Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Currently, clinical dental implant materials are various with their own advantages and disadvantages, which one is better in clinical application and has good biocompatibility?
OBJECTIVE: To review the progress of different dental implant materials and to evaluate the compatibility of dental implants with the host as well as their clinical prospect.
METHODS: CNKI and PubMed (2000-01/2011-03) were retrieved for articles addressing application of dental implant materials using the keywords of “dental implant; polymer alloy composite material; ceramic/aluminum alloy” in English and “dental implant; tooth implant; alloy; ceramic; polymer material; composite material” in Chinese. Articles about application characteristics of different dental implant materials and their safety were retrieved and 126 articles were found. According to the inclusive criteria, 30 articles were included in result analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Alloys, ceramics, polymer materials, composite materials and nanomaterials play an important role in dental implants. The standards for ideal dental implant materials cover various aspects, including biocompatibility, biomechanics, biological morphology, ability to integrate surrounding tissues as well as non-toxicity, non-irritating, non-mutagenicity, and non-teratogenicity to cells and tissues. Good bone conduction and induction abilities are also the properties of ideal dental implant materials.