中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (33): 5385-5393.doi: 10.12307/2023.687

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

骨再生过程中炎症因素与牙髓干细胞的双向作用

徐溶蔚,王  浩,付秋月,兰兴明,杨  琨   

  1. Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-24 接受日期:2022-10-12 出版日期:2023-11-28 发布日期:2023-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 杨琨,博士,副教授,遵义医科大学附属口腔医院牙周科,贵州省遵义市 563000
  • 作者简介:徐溶蔚,女,2001年生,江苏省盐城市人,汉族。 王浩,男,2000年生,贵州省遵义市人,苗族。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省卫健委科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2022-169),项目负责人:杨琨;贵州省科学技术基金计划(黔科合基础[2020]1Y328),项目负责人:杨琨;遵义市科技计划项目[遵市科合HZ字(2021)302号],项目负责人:杨琨

Bidirectional interaction between inflammatory factors and dental pulp stem cells during bone regeneration

Xu Rongwei, Wang Hao, Fu Qiuyue, Lan Xingming, Yang Kun   

  1. 遵义医科大学附属口腔医院牙周科,贵州省遵义市   563000
  • Received:2022-09-24 Accepted:2022-10-12 Online:2023-11-28 Published:2023-03-30
  • Contact: Yang Kun, MD, Associate professor, Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Xu Rongwei, Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China Wang Hao, Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Health Commission, No. gzwkj2022-169 (to YK); Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Fund Plan, No. [2020]1Y328 (to YK); Zunyi Science and Technology Plan Project, No. HZ(2021)302 (to YK)

摘要:


文题释义:

牙髓干细胞:是从牙髓组织分离的,来自神经嵴的外胚间充质干细胞,具有自我更新、免疫调节、多向分化潜能和易获得等特点,一定条件下可分化为神经样细胞、成牙本质细胞和成骨细胞等,目前已被报道在神经、口腔和骨骼等部位的再生医学价值,有良好的临床应用前景。
炎症:具有血管系统的活体组织对损伤因子所发生的防御反应,通常引起局部组织呈现发红、肿胀、发热、疼痛和功能丧失的典型炎症反应体征。炎症作为一种病理过程,其特征在于损伤与防御的两面性。对牙髓干细胞而言,炎症微环境与其生物学特性关系密切,其中涉及复杂的炎症递质与信号通路的参与。

背景:牙髓干细胞具有多向分化的优良特性,其中成骨分化潜能在骨组织工程和再生治疗中有较好的前景,而炎症因素与其关系密切。
目的:综述骨再生过程中炎症因素与牙髓干细胞成骨分化双向作用的研究进展。
方法:在PubMed、中国知网和万方数据库中进行检索,中文检索词为“牙髓干细胞、炎症、成骨分化、骨再生”;英文检索词为“dental pulp stem cell*,dpsc*,inflam*,osteogenic differentiation,ossification,osteogenesis,bone formation”,分别检索2012-2022年发表的相关文献,最终纳入76篇进行综述分析。

结果与结论:①牙髓干细胞作为牙源性间充质干细胞,有着众人熟知的多向分化特性,其中成骨分化潜能是骨组织工程的研究热点。②炎症因素不论是作为细胞所处的微环境、可调节的免疫炎症反应、抑或是需要再生修复的炎症性骨组织缺损疾病,都与牙髓干细胞介导的骨再生有着密切的关联,近年来也不乏相关的研究。③文章选取了近十年以来相关的文献报道,发现即使是发炎牙髓组织来源的炎症牙髓干细胞仍然保留一定的成骨分化潜能,而进一步分析骨再生过程中炎症因素与牙髓干细胞的双向关系,发现炎症因素对于牙髓干细胞成骨分化的影响和牙髓干细胞对于炎症的免疫调节都具有促进和抑制的双重作用,这主要与炎症递质的种类、浓度及作用时间等有关,但是具体机制都尚不全面。④近来学者的研究热点主要集中于探索介导炎症环境下牙髓干细胞成骨分化的促进因素,尤其是除了炎症递质以外的外源性因素如药物等。⑤也有一些动物实验和少数临床试验利用牙髓干细胞抗炎促成骨的特性验证了牙髓干细胞对炎症性骨缺损疾病尤其是对牙周炎和关节炎的治疗作用。⑥目前,骨再生过程中炎症因素与牙髓干细胞成骨分化双向作用的相关机制部分的研究还有较大的空缺,未来仍需进一步研究验证。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8820-0426 (徐溶蔚);https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1673-3463 (王浩);
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7720-8681 (杨琨) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 牙髓干细胞, 炎症牙髓干细胞, 炎症, 成骨分化, 骨再生, 骨组织工程, 治疗, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Dental pulp stem cells have excellent characteristics of multi-directional differentiation. Among them, osteogenic differentiation potential has a good prospect in bone tissue engineering and regeneration therapy, while inflammatory factors are strongly associated with it.  
OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress on the bidirectional effects of inflammatory factors and osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells during bone regeneration.
METHODS: In the PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang databases, the search terms were “dental pulp stem cells, inflammation, osteogenic differentiation, bone regeneration”in Chinese and “dental pulp stem cell*, dpsc*, inflam*, osteogenic differentiation, ossification, osteogenesis, bone formation” in English. Relevant articles published from 2012 to 2022 were retrieved, and 76 articles were finally included for review.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) As dental mesenchymal stem cells, dental pulp stem cells have well-known multi-directional differentiation characteristics, among which the osteogenic differentiation potential is a research hotspot of bone tissue engineering. (2) Inflammatory factors are strongly associated with bone regeneration mediated by dental pulp stem cells whether they are the microenvironment where cells live, the adjustable immune inflammatory response, or the inflammatory disease with bone tissue defect that needs regeneration. In recent years, there has been no lack of related research. (3) This article selected relevant articles in the past decade, and found that even inflammatory dental pulp stem cells from inflamed pulp tissue still retain certain osteogenic differentiation potential. Further analysis of the bidirectional relationship between inflammatory factors and dental pulp stem cells during bone regeneration found that the effect of inflammatory factors on the osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells and the immune regulation of dental pulp stem cells on inflammation have both promoting and inhibiting effects. This is mainly related to the type, concentration and time of inflammatory mediators, but the specific mechanisms are not comprehensive. (4) Recently, scholars’ researches focus on exploring the promoting factors that mediate the osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells in an inflammatory environment, especially the exogenous factors in addition to inflammatory mediators, such as drugs. (5) Some animal experiments and a few clinical trials have verified the therapeutic effect of dental pulp stem cells on inflammatory bone defect diseases especially periodontitis and arthritis by using the anti-inflammatory and osteogenic properties of dental pulp stem cells. (6) At present, there is still a big gap in the research on the mechanism of the bidirectional interaction between inflammatory factors and osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells during bone regeneration, which needs further investigation and verification in the future.

Key words: dental pulp stem cell, dental pulp stem cells from inflamed pulps, inflammation, osteogenic differentiation, bone regeneration, bone tissue engineering, treatment, review

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