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17 September 2010, Volume 14 Issue 38 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Adenovirus mediated bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene transfection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with nano-hydroxyapatite to construct bone graft material in vitro Huang Jun-feng, Wang Da-ping, He Chun-lei, Yang Xin-jian, Liu Li-jun, Chen Hong-xian, Peng Liang-quan 2010, 14 (38):  7031-7036.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.001 Abstract ( 269 )   PDF (523KB) ( 383 )   Save BACKGROUND: With advanced tissue engineering and gene engineering technologies, gene enhanced tissue engineered bone provides prosperous application for the repair of bone deficits.  OBJECTIVE: To study the adhesion, proliferation and expression of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on nano-hydroxyapatite (Nano-HA) bone graft material after transfection of adenovirus-mediated human bone morphogenetic protein-2 expression vector (Ad-BMP-2).   METHODS: BMSCs were transfected using Ad-BMP-2. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect BMP-2 expression in transfected cells. After transfected 48 hours, cells were inoculated on Nano-HA bone graft material evenly, scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the adhesion status of cells on material, and MTT test was used to assay the proliferation of transfected BMSCs. Cells adhered on material were gathered on days 3, 5, 7, Western blot was used to detect the expression of BMP-2 of the adhered cells.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After transfection, BMP-2 protein was highly expressed in BMSCs; Using scanning electron microscopy, the transfected BMSCs were seen to grow well around or in pores of the Nano-HA bone graft material, and proliferated. MTT test assay showed that, the Nano-HA bone graft material couldn’t inhibit in vitro proliferation of BMSCs. The transfection cells adhered on composite had a higher BMP-2 protein expression. Results demonstrated that Ad-BMP-2-transfected BMSCs are well biocompatible to Nano-HA bone graft material, the transfected cells in material can secrete BMP-2 stably for a long time. Related Articles | Metrics

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In vitro study of bone adhesive mainly composed of sodium alginate Zhang Jian-xin, Gao Ya-hui, Pan Zhuang-zhuang, Cai Zhen-zhen, Lin Yu-yang 2010, 14 (38):  7037-7040.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.002 Abstract ( 316 )   PDF (316KB) ( 441 )   Save BACKGROUND: The ideal treatment for comminuted fracture is to directly bind bone fragments using adhesive, medical adhesive has been widely used in clinical practice. But little information is available regarding the biogel derived from the plants for the fixation of fracture block. OBJECTIVE: To prepare a new biological adhesive mainly composed of alginate gels that can fix bone fracture block in vitro and observe the binding effect. METHODS: The cortex bones of femur from commercially available fresh pigs were prepared into 2-cm2 bone blocks whose area of section was about 1 cm2. The alginate gels were mingled with sodium carboxymnthyl cellulose and guar gum separately in certain proportion. The bone specimens were fixed by the glue and then cured with calcium chloride solution. Shear stress force of the bone blocks was measured on the day of the experimentation, and 1, 2, 3 weeks after saline infiltrated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The adhesive bonding strength had a normal distribution curve over time, and reached the peak one week later (shear stress was 17 000 σ/Pa), then gradually reduced. The adhesives could firmly fix 1-cm2 bone blocks. Modified alginate gel with suitable tackifier could fix small bone block. Related Articles | Metrics

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Transwell co-culture of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes induces cartilage formation Wang Wan-zong, Chen Zong-xiong, Liu Xiao-qiang 2010, 14 (38):  7041-7044.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.003 Abstract ( 275 )   PDF (304KB) ( 572 )   Save BACKGROUND: Articular chondrocytes (ACs) have the ability of promoting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to differentiate to ACs via the secretion of inducing factors, but the study of forming ACs using Transwell to co-culture has not been reported now. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ability of promoting BMSCs differentiation to ACs after co-culturing in Transwell. METHODS: BMSCs were obtained from femoral and tibial shaft of SD rats aged 4 weeks, ACs were obtained from the surface of normal femoral head of SD rats aged 4 weeks. The third passage of BMSCs and ACs were harvested and placed into Transwell co-culture system at a ratio of 1:1, BMSCs were placed in the bottom and ACs in the upper. Meanwhile BMSCs at the same concentration served as control group, cultured in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Cell proliferation and matrix synthesis were observed under phase contrast microscopy, cell-seeded cover slips in each group were analyzed for glucose amino glycan content detection and type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The number of co-cultured BMSCs increased, synthesis of extracellular matrix was rich, the matrix can be stained yellow by type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemical staining. Glucose amino glycan content increased with the induction time increasing. The secretions of ACs have the ability of promoting BMSCs to transform to ACs. Meanwhile, BMSCs can secrete cell factors to stimulate tissue restoring, thus strengthening the function of ACs in Transwell. ACs and BMSCs co-culture inducing has its unique advantages. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and properties of calcium polyphosphate fiber reinforced poly (D-lactide) as cartilage tissue engineered scaffold Wang Yan-ping, Zhang Fa-qi,Wang Xiu-li, Zhu Ling-yun 2010, 14 (38):  7045-7047.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.004 Abstract ( 250 )   PDF (293KB) ( 345 )   Save BACKGROUND: Conventional scaffolds, such as polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and copolymers of the two, have good biocompatibility, and have been widely used in manufacturing cell delivery and tissue engineered scaffolds. However, they are easily deformed, and degrade for a long time. OBJECTIVE: To prepare a composite scaffold of calcium polyphosphate fiber reinforced poly (D-lactide) for cartilage tissue engineering, to perform experimental study and theoretical analysis of the physical, mechanical characteristics and degradation, and to verify the feasibility of optimizing compounding. METHODS: Taking calcium polyphosphate fiber as reinforced materials and poly (D-Lactide) as matrix materials in a ratio of 67/33, the composite scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering were fabricated by solvent-casting particulate-leaching and gas foam methods, and their properties of physical mechanics and degradation were tested. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The prepared composite scaffolds exhibited high porosity, arranging 80%-93%. The scaffolds have higher compressive modulus than polylactic acid scaffolds, and showed controllable degradation characteristics, which can provide three-dimensional microenvironment for cell proliferation. The composites of calcium polyphosphate fiber reinforced poly (D-Lactide) can meet the mechanics and degradation demand of cartilage tissue engineering, so they can be used as scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison on promoting revascularization of DegraPol scaffold covered by omentum and subcutaneous in vivo Yang Lin, Wu Yan-ge, Sun Xue-feng, Wang Zheng 2010, 14 (38):  7048-7050.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010. 38.005 Abstract ( 413 )   PDF (256KB) ( 353 )   Save BACKGROUND: How to solve rapid vascularization is the key to success of tissue engineering when the tissue engineered organs are implanted into body. OBJECTIVE: To compare the difference of revascularization between the tissue engineered scaffold DegraPol covered by omentum and subcutaneous, and to find an effective method for rapid revascularization in vivo. METHODS: Using the anatomic technology of vascular cast, revascularization of DegraPol scaffold implanted by omentum and subcutaneously was compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: More blue developing micro-capillary vessels wrapped the outer DegraPol scaffolds in omental implants than in subcutaneous implants. In porous scaffold, relative abundant new vessels formed in omental implant group. Subcutaneous implant group found no neovacularization. The vascularization degree of omentum implant was significantly higher than subcutaneous implant (P < 0.05). Omentum is effective in promoting to establish blood circulation, can be used as a viable method of tissue engineered revascularization. Related Articles | Metrics

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Small-caliber tissue engineered blood vessels cultivated in vivo Han Ben-song, Fan Cun-yi, Zhang Jing, Xue Feng, Xu Xue-rong, Wang Wei-cai 2010, 14 (38):  7051-7054.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.006 Abstract ( 248 )   PDF (339KB) ( 312 )   Save BACKGROUND: The artificial blood vessel is vital organs widely used in the field of clinical tissue repair, but small-caliber artificial blood vessels are prone to embolism, and difficult to maintain smooth for a long time, although tissue engineered vessels can be used as a permanent replacement, it costs a long time to culture, which does not meet the clinical practice of vascular repair. It is an ideal method of vascular repair and reconstruction that timely repair blood vessels, restore blood flow, also form biological vessels in vivo and maintain long-term patency. OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility of cultivating the small-caliber blood vessels under in vivo blood flow circulation with modified porcine small intestinal submucosa as the scaffold. METHODS: The seed cells including vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were separated from the canine saphenous artery, which were mixed with collagen gel and planted on the small intestinal submucosa films, these films were wrapped up into 30 three-layer tubular scaffolds around 3 mm diameter polyethylene tubes, and the scaffolds were implanted into the defect of canine femoral artery for anastomosis as experimental group, while those were implanted into the subcutaneous tissue served as control. After operation, the formation process of blood vessels was evaluated by Doppler color ultrasound, histology detection, immunohistochemistry examination. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 12 weeks postoperatively, 14 scaffolds had kept well patency in the experimental group, vascular biologic structures evidently formed, the seed cells well proliferated, the lumen surface was completely covered with endothelial cells, smooth muscular cells morphology and distribution were good. In control group, tube structure was incomplete, seed cells proliferated poorly, lumen surface was covered without endothehal cells. By in vivo tissue engineering technology, the small-caliber blood vessels could be cultivated directly under the circulation of blood flow. Related Articles | Metrics

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Surface biocompatibility of Dacron vascular prosthesis coated with phosphorylcholine Xia Cheng-yong, Liu Chang-jian, Yang Neng-hua 2010, 14 (38):  7055-7058.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.007 Abstract ( 378 )   PDF (504KB) ( 711 )   Save BACKGROUND: Preliminary study found that Dacron vascular prosthesis may inhibit anastomotic intimal and smooth muscle hyperplasia, reduce anastomotic stenosis and increase blood flow by grafting 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC). OBJECTIVE: To study the biocompatibility of Dacron vascular prosthesis coated with 2-MPC by ozonization in rabbit model. METHODS: Dacron vascular prosthesis was grafted with MPC by ozonization and pruned into oval patches at 5 mm × 2 mm. Totally 24 New Zealand rabbits were processed into occluding the abdominal aorta and longitudinally incising the anterior wall of the abdominal aorta. Rabbits were divided into two groups randomly. The treated group was transplanted with Dacron prosthesis grafted MPC, while control group with Dacron prosthesis without MPC graft. At 1 day and 1, 2, 4 weeks postoperation, rabbits were killed for hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the intimal hyperplasia and blood cell adhesion on the surface of Dacron prosthesis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The surface of Dacron vascular prosthesis grafted MPC reduced neointimal proliferation compared with the control group. The thickness of intimal hyperplasia was not measured due to Dacron graft surface was not flat. Stratification of the neointima was found in the control groups at 2 weeks postoperation in Masson staining, and a great deal of cells infiltrated in the lower layer, not obvious in the superficial layer. No obvious stratification in neointima was found in the treated group until 4 weeks. Perhaps it had stratification. The lower lay was so thin than attachment to the Dacron graft surface was not obvious. It is believed that in the Dacron vascular prosthesis grafted MPC, effectively inhibit thrombosis, infiltration of inflammatory cells and deposition of fibrinogen, reduce hyperplasia of neointimal. Dacron vascular prosthesis coated with MPC significantly gets better biocompatibility. Related Articles | Metrics

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Biocompatibility and bioactivity of an electrically conducting polymer, oxidized polypyrrole/polystyrene sulfate, for stimulation of neurite outgrowth in vitro Zhou Yan, Yu Xin-guang, Yu Long, Zhang Qing-wu, Su Chong-de, Xu Xue-jun 2010, 14 (38):  7059-7064.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.008 Abstract ( 461 )   PDF (462KB) ( 455 )   Save BACKGROUND: Synthesis of conductive polymers is flexible, the conductive polymer may show different and more suitable surface properties by changing the synthesis conditions. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biocompatibility of a conductive polymer-oxidized polypyrrole/polystyrene sulfate for stimulation of neurite outgrowth in vitro. METHODS: The polypyrrole/polystyrene sulfate film was synthesized electrochemically and tested on electrochemical characters. The experiments were observed in four groups, including electrical stimulation, non-stimulation, blank control and solution control groups. The neurite outgrowth of pheochromocytoma cell line PC 12 was evaluated after in vitro electrical stimulation. The polypyrrole/polystyrene sulfate-polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid disks were fabricated and implanted in adult male Lewis rats, to evaluate both short-term and long-term inflammatory response, as well as the histocompatibility. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Image analysis of in vitro culture demonstrated that PC-12 cells attached and differentiated equally well on both polypyrrole/polystyrene sulfate films and control groups. Qualitative observation of polypyrrole/polystyrene sulfate film matrix after electrical stimulation showed that, PC-12 cells cultured on polypyrrole/polystyrene sulfate films and subjected to an electrical stimulus showed a significant increase in neurite lengths compared with ones that were not subjected to electrical stimulation. In addition, the spreading morphous for PC-12 cells grown subjected to an electrical stimulus was greater than ones in control groups, but no cytotoxic reaction occurred. In vivo experiment proved no inflammatory response was induced by polypyrrole/polystyrene sulfate films. The polypyrrole/polystyrene sulfate film is a suitable material and shows good histocompatibility. Related Articles | Metrics

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Histological changes of the grafted dermal substitutes made of silk fibroin Li Li, Zhang Yin-feng, Li Ke, Li Yong-lin 2010, 14 (38):  7065-7068.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.009 Abstract ( 258 )   PDF (843KB) ( 503 )   Save BACKGROUND: A variety of dermal substitutes with effective clinical results have now been developed by foreign researchers. But the price is very expensive, so it’s important to develop economical dermal substitutes with high quality. OBJECTIVE: To observe the histological changes in the dermal substitutes made of China oak silk fibroin after grafting, and to compare with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sponge. METHODS: A full-thickness skin defect at the size of 20 mm × 20 mm was made in the back of clean male SD rats, the skin was cur off into split-thick skin, which were randomized into two groups. Composite transplant of silk fibroin, as a new dermal surrogate, and autologous epidermis was grafted to repair wounds in the experimental group. Composite transplant of polyvinylalcohol sponge, as a new dermal surrogate, and autologous epidermis was grafted to repair wounds in the control group. The tissue biopsies were harvested at 5, 10, 15, 25 post grafting days. The gross appearance and histological changes of the grafts and surrounding tissue were observed. Relative quantitative analysis of transforming growth factor-β1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen were detected by immunohistochemical method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The composite skin grafts grew and survived well in the silk fibroin group, while most of the transplants in the sponge group were necrotic and scabbed, even dropped. Immunohistochemical assay showed that the levels of transforming growth factor-β1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression were dramatically higher in silk fibroin group than those in the sponge group during 5 to 25 post grafting days. The revascularization of tissue engineered dermal substitutes made of silk fibroin could begin shortly after grafting, the biocompatibility of silk fibroin is fantastic and it can facilitate the healing of skin wounds. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and physicochemical properties of carboxymethyl chitosan-carboxymethyl cellulose anti-adhesive film Xiao Hai-jun, Hou Chun-lin, Xue Feng 2010, 14 (38):  7069-7074.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.010 Abstract ( 337 )   PDF (530KB) ( 625 )   Save BACKGROUND: Chitosan can prevent adhesion, and be made into different forms, such as gel, solution, sponge-like and thin films, etc., but the solution and the gel flow easily, and it is difficult to form a high local concentration, while simple chitosan-made sponge and thin films have insufficient mechanical strength and toughness. OBJECTIVE: To prepare a kind of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCH)-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) crosslinked film with fine physical and biologic properties for postoperative anti-adhesion. METHODS: CMCH-CMC film were prepared successfully at different ratios of CMCH and CMC, glutaraldehyde and ammonium aluminium sulfate cross-linked, followed by glycerin plasticity. The formula was chosen through orthogonal experimental design according to film color, tensile strength, breaking elongation, swelling ratio, water absorption ratio, touching angle. The preparation techniques were optimized and the preparation procedure was determined. The physiochemical characteristics of the film sample were detected through scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectrum. The biodegradable time of the film in SD rats was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The optimized formula was as follows: the ratio of CMCH to CMC was 1: 1; the concentration of ammonium aluminium sulfate, glycerin, and glutaraldehyde was 0.15%, 0.8%, 0.003 0% respectively. The obtained film was yellowish, translucent, at the thickness of 0.09 mm. The water absorption ratio of the prepared film was 964%, the swelling ratio was 3.25; the maximal tensile strength was 20 MPa in dry state while 5 MPa in wet state; the touching angle was averagely 35°. There are some strong interactions and good compatibility between CMCH and CMC molecules in the cross-linked film. The morphology of CMCH-CMC film had crossed fibroid structure with irregular porous structures at the surface. The CMCH-CMC film placed in rats hydrated to a gel within 10 days and absorbed completely at the site 1 month later. The CMCH-CMC film has good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and feasible strength that could be sutured. Related Articles | Metrics

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Rat sciatic nerve injury treated with anti-adhesion membranes of modified chitosan Zeng Qing-min, Wu Jing-ping, Yin Wang-ping, Zhang Jian 2010, 14 (38):  7075-7079.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.011 Abstract ( 253 )   PDF (9934KB) ( 751 )   Save BACKGROUND: Chitosan has good biocompatibility and biodegradability with animals and human bodies, it can support Schwann cell grow on chitosan membranes and markedly inhibit fibroblast growth. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of modified chitosan anti-adhesion membranes on sciatic nerve regeneration in rats. METHODS: Bilateral sciatic nerve was cut off in 60 SD rats, and the outer membrane was sutured. The suture of unilateral sciatic nerve was randomly packaged with modified chitosan anti-adhesion membrane, while the contralateral suture served as the controls. At 20, 30, 40 days post-operation, the electrophysiology and histological detections were performed, to observe the effect of modified chitosan anti-adhesion isolated membrane on sciatic nerve regeneration of rats. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the controlled suture, the modified chitosan anti-adhesion membranes aggravated the inflammatory response of nerve stumps. With the degradation of the membranes, inflammation relieved gradually, fiber hyperplasia of nerve tissue was relieved. At 30 days after sciatic nerve injury, the speed of conduction velocity of regenerated nerve was faster at the treated side, the nerve-muscle latency recorded by soleus muscle was shortened (P < 0.05). The density of nerve regenerated axons was significantly greater in the modified chitosan anti-adhesion membrane group than in the control group at every point after 30 days of injury. Although modified chitosan anti-adhesion membrane aggravate the inflammatory response of peripheral nerve injury in early stage, with the degradation of the membranes, inflammation relieves gradually. It could relieve fiber hyperplasia of nerve tissue and prevent adhesion, and it can improve recovery of conduction velocity and regeneration of nerve axon. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of altered lipid metabolism in microencapsulated HepG2 cells on the mitochondrial function and protein synthesis Xiao Jing, Zhang Ying, Yu Wei-ting, Guo Xin, Wang Wei, Ma Xiao-jun 2010, 14 (38):  7082-7086.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.013 Abstract ( 255 )   PDF (343KB) ( 451 )   Save BACKGROUND: The growth and production characteristics of animals, plants and microbial cells cultured in a special micro-environment, are different from those under normal physiological conditions or conventional culture environment, and this change achieves a relatively favorable micro-environment of the organisms under the premise of maintaining total macro-environment and conditions. Microencapsulated environment determines cell growth and metabolism behavior, and is closely related with function of microencapsulated cells. OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of altered lipid metabolism occurred in microencapsulated hepatic cells on the mitochondrial function and protein synthesis capacity. METHODS: Microencapsulated HepG2 cells were incubated in MEM with 1 μmol/L fluvastatin and cultured at 37 ℃ in an atmosphere with 5% volume fraction of CO2. The contents of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and albumin in the microencapsulated HepG2 cells were measured before and after fluvastatin intervention, as well as mitochondrial function. The growth of microencapsulated HepG2 cells was observed under phase-contrast microscopy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: ①Total cholesterol and triglyceride were markedly increased in microencapsulated HepG2 cells with the increasing culture time (P < 0.05), and mitochondrial function declined (P < 0.05). ②Fluvastatin at 1 μmol/L reduced the total cholesterol levels in encapsulated HepG2 cells (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the triglycerides level (P > 0.05). ③The inhibition of mitochondrial function and the reduction of albumin levels in microencapsulated cells can be relieved by fluvastatin (P < 0.05). Altered lipid metabolism in microencapsulated HepG2 cells, especially the increasing cholesterol synthesis, contributes to the mitochondrial function inhibition and protein synthesis decline. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of polylactic-co-glycolic acid morphine microspheres and their analgesia effect Zhang Xu-hui, Sun Yong-hai, Zhang Hong 2010, 14 (38):  7087-7090.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.014 Abstract ( 323 )   PDF (692KB) ( 478 )   Save BACKGROUND: Drug microspheres have become a new drug delivery system because of the targeting on specific organs and tissues, as well as slow-release of drugs in particles. Scholars have conducted a series of studies on local anesthetic drug slow-release delivery system, but preparation of narcotic analgesic microspheres is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To prepare biodegradable slow-release microspheres based on polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and morphine, to study the analgesia effect. METHODS: Morphine-PLGA microspheres were prepared by using emulsify-solvent evaporation method, their entrapment efficiency and drug loading content were determined. Healthy male SD rats were divided into 3 groups randomly: blank control group (hypodermic injection of physiological saline), positive control group (hypodermic injection of morphine), microsphere group (hypodermic injection of morphine-PLGA microspheres). The pain threshold was detected using CO2 laser as thermal stimulus. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The morphine-PLGA microspheres were white powders. The entrapment efficiency and drug loading were 33% and 11.86%, respectively. The morphine-PLGA microspheres could prolong the time of analgesia to above 6 hours. Results demonstrated that the morphine-PLGA microspheres play a remarked prolonging role in release time of morphine, and result in a good slow-release, but the time is not enough for the expected time, so the method to prepare microspheres should be further modified. Related Articles | Metrics

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In vitro hemocompatibility of hollow fiber in hemodialyzer Xu Jian-xia, Xi Ting-fei 2010, 14 (38):  7091-7094.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.015 Abstract ( 276 )   PDF (215KB) ( 601 )   Save BACKGROUND: The hollow fiber in hemodialyzer has a large-scale and long-time contact with the blood of the renal dialysis patients. The evaluation of the hollow fiber’s hemocompatibility is very important. OBJECTIVE: The evaluation method of in vitro hemocompatibility of the hemodialyzer was primarily established by twice evaluating hollow fiber’s hemocompatibility in a hemodialyzer. METHODS: The hollow fiber of the sample hemodialyzer was cut into 3-cm length, and 100 hollow fibers were put into the silicified glass tube as a sample. In this experiment, the sample hemodialyzer was tested twice with two different commercially available hemodialyzers as controls. The similar surface-area hollow fiber of the control hemodialyzers was disposed in the same way. 1.2 mL fresh human blood was added into every silicified glass tube, then all tubes was put onto the slightly sloping rotary incubator at 37 ℃ and rotated at the speed of 30 r/min for 30 minutes. Finally, the blood in all silicified glass tubes was detected for blood cell analysis, coagulation analysis and serum total complements activity determination respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Different parameters exhibited significant differences between the sample hollow fiber and two control hollow fibers. But the remarkable consume of fibrinogen and platelet was similar in the two tests, and the “|(parameter of sample-parameter of control)|/parameter of control ×100%” was far greater than 15%.So the difference on the hemocompatibility between the sample hollow fiber and control hollow fibers is not acceptable, which indicates that the in vitro hemocompatibility evaluation method has a good reproducibility. Related Articles | Metrics

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New cationic liposome preparation and transgenic evaluation in vitro Jiang Fu-sheng, Wang Hui-ping, Liu Xia, Qiu Hua-fei, Sun Min, Zhang Ying, Zhang Wei-wei, Ding Zhi-shan 2010, 14 (38):  7095-7099.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.016 Abstract ( 334 )   PDF (565KB) ( 299 )   Save BACKGROUND: Cationic liposomes and transgenic vectors such as micelles and nanoparticles, is a current research focus of non-viral transgenic vector; currently commercial transgenic kits are expensive and basically imported goods, it is increasing urgent to develop a cheap, efficiently transgenic kit with independent intellectual property rights for broad market prospects. OBJECTIVE: To synthesize a new cationic lipid composite and prepare cationic liposome, to investigate its transgenic efficiency in vitro. METHODS: The cationic lipid composite was synthesized by organic chemistry synthesis method using EDCI, cholesterol, succinic anhydride as raw materials; the structure characterization of the products was validated through thin-layer chromatography and infrared spectrum technique. A new cationic liposome was prepared with proper proportion of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine and cationic lipid composite, and was used to envelop eukaryotic expression plasmid pEGFPC1 containing green fluorescent protein report gene, and then its gene transfection efficiency on human cervical carcinoma Hela cell in vitro was detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A new cationic lipid composite, Cholesterol-Succinate-EDCI, was obtained with two step methods; thin-layer chromatography and infrared spectrum confirmed it as the expect product. The liposome were prepared by film dispersion method with 1:1 molar ratio of Cholesterol-Succinate-EDCI: 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine, the liposome granules were tiny, spherical shaped and well-distributed. In vitro plasmid enveloping experiment showed that, this liposome can completely envelop plasmid and form lipoplex with the mass ratio 5:3. In vitro gene transfer essay indicated that the lipoplex transient transfection efficiency can reach 35.6% after treatment with 24 hours. The prepared cationic lipid composite structure is similar to commercially positive component structure, the synthesis method is simple and cheap, it can effectively envelop the plasmid DNA in vitro, with low toxicity, however, in vitro transfection efficacy of Hela cells remains low. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of two kinds of new hydroxyapatite bio-composites Yang Dong, Zhou Qi 2010, 14 (38):  7100-7102.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.017 Abstract ( 319 )   PDF (264KB) ( 303 )   Save BACKGROUND: In order to expand the application scope and practicality of hydroxyapatite, two different functional ultra-fine hydroxyapatite composites were prepared: silver-carrying hydroxyapatite and chitosan surface modified hydroxyapatite. OBJECTIVE: To investigate antibacterial activity and stability of two new hydroxyapatite biocomposite. METHODS: Using calcium hydroxide and calcium phosphate as the precursor, the hydroxyapatite was synthesized using homogeneous chemical precipitation method. Then silver-carrying hydroxyapatite and chitosan surface modified hydroxyapatite were prepared, antimicrobial activity of silver-carrying hydroxyapatite was determined using the inhibition zone test, the stability of chitosan surface modified hydroxyapatite was assayed through measuring the Zeta potential and average particle size. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The hydroxyapatite at 1.2% silver loading had a strong antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, the inhibition zone diameters were 10 mm and 11 mm respectively; the surface charge of hydroxyapatite particles was influenced by pH value and the quantity of chitosan added, etc. The absolute value of Zeta potential would increase and the stability is enhanced at a range of pH value > 6.8 or < 6.8 and the quantity of chitosan added is certain (≤ 0.12%). The positively charged and stable hydroxyapatite aqueous suspension can be obtained by chitosan modification of hydroxyapatite particles. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of poly(ethylene terephthalate) three-dimensional scaffold, basic fibroblast growth factor and lactic acid on proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells Cao Yan-fen, Li Ding, Wang Ju-fang 2010, 14 (38):  7103-7107.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.018 Abstract ( 320 )   PDF (529KB) ( 299 )   Save BACKGROUND: Many studies focus on the change of conventional cell culture condition, a three-dimensional scaffold could be used to support high density culturing. OBJECTIVE: To observe the proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in three-dimensional culture condition. METHODS: The effect of basic fibroblast growth factor and lactic acid on the proliferation of hMSCs was measured. Based on the optimized condition, the growth and metabolism of hMSCs cultured in poly(ethylene terephthalate) were further investigated; Dyed by Cell tracker Green, the activity of hMSCs-poly(ethylene terephthalate) was imaged under a laser confocal microscope; the details of hMSCs-poly(ethylene terephthalate) were observed using scanning electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A low-does basic fibroblast growth factor (5 μg/L) and lactic acid (< 0.9 g/L) in culture medium displayed a significant promotion of the proliferation of hMSCs. Under the optimized condition, for the experimental group (with  5 μg/L basic fibroblast growth factor) and control (without 5 μg/L basic fibroblast growth factor), the expansion folds and specific growth rate were 15.29 and 0.136, 9.66 and 0.113, respectively. The amount of cells in the experimental group was increased 160% than that in control group. Observation of confocal laser microscopy and scanning electron microscope illustrated that the morphology and attachment of cells on poly(ethylene terephthalate) were stereoscopic, multi-level distributed, the unique structure of poly(ethylene terephthalate) three-dimensional scaffold provides cells with a larger growing space. Related Articles | Metrics

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Vancomycin microspheres of magnetic field compliance for targeted treatment of bone infection in rats Wang Wen, Cai Jin-fang, Cao Xue-cheng, Sun Bao-guo 2010, 14 (38):  7108-7111.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.019 Abstract ( 267 )   PDF (436KB) ( 359 )   Save BACKGROUND: Massive use of sensitive antibiotics is the basis of all treatment for bone infection. However, current therapies of local applied antibiotics are not satisfactory. OBJECTIVE: To prepare vancomycin microspheres with a magnetic field compliance, to evaluate the physico-chemical characteristics of the prepared nanoparticles, and to observe antibacterial effect of vancomycin microspheres with magnetic field compliance in the rat model of bone infection. METHODS: Chitosan served as the carrier of vancomycin. The vancomycin microspheres with magnetic field compliance were prepared by emulsion-chemical crosslink method. The shape of nanoparticles was observed by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope, the magnetism was determined by vibrating sample magnetometer. The therapeutic efficacy to bone infection by the caudal vein injection of vancomycin microspheres with magnetic field compliance was investigated, as well as the histological and pathological changes in the tibia of rat model. The control group was treated with general use of vancomycin. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The vancomycin microspheres with magnetic field compliance have been prepared successfully. The microspheres had regular spherical surfaces, at the mean diameter of 100–350 nm, the mean drug loading of 32.36%, and the mean encapsulation ratio of 80.9%, and with a good magnetic response in vitro. The vancomycin microspheres with magnetic field compliance could obviously elevate drug concentration in targeting zone and inhibit bone infection, the actual vancomycin dosage of the vancomycin microspheres group was 1/3 of general usage group. There was no significant difference in the therapeutic effect between vancomycin microspheres group and general usage group. The vancomycin microspheres with magnetic field compliance are a safe and reliable drug delivery targeting system, and expand the local application of antibiotics for bone infection treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of 3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine modified organic-inorganic hybrid coatings for drug eluting stents Chen Wen-ping, Zhan Hong-bing, Li Zhao-hui, Feng Miao, Liu Wei, Xiao Yong 2010, 14 (38):  7112-7115.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.020 Abstract ( 482 )   PDF (387KB) ( 365 )   Save BACKGROUND: It’s the stent coatings, most of which are polymers, that play the role of drug carrying and realize the controlled release of the loaded drugs. But clinical trial demonstrates that the late stent thrombosis associated with polymers and the difficulties in drug release control and integrity maintenance are the main challenges currently. OBJECTIVE: To prepare a novel organic-inorganic hybrid coating with controllable drug release, strong adhesion and excellent flexibility while lowering the use of polymer. METHODS: 3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (L-DOPA) modified SiO2-PEG hybrid was prepared by sol-gel technique and dip coated onto 316L stainless steel substrate. Aspirin was chosen as sample drug to elucidate the influence of loading method on the releasing dynamics. The surface morphology was investigated by metalloscope and the aspirin release profile was tested by UV/Vis absorption spectra. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The addition of L-DOPA greatly improved the adhesion of SiO2-PEG coating to the substrate. Cracks and warps were effectively avoided. Compared with the burst release, 75% total loading within 1 hour, of aspirin which was loaded by dipping and diffusion, the introducing of aspirin during the sol-gel process can realize a linear and sustained release within 40 hours. A new experimental organic-inorganic coating material with drug controlled-release can successfully fabricated, L-DOPA bonding and self-crosslinking properties are sufficient to solive poor bonding between coating and substrate, easy cracking and poor flexibility of the coating. Aspirin loaded in the sol-gel process can achieve a linear release in the substrate, avoiding burst release phenomenon. Related Articles | Metrics

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Magnetic balance determination of trace magnetic microspheres Xian Yuan-fang, Fan Ying-hua, Li Wei, Hao You-you, Yang Bo-qing 2010, 14 (38):  7116-7118.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.021 Abstract ( 396 )   PDF (251KB) ( 491 )   Save BACKGROUND: The characteristics of magnetic balance include compact structure, stable performance, convenient experiment and so on, magnetic balance is suitable for the laboratory research of magnetic determination. OBJECTIVE: To establish determination methods for magnetic susceptibility of trace magnetic drug samples, according to the discussion on the magnetic balance determination of trace sample magnetic susceptibility. METHODS: The magnetic susceptibility is an important index of describing the magnetic drugs, magnetic balance determination is a conventional method for magnetic susceptibility. Sample tube was processed into magnetic resistance correction, the standard samples with known magnetic susceptibility and the test sample were determined the weight changes at the same temperature and magnetic field, magnetic susceptibility of the test trace samples was obtained. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared the determined value with the theoretical value, the difference is 1.96%∠ 2%. Magnetic balance has advantages such as simple equipment and easy operation, but needs a large number of samples. Through the principle and method analysis of magnetic balance determination for magnetic susceptibility of trace magnetic sample, a determination method of trace samples is established, thus providing possibility for determination of trace samples using magnetic balance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and loading characteristics of cholesterol-modified pullulan conjugate nanoparticles Bai Yong-gang, Zhang Ming-ming, Li Lei, Zhang Tong, Liu Ling-rong, Zhang Qi-qing 2010, 14 (38):  7119-7123.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.022 Abstract ( 286 )   PDF (437KB) ( 378 )   Save BACKGROUND: Hydrophobically modified polysaccharides can self-assemble into micelle in water, are used as a carrier of hydrophobic micromolecule drugs and bioactive macromolecules (polypeptide, protein and gene), and have potential application values in biotechnology and medicine. OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively investigate the influence of cholesterol-based degree of substitution and relative molecular weight of pullulan polysaccharides on the properties of modified pullulan nanoparticles. METHODS: Various cholesterol-bearing pullulans with different molecular weights of parent pullulan and degrees of substitution of cholesteryl moiety were synthesized. The resulting cholesteryl-pullulan modified polysaccharides were self-assembled in water into nanoparticles. The influence of cholesterol-based degree of substitution and relative molecular weight of polysaccharides on the properties of nanoparticles was observed. With doxorubicin as model drug, the encapsulating and in vitro release behavior on cholesteryl-pullulan modified polysaccharide nanoparticles were investigated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With the degree of substitution and molecular weights increased, the stability of the nanoparticles enhanced, critical micelle concentration decreased. Loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of the nanoparticles increased with increasing of molecular weights of the parent pullulan and decreasing of cholesterol degree of substitution in the same feed ratio. Higher feed ratio could lead to higher loading capacity and lower encapsulation efficiency under the same degree of substitution of cholesteryl moiety and molecular weights of parent pullulan. Drug showed slower release in vitro from the nanoparticles with higher molecular weights of parent pullulan, higher stability of the nanoparticles, and higher drug contents. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticle and its influence on mechanical properties of dental resin Guo Yong-jin, Cheng Hui, Zhang Shao-ping, Li Xiu-rong 2010, 14 (38):  7124-7128.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.023 Abstract ( 319 )   PDF (559KB) ( 467 )   Save BACKGROUND: Composite resin is a common material used for clinical oral filling and bonding, in which a large number of inorganic fillers play an important role in the mechanical and biological properties of composite resin. It has not been reported that strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles are used as composite resin additives. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of strontium content and dispersant on preparation of strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and the effects of strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of dental composite resin. METHODS: Strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were prepared from strontium chloride, calcium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as raw materials by hydrothermal method. Its structure and surface characteristics were observed by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and the effects of silylation strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on flexural strength and compressive strength of composite resin were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Low-crystalline needle-like strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were successfully prepared. Composite resin had the best mechanical properties with 60% strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, with its flexural strength of (92.459±3.285) MPa and compressive strength of (150.573±4.706) MPa. It is indicated that strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles can improve the mechanical properties of dental composite resin. Related Articles | Metrics

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The pH value stability and strontium quantity of gradient strontium-incorporated hydroxyapatite under biomimic conditions Wang Hai-xia, Yue Jin 2010, 14 (38):  7128-7132.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.024 Abstract ( 372 )   PDF (356KB) ( 323 )   Save BACKGROUND: The strontium-doped hydroxyapatite can not only improve its degradation property, but also provide osteoinduction for hydroxyapatite materials, but strong acid phosphoric acid serves as the curing fluid in the preparation process, thus increase the acidity of strontium-doped hydroxyapatite. OBJECTIVE: To study the pH value of gradient strontium-incorporated hydroxyapatite powders in biomimic situation. METHODS: Standard buffer solution was prepared. Gradient strontium-incorporated hydroxyapatite powders with 0%, 1%, 5% and 10% strontium were fabricated using calcium phosphate bone cement through a hydration process. There were 6 parallel samples in each group, underwent ultraviolet radiation sterilization 3 hours. The leaching liquid was prepared at a ratio of strontium-incorporated hydroxyapatite powders: permeable medium = 1 g : 10 mL, placed in the incubator. The pH values of the gradient materials were measured at different time points. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the tests of pH value, all materials shown alkalescence. The gradient strontium-incorporated hydroxyapatite powders show a stable alkalescence in biomimic situation, they are beneficial for osteogenesis and internal environment stability. Related Articles | Metrics

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Stress change during the expanding process of magnesium alloy stents with different strut shapes and sizes Qi Min, Si Chao-yang, Wang Wei-qiang 2010, 14 (38):  7133-7135.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.025 Abstract ( 270 )   PDF (334KB) ( 339 )   Save BACKGROUND: An important change of the degradation is the decreased size of the stents, thus affecting its support force. Due to the complexity of stent structure, stress distribution becomes complicated. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the stress change generated during the expansion of magnesium alloy stents at various strut shape and size. METHODS: Residual stress generated during the expanding process on cross-section stents with square, octagonal and circular strut was calculated by finite element method. Meanwhile, residual stress of different strut cross-section sizes (120, 140, 160,  180 μm) was also calculated.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After the stent expanded, the stress generated in circular strut cross-section was the maximium, as for three kinds of stents, the stress decreased with the decline of cross-section size. Strut cross-section shape and size both have an effect on the residual stress generated during expanding process. Related Articles | Metrics

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Chitosan microparticles carrying protein drugs: Mucosal transmission protein and antibody biomaterials Huang Xia, Chen Jia-chang, Lü Lei-lei, Zhang Qin-xing, Zhang Shi-xun, Shen Chang-yu 2010, 14 (38):  7136-7140.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.026 Abstract ( 299 )   PDF (354KB) ( 338 )   Save BACKGROUND: The target delivery of proteins/peptides drug is a difficulty in the field of drug carriers. As one of positive ion polymer, chitosan has great the biological degradability, compatibility, and mechanical properties. It is known as one of most promising carrier materials of biological macromolecules and active materials. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the superiority of chitosan as a protein carrier, to review the research progress of chitosan and its derivates in protein and peptide drug carrier. METHODS: A computer-based online search of CNKI, Elsevier and Willey databases between 2005 and 2010 was performed for English and Chinese articles about the chitosan carrier of protein drugs, drug release and microparticles using the key words “chitosan/chitin, microspheres, biomaterial, biopolymer, drug carrier, drug delivery, cell adhesion, ECM, peptide, chemical modification, bioactivity, protein drug, gene delivery, micro- and nanoparticles” in English and “chitosan/chitin, microspheres, carrier, biomacromolecule, gene therapy, protein drug, ECM, bioactivity, biocompatibility, biodegradation” in Chinese. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Protein and peptide drug has good curative effect, small dose, and few side effects, but poor protein stability and absorption, as well as short biological half-life in vivo are big obstacle for drug use. Many results report polymer drug carrier, but there are still some problems in many aspects of protein and peptide drug transport. Because of excellent promotion adsorption performance, chitosan and chitosan derivatives are regarded as mucous transport proteins and antibody materials, but the stability and quantitative accurately releasing in the preparation still face many challenges. Related Articles | Metrics

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Extracellular matrix materials and seeded cells of bone tissue engineering Chen Feng 2010, 14 (38):  7141-7144.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.027 Abstract ( 326 )   PDF (278KB) ( 454 )   Save BACKGROUND: With the rapid development of bone tissue engineering in areas of bone reconstruction and repair of bone defects, how to choose and apply ideal seeded cells and extracellular matrix materials determine the success of bone tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of the extracellular matrix materials and seed cells in bone tissue engineering, and to introduce their merits and shortcomings, as well as the existing problems and developing trends on them in bone tissue engineering. METHODS: Database of CNKI and Pubmed (1994-01/2009-12) were retrieved for articles about bone tissue engineering by screening the key words “bone tissue engineering, seeded cell, extracellular matrix materials” in Chinese and in English in the titles and abstracts. Articles associated with extracellular matrix materials and seed cells in bone tissue engineering were included, those published recently or in authority journals were preferred in the same field. There were 246 articles screened out after the initial survey. Then 30 articles were selected according to the inclusive criteria for the review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The extracellular matrix materials still have some flaws, such as the degradation rates are inconsistent with bone formation rate; matrix materials induce immune responses in vivo; the source of seed cells and culture system are not fully established; the interaction between seed cells and extracellular matrix materials, especially how to increase the bioactivities and differentiation of seed cells on the matrix materials. These problems need further investigation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Safety of extracellular matrix materials Shen Man-ru, Yuan Jian-ming, Zhang Yong-zhen, Xiong Shao-hu, Dang Rui-shan, Zhang Chuan-sen 2010, 14 (38):  7145-7148.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.028 Abstract ( 253 )   PDF (333KB) ( 336 )   Save BACKGROUND: Tissue engineered medical products are eventually implanted into body, the biocompatibility of implanted products determines their long-term function in body. Therefore, safety evaluation is critical to determine whether tissue engineered medical products are used in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE: To introduce the methods of safety evaluation of extracellular matrix materials from cell toxicity, interaction with blood test, local reactions after implantation, immunological evaluation. METHODS: Using “tissue engineering, extracellular matrix, biocompatibility, safety evaluation” in Chinese and English as key words, a computer search was performed in VIP database, Pubmed database, Elsevier database for relevant articles. Articles related with safety assessment of extracellular matrix materials were included, repeated researches were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 218 articles were screened out, unrelated duplicated literatures were eliminated, remaining 22 articles were reviewed. Currently there is no overall safety evaluation method of the extracellular matrix material, the structural and functional properties of biological materials as well as biocompatibility are assessed according to ISO 10993 series of biological evaluation of medical devices. With extracellular matrix materials have been widely used, more and more attention have been paid on the safety evaluation of extracellular matrix, many questions still to be explored. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of chitin/chitosan biological antimicrobial dressing in skin tissue engineering He Ling, Yu Bo, Wang Hui-li, Li Qing, Lü Pin 2010, 14 (38):  7149-7152.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.029 Abstract ( 452 )   PDF (335KB) ( 604 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To investigate the performance of chitin/chitosan biological antimicrobial dressings and their application in skin tissue engineering. METHODS: China CNKI and Wangfang Medical network were searched on computer for articles about characteristics and clinical application of biological antibacterial dressings, retrieval time is from 1996 to 2010. Key words: biological antimicrobial dressings, chitin/chitosan, skin tissue engineering, security, performance in Chinese. Inclusion criteria: ①characteristics of chitin/chitosan biological antimicrobial dressings. ② application of chitin/chitosan biological antimicrobial dressing in skin tissue engineering. ③ articles recently published or published in the authority journals were preferred in the same field. Exclusion criteria: duplicated research and older literature were excluded. All data were checked preliminarily, and citations after each article were looked over. RESULTS: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 articles were included in the review. Chitin/chitosan has good security and degradation, strong moisture absorption and antibacterial property, it stops bleeding and pain, inhibits scar formation, promotes cell growth, accelerates wound healing and promotes non-specific immune function. From the application in skin tissue engineering research, chitin/chitosan is effective in promoting burn wound healing and skin regeneration, the probability of wound infection is not increasing. CONCLUSION: Chitin/chitosan biological antimicrobial dressing has good performance, can effectively promote the burn wound healing and enhance skin regeneration, has a broad general application possibility in skin tissue engineering and other fields of medicine. Related Articles | Metrics

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Tissue engineered bone materials for repair of ankle injury induced by martial arts Wang Qing-feng 2010, 14 (38):  7153-7156.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.030 Abstract ( 259 )   PDF (308KB) ( 427 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To investigate biomechanics characteristics of martial arts ankle injury, to summarize and analyze repair and intervention means of bone biomaterials intervention after ankle fracture. METHODS: PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed) and CNKI database (www.cnki.net/index.htm) were retrieved on computer, using key words of “ankle, fractures, biological materials, treatment” in English and in Chinese in the title and abstracts. Articles related to ankle injuries and treatment, material science characteristics, biocompatibility and application effect were included, those recently published or published in the authority journal were preferred in the same field. Totally 30 articles were included. RESULTS: The ankle joint is the starter of human body bounce, also landing buffer unit, ankle fracture is very common because of several internal and external factors during the movement. With the advances of modern medicine, it has become increasingly mature that using artificial biological materials to promote the fracture healing and rehabilitation, but little information is known regarding the rehabilitation of ankle fractures. CONCLUSION: Good results have been achieved in terms of bone rehabiltation material selection, processing and surface modification. With the advanced method and technology of cell biology and molecular biology, as well as the use of gene therapy, the repair of ankle joint bone injury will enter a new phase, also offers the possibility and evidence for the proper use of artificial materials for the recovery of ankle joint fractures. Related Articles | Metrics

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Biodegradable polymer biomaterials for anti-adhesion after plastic surgery Yang Hai-jiang, Yan Ai-chun, Yang Rui-min 2010, 14 (38):  7157-7160.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.031 Abstract ( 338 )   PDF (311KB) ( 571 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To investigate the performance characteristics of degradable polymer biomaterials and their application in the anti-adhesion after plastic surgery. METHODS: The first author retrieved Wanfang database (http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/) from January 1999 to December 2009 for the articles about degradable polymer biomaterials in the prevention of adhesion after plastic surgery, using key words of “hyaluronic acid and its derivatives; cellulose derivatives; chitosan; polylactic acid and its copolymers; plastic surgery; anti-adhesion; biological materials” in Chinese. Repeated study, review or Meta analysis articles were excluded. RESULTS: According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 21 articles were involved in the analysis. Degradable polymer biomaterials have good biocompatibility, biodegradability and absorbability. Hyaluronic acid can inhibit bleeding and has anti-inflammatory properties. Hyaluronic acid derivatives can make up for the shortcomings of hyaluronic acid such as vulnerability to degradation and diffusion, as well as short lifetime in vivo. Carboxymethyl cellulose has high thermal stability and high tissue adhesion, easy to operate. Oxidized regenerated cellulose is strongly adherent, requires no suture, but is prone to interference with blood. Chitosan has a hemostatic function, immunogenicity is small, non-toxic. Mechanical properties and chemical stability of polylactic acid and its copolymers are good, thus considered as the most promising biodegradable polymers. From the application view, hyaluronic acid and its derivatives, cellulose derivatives, chitosan, polylactic acid and its copolymers can effectively prevent postoperative adhesions of plastic surgery, indicating broad prospects for development. CONCLUSION: Degradable polymer biomaterials have superior performances, effectively prevent postoperative adhesions of plastic surgery, with the possibility of clinical application. Related Articles | Metrics

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Methods and efficacy of surface modification of artificial ligament for treatment of ligament defects Guo Jian-ping, Zhao Xu-hui, Ji Peng 2010, 14 (38):  7161-7164.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.032 Abstract ( 283 )   PDF (335KB) ( 283 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To review the approaches and therapeutic effects of surface modification of ligament defects treatment using biomaterial, and to provide a reference for the researchers. METHODS: A computer search of Wanfang database (http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/) from January 2000 to May 2010 was performed for articles about the surface modification methods and application of the biomaterials for ligament reconstruction, using key words of “biological materials, surface modification, artificial ligaments” in Chinese. The repeated study, general review or Meta analysis articles were excluded, 22 articles were screened into the evaluation. RESULTS: In order to make biomaterials present good biocompatibility and cell affinity in the treatment of ligament, tendon and other defects, the biomaterials should be surface modified, commonly named surface modification. The surface modification methods include fixed protein, fixed peptide, radiation grafting, ion implantation methods. Through biomaterial surface modification, cell adhesion is not only enhanced, but cell proliferation is promoted. CONCLUSION: The surface modification of biomaterials is a complex system engineering, which requires to consider materials science and bioscience needs, thus achieving optimization. Ideal surface modification should take the surface topology, specific recognition, hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance, protein adsorption into account, therefore functional new tissues can be obained. Related Articles | Metrics

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Artificial biomaterials and tissue engineering technologies for repair of wrist articular ligament injury Wang Rui 2010, 14 (38):  7165-7168.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.033 Abstract ( 221 )   PDF (338KB) ( 401 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To summarize and analyze the characteristics of artificial biomaterials intervention for wrist articular ligament injury. METHODS: A computer search was performed on PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed) and CNKI database (www.cnki.net / index.htm), using key words of "wrist joint, ligament, rehabilitation, treatment" in English or in Chinese in the titles and abstracts. Articles related to wrist articular ligament injury and treatment, material science characteristics, biocompatibility and its application effect were selected, those recently published or published in the authority journals were preferred to the same field, a total of 22 literatures were included. RESULTS: The wrist joint is a very complex connection system, due to wrist joint physiological structure and biomechanical complexity, exercise-induced wrist ligament injury is common. At present, many studies have been performed addressing wrist ligament anatomy, histology and biomechanics, but few reports the use of artificial biomaterials and tissue engineering means to repair or reconstruct the wrist ligament injury. CONCLUSION: With the advances in cell biology and molecular biology methods and technology, ligament injury repair research has entered a new stage, artificial biomaterials and tissue engineering provide a new research direction for the treatment and rehabilitation measures of wrist articular ligament injury. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of human hair keratin, chitosan materials and products in sports injury Wang Gang　 2010, 14 (38):  7169-7172.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.034 Abstract ( 365 )   PDF (372KB) ( 332 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To introduce the application of the biomaterials in sports injury. METHODS: A computer retrieval was performed in Science Direct database and Ei database from January 1960 to October 2009, using the key words “Biological materials, Sports Injuries” in English. Also, Chinese Academic Journal Full-text Database and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database from January 1960 to October 2009 were searched using the key words “Sports injury, Biological materials, Application” in Chinese. RESULTS: The clinical used biomaterials are mainly medical polymer biomaterials, including silicone rubber, polymethylmethacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, high density polyethylene, polyester and polyamide, etc; medical composite biomaterials include hydroxyl apatite, calcium phosphate ceramic, carbon, silicate, etc; medical metal materials include titanium and titanium alloys, stainless steel, cobalt-chromium alloy, as well as at the bio-derived materials which are at initial phase. Biological materials are mainly used in sports injury at the following three aspects: the use of artificial joints, artificial ligaments and tendons in the reconstruction of the ligaments and tendons, articular cartilage injury repair. Compared with foreign countries, the artificial material in China is still a large gap to go, domestic artificial joints and screws show poorer quality than foreign. CONCLUSION: With the new materials and bio-technology develops, artificial biomaterials will play an increasingly important role in clinical field. Related Articles | Metrics

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Different scaffolds construct tissue engineering tendon in sports injury Shi Yong, Xie Zheng-yang, Liu Zhi-yuan 2010, 14 (38):  7173-7176.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.035 Abstract ( 225 )   PDF (273KB) ( 394 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the existing histocompatibility problems and application prospect of tissue engineering tendon constructed with different scaffold materials. METHODS: Using “scaffolds, tissue engineering, tendon, histocompatibility” in Chinese and “support material; tissue engineering muscle tendon, tissue consistence” in English as the key words, a computer search was performed for articles between January 1994 and March 2010. Articles associated with the biomaterials and tissue engineered tendon were included; repeated study or Meta analysis articles were excluded. There are 32 articles main focusing existing histocompatibility problems and application prospect of the tissue engineering tendon constructed with different scaffold materials. RESULTS: Tissue engineered tendon constructed in vitro has the strongest collagen synthesis capacity, it is currently considered as the optimal seed cells for in vitro construction of tissue engineered tendon. As for the materials, chitosan/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) emulsion film is an ideal material for tissue engineered tendon. Tendon tissues can be constructed in vitro using tissue engineering technology, cyclic stress may be more conducive to the formation of tendon tissue. CONCLUSION: The present studies regarding tendon tissue engineering focus on two aspects, one is the source of tendon cells, and the other is scaffold biomaterials. The current research is a combination of a variety of materials and knitting methods, the scaffolds have good biocompatibility and the degradation rate is controllable, the scaffolds may degrade, while tendon cells proliferate and differentiate, and the desired biomechanical properties are gradually achieved, thus forming tendon tissue. Related Articles | Metrics

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Nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 composite bioactive materials construct artificial vertebral body for treatment of spinal diseases Hu Wei, Wu Yan-sheng, Zhang Bin, Huang Yi-fei 2010, 14 (38):  7177-7180.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.036 Abstract ( 381 )   PDF (354KB) ( 265 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To compare the safety and clinical efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 composite bioactive artificial vertebral body versus vertebral body reconstructed with autologous bone in spinal disease treatment. METHODS: Using “nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 artificial vertebral body, vertebral body reconstructed with autologous bone, spinal disease” in Chinese and “bioactive artificial vertebral body, spine disease" in English as the keywords, a computer search was performed for articles between January 1969 and December 2009. Articles associated with the artificial vertebral body were included; repeated study or Meta analysis articles were excluded. Thirteen articles were mainly discussed. Clinical validation was made in 36 patients with vertebral plate and body defects, who were admitted in Chongqing City Second People’s Hospital, according to the replacement, they were divided into two groups: observation group was treated with nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 bioactive artificial vertebral body, produced by Sichuan Guona Technology Co., Ltd; control group was treated with vertebral body reconstructed using autogenous iliac. At 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks post-operation, the leukocyte count, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and other inflammatory markers were determined. At 1 and 2 weeks post-operation, the liver and kidney functions were detected. At 0, 1, 3, 6 months, the patients were rechecked using X-ray film, and using CT at 8 and 16 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The artificial vertebral body can be divided into two kinds: metallic materials and composite materials; currently developed composite materials include polyether alkyl biological glass compounds, hydroxyapatite collagen hybrid materials and magnetic bio-ceramic artificial vertebral body. Clinical test results showed that, no patients appeared incision exudation, fever, rash and other immune rejections, Ⅰ stage wound healing was observed. Postoperative leukocyte count, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and other inflammatory markers, as well as liver and renal functions showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). At 8 weeks, CT showed bone conduction properties and bone formation property had no significant differences between the two groups. At 6 months, X-ray recheck demonstrated no absorption sign of artificial vertebral body, vertebral plate and surrounding sclerotin. The nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 bioactive artificial vertebral body is safe and effective in the treatment of spinal diseases, its short-term effect is similar to that of autologous iliac bone reconstructed vertebrae. Related Articles | Metrics

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Durfill light-cured composite resin for restoration of large-scale tooth defects in molars Zhang Yan-jun, Hou Kang-lin 2010, 14 (38):  7181-7184.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.037 Abstract ( 273 )   PDF (359KB) ( 485 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To summarize clinical effect of light-cured composite resin in the restoration of large-scale tooth defects. METHODS: A computer search was performed in VIP database (http://www.cqvip.com/) and China Academic Journal Full-text Database (http://www.cnki.net/) using “large-scale tooth defects, resin, light cured composite resin, restoration” in Chinese as the key words, for articles related with the clinical study and advanced progress regarding light-cured composite resin restoration of large-area tooth defects. RESULTS: The light-cured composite resin is type of ultramicro composite resin filler, with moderate fluid viscosity, it cannot stick to the device and easily operated, operation time is ample, the shaping is accurate, color gamut is wide, clinical selection range is great, the polished luster is beautiful nature, mechanical properties are good, wear resistance is high, the affected teeth avoid grinding, the exfoliated can be restored, the treatment can be completed in a short time, therefore light-cured composite resins have been widely used in the current restoration of large-area tooth defects. Common resins still have some shortcomings, mainly poor elastic modulus and wear resistance compared with silver amalgam alloy, hardening filler or enhancing the binding strength of filler and resin matrix can improve the characteristics. CONCLUSION: Durfill light-cured composite resin is a simple, convenient method for the restoration of large-area tooth defects, it raises the aesthetics needs of the patients, thus worthy of wide application in clinical practice. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation of inflammatory factor and cytokine levels with vascular restenosis after coronary stenting Liu Zhang-qi, Li Chun-liang, Deng Yun 2010, 14 (38):  7185-7188.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.038 Abstract ( 329 )   PDF (354KB) ( 325 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance of inflammatory factors and cytokine levels to predict coronary stent restenosis. METHODS: Using “coated coronary stent, restenosis, biocompatibility, inflammatory factor, cytokines” in Chinese as the key words, a computer search of Chinese CNKI Academic Database from January 2000 to December 2009 was performed. Articles related to inflammatory factors and cytokine levels in restenosis after coronary stenting were included, while repeated study or Mata analysis articles were excluded, 16 articles were selected for analysis. RESULTS: Coronary stent implantation may lead to coronary artery injury, and promote in vivo cells to release inflammatory factors. After stent implantation, C-reactive protein, interleukin, tumor necrosis factor α and γ-interferon and other inflammatory factors and cytokines in peripheral blood have distinct expression, can reflect the local vascular injury and inflammation, as well as the applied stent biocompatibility after stenting. CONCLUSION: The detection of inflammatory factors and cytokines in peripheral blood have predictive value on the in-stent restenosis, also reflect the stability of the atherosclerotic plaque in other parts, as feasible clinical observation index for the second level of coronary heart disease prevention after stenting. Related Articles | Metrics

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Material characteristics of five different vascular stents and their biocompatibility after implantation Xiong Jie, Jiang Yan 2010, 14 (38):  7189-7192.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.039 Abstract ( 588 )   PDF (297KB) ( 420 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance, compatibility and application prospects of blood vessel tissue engineered scaffolds. METHODS: Using “tissue engineering, scaffold materials, biocompatibility, performance, application” for the Chinese key words and “tissue engineering, intravascular stent, biocompatibility, performance, using” for the English key words, a computer search was performed between January 1993 and October 2009. Articles related with the biomaterials and tissue engineering blood vessels were included; repeated study or Meta analysis articles were excluded. There are 26 articles mainly discussing the types and properties of tissue engineered vascular materials. RESULTS: The natural scaffolds have strong affinity with cells, can provide for cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and functioning with similar extracellular matrix scaffold condition as in vivo development, thus aggregating cells into tissues, controlling tissue structure, and regulating cell phenotype; immune rejection is very low, and compliance is good. But mechanical strength is relatively poor. Synthetic polymer scaffold has precise maneuverability, but lacks biological signals and functional groups in extracellular matrix, and poorly adhere to the seed cells; and some acid materials may generate in the degradation process, exhibiting some local effects; biological signals is absent, and the scaffold is not susceptible by cell recognition. In addition, the key to improve the biocompatibility of stents should be the blood compatibility and histocompatibility. CONCLUSION: Although synthetic materials have become the research hotspot, but the compatibility after implantation are not good enough to met scaffold requirements, a confluence with tissue requires good cell affinity and similar mechanical properties with blood vessels. There is an urgent need for new materials to better meet the requirements of tissue engineered vascular stent and to achieve the purpose of repair and reconstruction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research and application of liver targeting chitosan drug nanocarrier Zhao Xiao-wei 2010, 14 (38):  7193-7196.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.040 Abstract ( 271 )   PDF (343KB) ( 424 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To introduce the research and application of liver targeting chitosan drug nano-carrier system. METHODS: Wanfang database were searched on computer to retrieve articles addressing the liver targeting chitosan drug nanocarrier, published between December 2002 and February 2010, using key words of “chitosan drug nanocarrier, liver target, research, application” in Chinese. Repeated study, normal review or Meta analysis were excluded. Eighteen literatures screened were included. RESULTS: Chitosan nanoparticles are a natural non-toxic, non-viral drug carrier, have good biocompatibility and biodegradability, can improve the stability of drugs, targeted release drugs, increase drug absorption, so as to play the role of controlled release and targeted therapy. Drug-loaded chitosan nanoparticles can be prepared by 8 methods, including ionic crosslinking method, precipitation method, ultrasonic emulsification method, microemulsion method, electrostatic spinning method, inverse suspension crosslinking method, reverse evaporation-short ultrasonic method, reduced amination. For liver tissue engineering such as liver transplantation and artificial liver, it can maintain and enhance the activity and function of liver cells, is conducive to the growth of liver cells; targeted release drugs at the tumor site in liver cancer treatment, effectively inhibit tumor cells and reduce toxicity. CONCLUSION: The liver targeting chitosan drug nanocarrier is a safe and efficient gene targeting vector, but it needs to be further determined. Related Articles | Metrics

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Material characteristics and application of hydroxyapatite orbital implants in ocular socket plasty Yang Yi 2010, 14 (38):  7197-7200.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.041 Abstract ( 360 )   PDF (349KB) ( 367 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To observe material characteristics of hydroxyapatite orbital implant and the application in orbital reconstruction through the literature search and clinical evaluation. METHODS: VIP database (http://www.cqvip.com/) and Pubmed database (http://www.ncbinlm.nih.gov/PubMed) were searched on computer for articles related with sunken eye and orbital reconstruction by orbital implants, basic research articles and repetitive research were excluded, 47 patients (47 eyes) underwent hydroxyapatite orbital implants for reconstruction at Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth People’s Hospital of Shenyang, were summarized. RESULTS: According to different conditions of affected eyes, 29 cases received one-stage implants and 18 received second-stage implants. After 10-12 months of follow-up, no obvious complications of one-stage implantation was observed, while four cases appeared complications after secondary implantation, including conjunctival incision dehiscence in 2 cases, self-healing in 1 case, healing by surgical repair in 1 case, shallow lower fornix in 1 case, who was corrected after surgical repair; implant exposure in 1 case, who was healed by conjunctival patch covered by the sclera. The rest patients healed at one stage, with no infection or no occurrence of cross-ophthalmia, full eye socket, good dynamic of artificial eye, plastic results were satisfactory. CONCLUSION: Hydroxyapatite orbital implant with good histocompatibility, no toxicity or no antigenicity, is an effective approach to treat sudden eye and to improve the orbital activity following enucleation or evisceration of eye. Biological factors of the materials still have some complications, mainly implant exposure, abnormal location, infection and conjunctival incision dehiscence, and shallow lower fornix. Related Articles | Metrics

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Use of polypropylene mesh in female pelvic floor reconstruction Zhu Jia-er 2010, 14 (38):  7201-7204.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.042 Abstract ( 260 )   PDF (300KB) ( 358 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To analyze the application of biomaterial patch in pelvic floor reconstruction process in recent years, and to investigate the application significance of polypropylene mesh in female pelvic floor reconstruction. METHODS: Using “polypropylene, biological patch, patch material, pelvic floor reconstruction, rehabilitation” in Chinese and “polypropylene; biological repain plate; patch; pelvic reconstructive” in English as the key words, a computer search was performed for articles from January 2005 to May 2010. Articles related to the application of the biological patch and polypropylene mesh in female pelvic floor reconstruction were included; repeated study or Meta analysis articles were excluded. Thirty articles mainly focused on improving the material properties of polypropylene patch and the importance in pelvic floor repair process. RESULTS: With the developing understanding on the anatomy of pelvic floor, new theories continuously put forward, as well as surgical instruments and repair materials are improving, pelvic floor reconstruction is progressively developing. In all types of implants, autologous tissue, allografts, xenografts are vulnerable to infection or wear after implantation, therefore they are not suitable as a reconstruction material. The synthetic absorbable patch is solid and convenient, but may also appear infection, rejection and erosion. CONCLUSION: It is simple and well tolerated in patients to apply polypropylene mesh in pelvic floor reconstruction, which exhibits the lower relapse rate, better compatibility with the host among various patch materials, thus the most widely used. However, whether polypropylene mesh is the best patch material, and long-term effects are the best all deserve long-term follow-up observations and large-scale prospective case-control study. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and comparison of various tissue engineered materials in the repair of nerve injury Li Hong-yu 2010, 14 (38):  7205-7208.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.043 Abstract ( 337 )   PDF (350KB) ( 384 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the properties and application of different biomaterials in the process of nerve injured repaired by tissue engineering technology, and to search a substitute material with good biocompatibility. METHODS: Using “tissue engineering, nerve injury, repair, biological material, nerve cells, collagen protein” as the key words, a computer research was performed for articles published between January 2006 and June 2010. Articles related to the biomaterials and tissue engineered nerves were included; repeated study or Meta analysis articles were excluded. Totally thirty literatures mainly discusses the variety and properties of tissue engineered materials for nerve repair. RESULTS: Although autologous tissues have good effect to repair the nerve defects, their source is limited. Allogenic or heterogenic materials may expand the material source, but immunological reaction affects the effect of repairing the nerve impairment. Non-degradable materials are toxic, can lead to foreign body reaction, hinder nerve growth or compress regenerated tissues, always require secondary operation to take out, while degradable materials can overcome those shortcomings, but with poor hydrophilicity and cell adhesion, insufficient mechanical strength, and leading to aseptic inflammation. CONCLUSION: Tissue engineered nerve scaffolds have been developed rapidly in recent years, there is no ideal scaffold material. Although natural biomaterials have become the study hotspot, their physical and mechanical properties are not good enough to meet the occurrence of new materials, thus better meet the nerve scaffolds requirement, to achieve the repair and reconstruction effects. Related Articles | Metrics

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Biological absorbable surgical suture in clinical treatment of obstetrics and gynecology department Yu Bo, He Ling 2010, 14 (38):  7209-7212.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.044 Abstract ( 308 )   PDF (352KB) ( 466 )   Save OBJECTIVE: To summarize the application progress of absorbable sutures in obstetrics and gynecology treatment in recent years. METHODS: A computer research of VIP database from January 1998 to October 2009 was performed for articles about the absorbable suture in treatment of obstetrics and gynecology department, using the key words of “bio-absorbable suture; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; application” in Chinese. Inclusion criteria: ① Articles correlate with biological absorbable sutures in treatment of obstetrics and gynecology. ② The results described the application of materials. Exclusion criteria: repeated studies or outdated literatures. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 literatures were involved in the analysis. RESULTS: The absorbable suture includes natural and synthetic polymer materials, such as chorda chirurgicalis, natural silk, polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid, absorbable suture is mainly used for human internal tissue suture, can be absorbed by human body within certain period of time, avoiding dermal sutures removal. Such suture is predominant by DEXOU (PGA), which has strong tensile strength, good operational performance, material homogeneity and stability, has no toxicity, collagen, antigenicity or carcinogenicity, and exhibits strong anti-acid and anti-infection effect, ultimately can be hydrolyzed and absorbed, it is the optimal material for surgical suture in obstetrics and gynecology department. It solves the low tensile strength and high tissue response of chorda chirurgicalis, and will eventually replace natural silk and chorda chirurgicalis, to become the ideal surgical suture in obstetrics and gynecology department. CONCLUSION: The medical suture made of natural and synthetic polymer materials generally meet the surgical requirements, the doctors may choose the materials according to different characteristics and clinical experience.　 Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of coronary drug-eluting stents or bare metal stent implantation on platelet function in patients Yan Hua, Fu Chun-hui 2010, 14 (38):  7213-7216.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.045 Abstract ( 301 )   PDF (292KB) ( 385 )   Save BACKGROUND: Coronary drug-eluting stent implantation can significantly reduce restenosis after coronary intervention and major cardiovascular adverse events, improve patient’s quality of life, is widely used in clinical practice. However, a number of recent meta-analysis shows that compared with bare metal stents, drug-eluting stent significantly increased late stent thrombosis and all-cause death rate. OBJECTIVE: To observe changes in platelet membrane glycoprotein before and after coronary artery stenting, as well as in follow-up 6 months, to compare the difference of short-term versus medium-term implanted drug-eluting stents or bare metal stents on the platelet activation. METHODS: A total of 104 patients who were successfully treated with coronary stenting due to acute coronary syndrome between June 2007 and June 2009 were analyzed retrospectively, including 68 cases by use of drug-eluting stents, and 36 cases by use of bare metal stents. Meanwhile 34 patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome were included for the angiography, the patients confirmed as completely normal blood vessels served as the control group. The CD62p, CD63 and thrombin-sensitive protein expression rate in peripheral blood of patients was compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Given the same anti-platelet therapy for 6 months, compared with bare metal stents, the influence of drug-eluting stent implantation on platelet activation was still evident, which may be associated with the increase of late stent thrombosis of drug-eluting stent. Further study should verify whether standard 12-month anticoagulant treatment, which is currently advocated, is adequate, and investigate clinical significance of the detection of platelet activation on antiplatelet therapy after stenting. Related Articles | Metrics

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Domestic rapamycin-eluted stent for treatment of acute myocardial infarction in 108 cases Han Yi, Zhu Peng-cheng, Wu Zhi-an 2010, 14 (38):  7217-7220.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.38.046 Abstract ( 292 )   PDF (286KB) ( 343 )   Save BACKGROUND: A large amount of clinical trials have demonstrated that the application of domestic rapamycin-eluted stent is safe and biocompatible in selective coronary artery interventional operation. However, its reliability and effectiveness remain controversial when applied on patients with acute myocardial infarction. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of rapamycin eluted stent via percutaneous coronary implantation on acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: Emergency percutaneous coronary interventions were applied in 108 cases of acute myocardial infarction by the implantation of domestic rapamycin-eluted stent, all patients including 61 males and 47 females aged 37-81 years with a mean of (57.2±13.1) years received routine medication preoperatively and postoperatively. The improvement of TIMI blood flow of infarction-related artery was rating. Major cardiac events including the incidence of cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization was evaluated in 6-12 months of follow-up in outpatient department or by a call visiting. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After stent implantation, the TIMI blood flow was graded as Ⅰ-Ⅱ in 6 cases (5.6%), as Ⅲ in 102 cases (94.4%). The achievement ratio of implantation is 100%, the clinical success ratio is 98.1%, the incidence of major adverse cardiac events is 1.87% and 3.74% at the sixth month and the twelfth month respectively. The rapamycin-eluted stent is safe and effective in the percutaneous coronary intervention of acute myocardial infarction patients. Related Articles | Metrics