中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (21): 3314-3319.doi: 10.12307/2023.454

• 细胞外基质材料 extracellular matrix materials • 上一篇    下一篇

导电水凝胶治疗脊髓完全横断大鼠的安全性评估

蒋昇源1,邓博文1,刘  港1,范  筱1,2,白惠中1,陶经纬1,赵  毅1,任敬佩1,徐  林1,穆晓红1   

  1. 1北京中医药大学东直门医院,北京市  100700;2青岛市立医院,山东省青岛市  266000
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-13 接受日期:2022-07-14 出版日期:2023-07-28 发布日期:2022-11-24
  • 通讯作者: 穆晓红,博士,教授,主任医师,博士生导师,北京中医药大学东直门医院,北京市 100700 徐林,博士,教授,主任医师,北京中医药大学东直门医院,北京市 100700
  • 作者简介:蒋昇源,男,1993年生,山东省龙口市人,汉族,北京中医药大学在读博士,主要从事脊柱脊髓损伤等研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81874467),项目负责人:穆晓红

Safety evaluation of electroactive hydrogel in the treatment of complete spinal cord transection in rats

Jiang Shengyuan1, Deng Bowen1, Liu Gang1, Fan Xiao1, 2, Bai Huizhong1, Tao Jingwei1, Zhao Yi1, Ren Jingpei1, Xu Lin1, Mu Xiaohong1   

  1. 1Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; 2Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2022-05-13 Accepted:2022-07-14 Online:2023-07-28 Published:2022-11-24
  • Contact: Mu Xiaohong, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China Xu Lin, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
  • About author:Jiang Shengyuan, Doctoral candidate, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program), No. 81874467 (to MXH)

摘要:


文题释义:

导电水凝胶:通过将导电材料聚合至水凝胶中,使传统水凝胶具备电传导特性的同时还具备与软组织相匹配的力学特性。导电水凝胶可在损伤局部形成电学微环境,促进细胞间信号交流。
脊髓微血管:由内皮细胞、细胞间连接、髓样细胞和基底膜组成,其结构的完整性是维持脊髓内环境稳定的基础。在脊髓损伤早期,微血管结构破坏,表现为血管周围实质的出血和水肿。

背景:水凝胶作为生物支架已被广泛应用于脊髓损伤的基础研究,基于脊髓组织的电信号传导特性,导电水凝胶已有初步探索及应用,但疗效及机制尚不明确。
目的:初步探索导电水凝胶促进脊髓损伤后轴突再生的潜在机制,评估导电水凝胶作为生物支架修复脊髓损伤的安全性与可行性。
方法:在甲基丙烯酰化明胶水凝胶的基础上添加导电颗粒聚吡咯,制备导电水凝胶。将36只成年雌性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组和导电水凝胶组,每组12只。假手术组仅行椎板切除,模型组和导电水凝胶组建立T9脊髓完全横断模型,缺损间隙2 mm,导电水凝胶组造模后立即予以导电水凝胶填塞缺损间隙。术后1,3,7,14,28 d进行大鼠BBB评分;术后28 d,进行血清炎性指标、肝脾肾及脊髓组织形态、微血管再生及轴突再生检测。
结果与结论:①术后28 d,导电水凝胶组BBB评分优于模型组(P < 0.05);②导电水凝胶组C-反应蛋白水平低于模型组(P < 0.05),两组血沉比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③苏木精-伊红染色显示,3组大鼠的肝、脾、肾等实质性器官无炎性细胞浸润;模型组断端处炎性细胞浸润明显,细胞排列紊乱,周围组织溶解;导电水凝胶组炎性细胞较少,细胞排列相对规整;Masson染色显示,模型组断端有大量胶原纤维长入,导电水凝胶组导电水凝胶周围仅被少量胶原纤维包裹;④免疫荧光染色显示,模型组脊髓缺损处血管内皮细胞较少,无成熟神经元细胞存在,导电水凝胶组血管内皮细胞明显多于模型组,有成形的血管轮廓,神经元数量较模型组多,但相较于假手术组细胞核固缩;⑤Western blot检测显示,导电水凝胶组血管内皮生长因子、神经丝蛋白200的蛋白表达量高于模型组(P < 0.05);⑥导电水凝胶作为生物支架修复脊髓损伤安全有效,其促进轴突再生的机制可能与促微血管再生、改善微循环有关。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4391-2360(蒋昇源)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 脊髓损伤, 水凝胶, 导电水凝胶, 血管新生, 轴突再生, 神经修复

Abstract: BACKGROUND: As a biological scaffold, hydrogel has been widely used in the basic research of spinal cord injury. Based on the electrical signal conduction characteristics of spinal cord tissue, electroactive hydrogel has been preliminally explored and applied, but its efficacy and mechanism are not clear yet.
OBJECTIVE: To preliminatively explore the potential mechanism of electroactive hydrogel promoting axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury and evaluate the safety and feasibility of conductive hydrogel as biological scaffold for spinal cord injury repair.
METHODS: On the basis of methacrylated gelatin hydrogel, conductive particle polypyrrole was added to prepare electroactive hydrogel. Thirty-six adult female SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group and electroactive hydrogel group, with 12 rats in each group. Only laminectomy was performed in sham operation group. T9 spinal cord was completely transected with 2 mm defect gap in model group and electroactive hydrogel group. The defect gap was filled with electroactive hydrogel immediately after model preparation in electroactive hydrogel group. BBB score was performed on 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after operation. On day 28 after operation, serum inflammatory indexes, tissue morphology of liver, spleen, kidney and spinal cord, microvascular regeneration and axon regeneration were detected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) BBB score of electroactive hydrogel group was better than that of model group at 28 days after operation (P < 0.05). (2) C-reactive protein levels in electroactive hydrogel group were significantly lower than those in the model group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in erythrocyte sedimentation rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). (3) Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that there was no inflammatory cell infiltration in liver, spleen and kidney of rats in the three groups. Inflammatory cell infiltration was obvious at the broken end of model group; the cells were disordered and the surrounding tissues dissolved. There were fewer inflammatory cells in electroactive hydrogel group, and cells grew in the electroactive hydrogel group and arranged orderly. Masson staining indicated that a large number of collagen fibers grew into the broken end of rats in model group, while only a small amount of collagen fibers were wrapped around the electroactive hydrogel in electroactive hydrogel group. (4) Immunofluorescence staining results showed that there were fewer vascular endothelial cells and almost no mature neurons in the spinal cord defect in model group, while the vascular endothelial cells in electroactive hydrogel group were significantly more than that in model group, and there were formed vascular contours. The number of neurons was more than that in model group, but the nucleus was pyknotic compared with the sham operation group. (5) Western blot assay showed that the protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and neurofilament 200 in electroactive hydrogel group were higher than those in model group (P < 0.05). (6) Electroactive hydrogel is safe and effective as biological scaffolds to repair spinal cord injury. The mechanism of promoting axon regeneration may be related to promoting microvascular regeneration and improving microcirculation.

Key words: spinal cord injury, hydrogel, electroactive hydrogel, angiogenesis, axon regeneration, nerve repair

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