treatment to improve the patient appearance, adjust psychology, restore confidence and improve the quality of life of the patients. Through realizing the improvement and progress of the latest auricular reconstruction, looking for more suitable as auricle cartilaginous framework material is still one of the ear urgent problems. The ideal auricular reconstruction to provide perfect lifelike appearance and improve hearing function is the ultimate goal of microtia treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and safety evaluation of different dental implant materials Xuan Yong-hua 2011, 15 (29):  5433-5436.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.028 Abstract ( 102 )   PDF (595KB) ( 1192 )   Save BACKGROUND: Currently, clinical dental implant materials are various with their own advantages and disadvantages, which one is better in clinical application and has good biocompatibility? OBJECTIVE: To review the progress of different dental implant materials and to evaluate the compatibility of dental implants with the host as well as their clinical prospect. METHODS: CNKI and PubMed (2000-01/2011-03) were retrieved for articles addressing application of dental implant materials using the keywords of “dental implant; polymer alloy composite material; ceramic/aluminum alloy” in English and “dental implant; tooth implant; alloy; ceramic; polymer material; composite material” in Chinese. Articles about application characteristics of different dental implant materials and their safety were retrieved and 126 articles were found. According to the inclusive criteria, 30 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Alloys, ceramics, polymer materials, composite materials and nanomaterials play an important role in dental implants. The standards for ideal dental implant materials cover various aspects, including biocompatibility, biomechanics, biological morphology, ability to integrate surrounding tissues as well as non-toxicity, non-irritating, non-mutagenicity, and non-teratogenicity to cells and tissues. Good bone conduction and induction abilities are also the properties of ideal dental implant materials. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in treating gynecological diseases Li Guang-hua, He Jin-liang 2011, 15 (29):  5437-5440.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.029 Abstract ( 126 )   PDF (505KB) ( 479 )   Save BACKGROUND: Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system is reliable in contraception by inhibiting endometrium. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate effects of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in treating gynecological diseases. METHODS: A computer-based online search of CBM, PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed), Wanfang database (http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn), and google search was performed for articles related to levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in treating gynecological diseases, published between 1990 and 2010. Repetitive studies were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 17 articles were included. As intrauterine progestogen-releasing system, levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system can be used as a safe and effective contraception method. In addition, it can treat menorrhagia, endometriosis, adenomyosis, protect endometrium, and ameliorate hysteromyoma-induced menorrhagia. Results revealed that levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system can effectively treat gynecological diseases. However, large-sample, long-term clinical studies are required. Related Articles | Metrics

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Biological hemostatic materials in obstetrics and gynecology surgery Wang Lian-lian, Tang Zhi-yi, Luo Na 2011, 15 (29):  5441-5444.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.030 Abstract ( 90 )   PDF (750KB) ( 815 )   Save BACKGROUND: Good bio-dressing or gauze can directly promote blood clotting, not only for extensive bleeding wound, but also for some common obstetrics and gynecology surgeries to reduce bleeding rate. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the material properties and biocompatibility of different bio-dressing or gauzes, and to find proper hemostatic materials for different wounds. METHODS: An electronic search of Wanfang database was performed to retrieve articles about hemostatic materials used in obstetrics and gynecology surgery using the keywords of “obstetrics and gynecology, biomaterial, hemostatic material, gauze, collagen/chitosan”. Repetitive studies, reviews or Meta analysis were excluded, and finally 30 articles were involved. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In recent years, biomedical absorbable hemostatic materials include fibrin glue, chitosan, gelatin sponge, cyano-acrylate tissue glue, oxidized cellulose and oxidized regenerated cellulose. A variety of hemostatic materials have their own characteristics, but the choice used in obstetrics and gynecology should consider various factors, including surgical site, bleeding, wound shape and size, different permeability/bleeding, different material performance and body compatibility and so on. There are no ideal materials, so the development of new rapid hemostatic materials and composite materials with good compatibility is imperative. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and evaluation of drug-eluting stent in treatment of elderly coronary artery-associated diseases Li Li 2011, 15 (29):  5445-5448.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.031 Abstract ( 134 )   PDF (616KB) ( 452 )   Save BACKGROUND: Drug-eluting stent significantly reduced the restenosis of stent implantation in the coronary artery, and its application became extensive. OBJECTIVE: To investigate how to elevate the compatibility of drug-eluting stent in elderly cardiovascular disease from aspects of material and clinical application. METHODS: The key words were “drug eluting, cardiovascular stent, biocompatibility, elderly, intervention”. We retrieved Wanfang Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from January 1995 to October 2010. Articles concerning drug-eluting stent in elderly cardiovascular disease were included. Articles of repetitive study or Meta analysis were excluded. Using 25 articles, we analyzed the compatibility of drug-eluting stent in elderly cardiovascular diseases. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Elderly patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease became more and more. The therapeutic effect and application of stent implantation have been verified by evidence-based medicine. However, because of the age and physical and mental conditions of elderly patients, stent implantation-induced thrombus, aneurysm and stent displacement, the safety and biocompatibility of stent implantation in elderly patients should be high. The appearance of drug-eluting stent perfectly combined cardiovascular intervention and local slow release, greatly reduced the rate of vascular restenosis of traditional stent, elevated biocompatibility after stent implantation, and brought good perspective for elderly cardiovascular disease. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research and application of ceramic crown and related ceramic splicing agent Weng Bei-jun, Li Guo-qiang 2011, 15 (29):  5449-5452.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.032 Abstract ( 146 )   PDF (584KB) ( 507 )   Save BACKGROUND: Ceramic crown reparation is one of the developing tendencies of oral fixed dentures. Ceramic crown reparation depends on upstanding resin splicing agent in order to ensure its clinical success. Nowadays, ceramic crown reparation resin splicing agent and dentinal splicing technique, as well as surface treatment technology of porcelain are still being explored and improved, so as to further improve clinical splicing effects. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress on ceramic crown and related ceramic splicing agent. METHODS: The literatures related to ceramic crown and ceramic splicing agent from PubMed database (2000/2010) and Wanfang database were retrieved by the first author, with the key words of “ceramic crown, bond, interface” in English and Chinese, respectively. Finally, 24 documents were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Ideal resin splicing agent which should have the characters of low consistency, fine flowability, and the thickness do not affect restoration, high intensity, wear-resisting and so on. Ceramic crown is a new dental prosthetic restoration. It is becoming gradually widespread in clinical application, and there are a lot of new adhesives developed in recent years. The performance difference of bonding materials and the evaluations of effect on ceramic crow adhesives are not the same. The article summarizes the research progress on ceramic crown and related ceramic splicing agent at home and abroad presently and recommends the performance, surface treatment and splicing techniques of the adhesives systematically, which can provide theoretical basis for clinical application extensively. Related Articles | Metrics

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Biofilm on the surface of polymers Li Hong-mei, Ji Jun-hui 2011, 15 (29):  5453-5458.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.033 Abstract ( 117 )   PDF (866KB) ( 424 )   Save BACKGROUND: Widely application of medical devices, especially application of polymeric catheters and tubes is one of the important approaches which lead to catheter-related infection. Biofilm which formed on the surface of the polymeric medical devices in the application process is just the reason for this nosocomial infection. OBJECTIVE: To review the formation procedures of biofilm and the factors influencing the formation and progression of biofilm, as well as common methods to inhibit biofilm formation. METHODS: With key words “mycoderm, biomembrane, biofilm”; “polymer, plastics, rubber” in Chinese and English, a computer-based online search of medline, life sciences, Toxline plus, Derwent drug file, CBMDisc, and CMCC, as well as www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, www.uspto.gov, www.patent.com.cn, was performed. A total of 214 articles were collected, and 43 were included after eliminating repetitive and similar articles. RERULTS AND CONCLUSION: Formation procedure and mechanism of biofilm on the surface of polymeric devices have been expounded clearly, but researches on biofilm mainly focus on microbiology, medicine or gene, and antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of biofilm. This paper reviewed the effects of matrix material on the inhibiting of formation biofilm and possibility to use in clinic. Related Articles | Metrics

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Characterization of vaccine nanoparticles mucosal delivery system Huang Ting-ting, Hou Zhi-yong, Zhang Xiao-yan, Chen Gang, Hao Lian-wei, Zhao Kai 2011, 15 (29):  5459-5462.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.034 Abstract ( 151 )   PDF (553KB) ( 460 )   Save BACKGROUND: As a vaccine mucosal delivery system, nanoparticle system has many advantages, including antigen protection, simplified immune procedure and facilitated transport of the antigen. OBJECTIVE: To introduce the characteristics of mucosal delivery system, overview the application and prospect of the vaccine mucosal delivery technologies based on nanoparticles. METHODS: Using the database of CNKI, Sciencedirect, and Pubmed to search the related articles about vaccine nanoparticles mucosal delivery system published between January 1997 and June 2010 with key words “nanoparticles, vaccine, mucosal immune delivery, PLGA, chitosan” in Chinese and English. Related articles were selected, which were published in authoritative journals in the same field. There were 168 articles after the initial survey, and 48 articles related vaccine nanoparticles mucosal delivery system were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Biomaterials used in vaccine nanoparticles mucosal delivery system include hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity nanoparticles, which have good biological features, such as biodegradability, low toxicity, and antigen protection. Moreover, they can be modified and used as carriers for different drugs to enhance immunity and allow long-term expression and release of drugs or DNA in vivo. They significantly enlarge application range of vaccine nanoparticles mucosal delivery system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Properties and application of medical porous tantalum in knee joint injury Wang Da-peng, Li Qi-jia, Wang Zhi-qiang 2011, 15 (29):  5463-5466.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.035 Abstract ( 126 )   PDF (621KB) ( 422 )   Save BACKGROUND: A lot of metal scaffolds have been applied in human body, some materials have shortcomings, but medical porous tantalum exhibited steady properties for clinical and scientific research, it is increasingly becoming a new development direction for bone tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE: To review the structural characteristics, mechanical properties, biological characteristics and the application of porous tantalum in knee joint injuries. METHODS: Chinese Journal Full-text and Pubmed databases from December 1955 to January 2010 were searched on computer by using “porous tantalum, bone tissue engineering, biological material, trabecula metal” in English and Chinese as the key words. Totally 81 literatures were screened out. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Structural characteristics of medical porous tantalum has a three-dimensional porous structure, which is beneficial to osteoblast cell adhesion, differentiation and growth, promoting bone ingrowth; mechanical properties of porous tantalum are close to that of normal bone tissue in the elastic modulus, fatigue resistance and friction coefficient; biological characteristics of porous tantalum showed good biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, capacities of bone induction and regeneration; it has a bright application future in knee injury treatment, but few studies report the application of medical porous tantalum in China and the study was not thorough enough, which need more in-depth study and exploration. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application choice of scaffold materials for cartilage tissue engineering Zhang Jiao-jiao, Wang Dong-qing, Wang Zhi-qiang, Zhai Li-jie 2011, 15 (29):  5467-5470.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.036 Abstract ( 77 )   PDF (564KB) ( 489 )   Save BACKGROUND: Articular cartilage cannot repair completely after injury. Scaffolds play a vital role in this process. Compound cartilage tissue constructed by tissue engineering method has become new research field of cartilage repair. Scaffold materials play an important role in the process of cartilage repair, and the choice of scaffold materials would influence the whole repair process. OBJECTIVE: To fully understand advantages and disadvantages of cartilage tissue engineering scaffold material in order to guide the selection. METHODS: The contents about cartilage tissue engineering scaffold material from CBM database, PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed), Wanfang database (http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn), and google academic network in November 2010 were retrieved by the first author with the key words of “cartilage, tissue engineering, scaffold materials, bone mesenchymal stem cell” om English and Chinese, respectively. The retrieval time was limited to 1990/2010. Duplicate researches were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 1 185 articles were primarily selected according to reading title and abstract, the objective unrelated to this paper and repetitive 1 142 researches were excluded. A total of 43 documents were involved for summarization, finally 29 documents of them were included. Scaffolds used in tissue engineering, whether natural or synthetic, there are certain defects, such as too fast or too slow degradation in vivo, poor biocompatibility, and inflammation, The most important thing is cartilage tissue engineering is still a big gap from the clinical application. However, in the future tissue engineering scaffold material research is focused on improving existing materials and preparation process, developed composite materials, biomimetic materials, nano materials and modified natural materials. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluated methods and developmental trend of biocompatibility of biomaterials Li Rui, Wang Qing-shan 2011, 15 (29):  5471-5474.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.037 Abstract ( 170 )   PDF (585KB) ( 1214 )   Save BACKGROUND: The evaluation of biomaterial biocompatibility is a key step before the clinical application, but the current international standard evaluation system has not been completely established, which affected the research of biomaterials. OBJECTIVE: To review and prospect the evaluation method of biomaterials on biocompatibility. METHODS: “Biomaterials, biocompatibility, evaluated methods, trend” in English was utilized as search terms to retrieve PubMed database (2000-01/2010-08). Literatures were limited to English. Simultaneously, “biomaterials, biocompatibility, evaluated methods, trend” in Chinese was used to search CNKI database. Literatures were limited to Chinese. A total of 104 literatures were retrieved, and finally 5 standard literatures were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Biomaterials must have a good biocompatibility to ensure security of clinical application. Biomaterials does not cause clinical reaction and can tolerate the role of the host systems to remain relative stable, no destruction, and exclusion of the biological properties, which was a good biocompatibility. The evaluated method of biocompatibility of biomaterials is an indispensable key before clinical experiment. With the rapid development of molecular biology, the evaluated methods of biocompatibility of biomaterials have been more and more diversification and their evaluation have been raised from the cell level to molecular level. Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of biomaterials in female pelvic reconstruction Yang Xiang, Tong Xiao-wen, Li Huai-fang 2011, 15 (29):  5475-5478.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.038 Abstract ( 103 )   PDF (538KB) ( 485 )   Save BACKGROUND: The biological material is expected to overcome complications of the synthetic mesh for reconstructive pelvic surgery. Heterogeneous biological materials have been widely used in the field of female pelvic floor reconstruction recently due to the wide source. OBJECTIVE: To summarize basic and clinical research progress of biological mesh in the field of female pelvic floor reconstruction in recent years. Clinical efficacy and complications of different biological materials were also reviewed. METHODS: A comprehensive retrieval of CNKI and Pubmed search from January 2000 to August 2010 was undertaken using the key words of “xenograft, surgical mesh, biomaterial, prolapse, stress urinary incontinence” in English and “biomaterial; pelvic reconstruction; prolapse; stress urinary incontinence” in Chinese. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 177 literatures were collected, and 35 articles were included. The histological reaction of biological mesh was mainly determined by the pore size and the chemical cross-linking structure. Clinical efficacy and complications of different biological materials showed significant differences due to difference in properties, surgical approaches, grouping criteria and follow-up standards. Patients’ age and history of previous pelvic surgeries were the two main factors that affected success rate of reconstruction surgery. Currently, large-sample clinical evidence are not available to support that biological mesh is better than synthetic mesh in pelvic floor reconstruction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of implant, imaging and instrument in maxillary sinus augmentation Zhao Hui, Xiao Juan, Zhang Qi, Lin Ying-jie 2011, 15 (29):  5479-5482.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.039 Abstract ( 104 )   PDF (537KB) ( 477 )   Save BACKGROUND: In recent years, the feasibility and the methods of applying bone substitute materials in maxillary sinus augmentation are in dispute, the developing instruments and imaging greatly facilitate the clinical application of maxillary sinus augmentation and modify surgical procedures, new surgical procedures have been reported to promote the maturation and development of maxillary sinus augmentation. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of materials research, clinical applications of maxillofacial cone CT and ultrasound bone knife in maxillary sinus augmentation. METHODS: PubMed database, SCI database, VIP database and Wanfang database from 2000 to 2010 were retrieved by the first author for articles about the maxillary sinus bone graft material, imaging and device applications, improved surgical procedures and other aspects. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The development of materials science, imaging science and instrument in maxillary sinus augmentation can provide scientific service for preoperative diagnosis and measurement, operation design, prognosis design of oral implant. Current deficiencies and unsolved issues are addressed as: the selection and application of bone graft material in maxillary sinus augmentation, more effective and powerful comparisons are not available due to shorter observations of the bone graft; abandonment of bone graft material requires more research and experimental verification; maxillofacial cone CT is only the three-dimensional imaging of hard tissue, it cannot observe the conditions and measurement information of mucosa and other soft tissues, needing further research and development; ultrasonic bone knife emerges recently, the selection and operating skills of instrument working head require further exploration and clinical improvement. Related Articles | Metrics

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Methods of analysis of the implant surface properties Jia Ting-ting, Hou Yu-dong 2011, 15 (29):  5483-5485.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.040 Abstract ( 107 )   PDF (521KB) ( 322 )   Save BACKGROUND: Implant surface properties can affect the biological reaction after implantation, promote the occurrence of osseointegration and it is important for the function of implant. But at present, research on the methods of analysis of the implant surface properties is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To review and prospect the methods of analysis of the implant surface properties. METHODS: Taking “implant, surface property, tools of analysis, trend” in English and Chinese, respectively as search terms, CNKI database and PubMed database (2001-01/2010-09) were retrieved. Totally 20 literatures related to the methods of analysis of the implant surface properties were involved for further analysis. Outdated and duplicated documents were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The implant surface properties including chemical and physical properties. Energy dispersive spectrometer and other spectroscopy technologies can be used to evaluate the chemical properties of implant surface, while optical interferometry and scanning electron microscope are used to evaluate the physical properties. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical use of removable partial dentures of Vitallium 2000 casting frame Liu Yang, Li Zhen-chun, Chen Xiao-dong 2011, 15 (29):  5486-5488.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.041 Abstract ( 119 )   PDF (496KB) ( 791 )   Save BACKGROUND: As late introduction to China, Vitallium 2000 has been rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinic effect of Vitallium 2000 as framework material in removable partial denture. METHODS: Eighty-six Vitallium 2000 framework removable partial dentures were used for 67 patients, clinical examination were carried out from 1 to 2 years, and the condition of abutment and the performance of dentures were recorded based on self-evaluation and intraoral examination. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The removable partial dentures with Vitallium 2000 framework are comfortable and good as well as its masticatory function and retention, and they especially can be designed for some free-end clinical cases. In the study, one case of repeated tenderness underwent re-produced denture, and the artificial tooth and denture base had a good bite force; in 6 months and 1 year re-examination, a total of three cases presented with abutment periodontitis, and they were all recovered at 2 months following periodontal treatment. Vitallium 2000 framework removable partial dentures have a good clinical effect. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of a new liver blood inflow banding Tong Ying-dan, He Jian-tai, Zhang Yang-de 2011, 15 (29):  5489-5492.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.042 Abstract ( 92 )   PDF (598KB) ( 275 )   Save BACKGROUND: To effectively control the bleeding during liver resection is the key to reduce postoperative mortality and complications. OBJECTIVE: To find a new liver blood inflow banding to provide a new way of liver blood inflow occlusion. METHODS: Harmless materials were chosen: polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, Perfluoroalkoxy polymer, nylon, nylon elastomer, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyurethane, polypropylene, divided into 10 groups. Ten samples were randomly selected from each group to measure the physical and mechanical properties. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nylon with a light weight, high strength, small friction coefficient, easy to process, low cost and other characteristics, make it suitable to produce hepatic blood flow banding material. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of high-flux dialysis membrane on uremic pruritus and solute clearance of maintenance hemodialysis patients Bi Hui, Zhang Min, Yin Cai-lan, Long Gang 2011, 15 (29):  5493-5496.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.043 Abstract ( 129 )   PDF (583KB) ( 671 )   Save BACKGROUND: How to effectively remove uremic toxins, reduce complications and improve the quality of life and long-term prognosis in maintenance hemodialysis patients has been a hot spot. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of high-flux and low-flux polysulfone membrane dialyzers on uremic pruritus and solute remove. METHODS: Thirty-eight maintenance hemodialysis patients with uremic pruritus were randomly divided into high-flux group and low-flux group. High-flux dialyzer FX60 and low-flux dialyzer F6 were used respectively in the two groups. The dialysis was performed three times a week, once for 4 hours. All the patients were follow-up for one year. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, phosphate, β2-microglobulin and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were tested, and solute clearance rate and Kt/ V value were calculated. The degree of skin itch was evaluated by the visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference between the two groups in the decrease of BUN and creatinine (P  > 0.05). But the decreases of phosphate and β2-microglobulin in the high-flux group were higher than that in the low-flux group (P < 0.05). And there was no difference in Kt/V value between the two groups (P > 0.05). After one year, the decrease of PTH in the high-flux group was superior to that in the low-flux group (P  < 0.05), and compared to pretreatment, the skin itch was relieved in both groups (P < 0.05), but the score in the high-flux group was better than that in the low-flux group (P < 0.05). It is indicated that the high-flux dialysis can not only clear the micromolecule toxins, but also increase the clearance of large-middle molecule toxins, and can significantly relieve uremic pruritus. Related Articles | Metrics

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Autologous buccal mucosal transplantation for repair of orbital implant exposure after hydroxyapatite orbital implantation Zhang Xiao-hui, Wang Jian-ming, Wang Feng 2011, 15 (29):  5497-5500.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.044 Abstract ( 145 )   PDF (497KB) ( 513 )   Save BACKGROUND: As for orbital implant exposure, repaired implants include heterologous sclera, amnion, oral mucosa, and separated skin flap. But homologous oral mucosa belongs to mucous tissue, which has mucus secretion function to some degree. Epithelial cell has rapid proliferation and good repair. Additionally, autologous buccal mucosal transplantation cannot suffer rejection. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of autologous buccal mucosal transplantation for repair of orbital implant exposure after hydroxyapatite (HA) orbital implantation. METHODS: Totally 11 cases (11 eyes) orbital implant exposure occurred after HA orbital implantation between January 2006 and October 2010, 6 males and 5 females, aged 41-67, mean age of 54 years. Five cases treated with simple autologous buccal mucosal patch-up, 6 cases with autologous buccal mucosal transplantation + conjunctival sac formation after orbital removal. Survival condition of buccal mucosa, conjunctival sac depth, palpebral fissure highness and facial appearance were observed after transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 1-12 months followed-up, buccal mucosal membrane grew up well and fused with eyeball conjunctiva. Depth of conjunctival sac was normal and binocular palpebral fissure elevated basically symmetry and satisfactory appearance. Eleven patients had no HA re-exposure complications. The results show that autologous buccal mucosal transplantation can effectively repair orbital implant exposure after HA orbital implantation, and also satisfy patients’ esthetic need. Related Articles | Metrics

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Drug release, morphology and cytotoxicity of enantiomeric poly(L-Lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(L-Lactic acid)/poly(D-Lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)- poly(D-Lactic acid) stereocomplex hydrogel Tian Zhi-li, Wu Yao, Liu Rong, Xiao Yan-feng, He Bin, Gu Zhong-wei, Wu Fang 2011, 15 (29):  5501-5506.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.045 Abstract ( 140 )   PDF (590KB) ( 478 )   Save BACKGROUND: Recently biodegradable hydrogel has been extensively used to delivery anticancer drug and bioactive macromolecule. However, to protect the activity of the bioactive macromolecule, we need to obtain series of hydrogel which have milder hydrogelation conditions and shorter hydroglation time. OBJECTIVE: To prepare enantiomeric poly(L-Lactic acid) (PLLA)-poly(ethylene glycol (PEG)-PLLA/ poly(D-Lactic acid) (PDLA)-PEG-PDLA stereocomplex hydrogel which has shorter hydroglation time, to physically encapsulate a model drug-lysozyme and sustained release it from the hydrogel. METHODS: Triblock copolymers of PLLA-PEG-PLLA and PDLA-PEG-PDLA were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of L(D)-lactide using PEG as the initiator and Sn(Oct)2 as the catalyst. The triblock copolymers were characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, FT-IR and X-Ray diffractometry. A hydrogel was prepared from an aqueous mixture of PLLA20-PEG227-PLLA20 and PDLA21-PEG227-PDLA21 (10 wt% concentration) at room temperature for 12 hours. X-Ray diffractometry test was used to research the gelation mechanism. The release profile of the lysozyme as a model drug from the hydrogel was tested. The morphology of the freeze-dried hydrogel was investigated by scanning electron microscope. The cytotoxicity of the hydrogel was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Triblock copolymers of PLLA-PEG-PLLA and PDLA-PEG-PDLA were obtained. Both the PEG and PLA blocks in the copolymers could crystallize, but the crystallization of the PEG block was predominant. The stereocomplex formation between the PLLA and PDLA blocks within the hydrogel was confirmed by the X-Ray diffractometry analysis. The release profile of the lysozyme from the hydrogel exhibited a sustained-release pattern with a duration period of 7 days. The hydrogel exhibited a 3D interconnected porous structure with 50-100 μm pore size after being freeze-dried. The mouse fibroblast cell viability percentage was 99.3% after the cells contacted with the 100% extracted liquid for 72 hours. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and mechanism of anticoagulatent biomedical polymer materials with blood compatibility Chen Bao-lin, Wang Dong-an 2011, 15 (29):  5507-5510.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.29.046 Abstract ( 131 )   PDF (237KB) ( 501 )   Save BACKGROUND: Biomedical materials contact internal environment of human body, and sometimes are implanted into organism. Therefore, they should have biocompatibility, chemical stability, suitable physical mechanical function and simple processing and molding, but no toxicity. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the preparation of biomedical polymer anticoagulant materials in the aspects of bioinert material, biological active surface, albumin structure and application in anticoagulation. METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed and Wanfang database was performed for articles related to preparation of biomedical polymer anticoagulant materials published between 1969 and 2010. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Currently preparation of anticoagulant materials commonly utilizes bioinert surface or bioactive surface alone, which has obtained good effects, but the biocompatibility, such as blood compatibility, cannot be retained for a long period of time. The combination of bioinert surface and bioactive surface plus albumin, natural constitutions in human blood may be the trend of anticoagulant materials development. Polyethylene glycol with high bioinert property in combination with albumin recognition factor cibacron blue with high bioactivity can be used to prepare active modifier, which is used to modify polyurethane. Related Articles | Metrics