中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (9): 1441-1447.doi: 10.12307/2023.227

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨头坏死发病机制中非编码RNA的靶标性

潘钟杰1,秦志鸿1,郑铁军2,丁晓飞1,廖世杰1   

  1. 1广西医科大学第一附属医院创伤骨科手外科,广西壮族自治区南宁市   530022;2广西医科大学再生医学与医用生物资源开发应用协同创新中心,广西壮族自治区南宁市   530022
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-01 接受日期:2022-03-12 出版日期:2023-03-28 发布日期:2022-07-02
  • 通讯作者: 廖世杰,博士,副主任医师,广西医科大学第一附属医院创伤骨科手外科,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530022
  • 作者简介:潘钟杰,男,1996 年生,广西壮族自治区柳州市人,壮族,广西医科大学第一附属医院在读硕士,主要从事小儿骨科髋关节疾病方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82060396),项目负责人:丁晓飞;广西自然科学基金面上项目(2017GXNSFAA198305),项目负责人:丁晓飞;国家自然科学基金项目(82160809),项目负责人:廖世杰;广西自然科学基金青年基金项目(2018GXNSFBA281090),项目负责人:廖世杰

Targeting of non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of the osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Pan Zhongjie1, Qin Zhihong1, Zheng Tiejun2, Ding Xiaofei1, Liao Shijie1   

  1. 1Departments of Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530022, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and Medical Biological Resources Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530022, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2021-12-01 Accepted:2022-03-12 Online:2023-03-28 Published:2022-07-02
  • Contact: Liao Shijie, MD, Associate chief physician, Departments of Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530022, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Pan Zhongjie, Master candidate, Departments of Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530022, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82060396 (to DXF); General Project of Guangxi Natural Science Foundation, No. 2017GXNSFAA198305 (to DXF); the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82160809 (to LSJ); Youth Fund Project of Guangxi Natural Science Foundation, No. 2018GXNSFBA281090 (to LSJ)

摘要:

文题释义:
股骨头坏死:最主要的病理改变是股骨头血供中断或受损,引起骨细胞及骨髓成分死亡,继而导致股骨头结构改变、股骨头塌陷,最终引起患者髋关节疼痛、功能障碍,严重影响患者的生活质量。
外泌体:指直径40-100 nm的细胞外囊泡,囊泡内含有DNA、mRNA、microRNA、脂类和蛋白质等,可以通过其所携带泡内物质的转移实现细胞间的内部信息相互传递
非编码RNA:没有蛋白质编码能力的核苷酸序列。

背景:目前非编码RNA已被证实在多种骨科疾病中发挥重要作用,因此,非编码RNA可能为了解该疾病的病因、发病机制、治疗方法带来新的思路。
目的:探索早期诊断、治疗股骨头坏死的方法和思路,综述非编码RNA在股骨头坏死中的研究进展,并提出目前所存在的问题及解决方法。
方法:以“股骨头坏死,非编码RNA,miRNA,lncRNA,circRNA”为检索词检索中国知网、万方、维普等数据库,以“osteonecrosis of the femoral head,non-coding RNAs,miRNA,lncRNA,circRNA”为检索词检索PubMed、Medline等数据库,检索时限均为 2000 年1月至2021 年11月。最终纳入67篇文献。
结果与结论:①非编码RNA的种类非常丰富,大约占所有转录产物的98%,同时占所有RNA的90%左右,根据其功能可分为管家非编码RNA(如 tRNA、rRNA、snoRNA)以及调节非编码RNA(如miRNA、lncRNA、circRNA、siRNA);②目前miRNAs与激素型股骨头坏死的研究逐渐成为热点,而外泌体lncRNAs、circRNAs与股骨头坏死的相关研究尚未见到报道;③多数非编码RNA在发生激素型股骨头坏死时表达下调,大部分非编码RNA通过负向调控其相关靶基因,以促进骨髓间充质干细胞增殖、成骨分化,促进成骨标记物的表达,也可以促进血管内皮细胞生成,从而抑制股骨头缺血性坏死的发生及进展;④外泌体携带的非编码RNA也可以在股骨头坏死中发生作用,但目前文献量较少,非编码RNA是否通过外泌体携带所产生的作用目前暂不清楚,在未来的研究中可逐渐完善;⑤利用非编码RNA类似物和抑制剂可以有效抑制非创伤性股骨头坏死的发生发展,可以为非创伤性股骨头坏死的早期诊断和治疗提供新的策略。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6673-8978 (潘钟杰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 外泌体, 股骨头坏死, 非编码RNA, miRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, 骨坏死, 股骨头, 糖皮质激素, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: At present, non-coding RNAs have been proven to play an important role in a variety of orthopedic disease. Therefore, non-coding RNAs may bring new ideas for understanding the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of this disease.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the methods and ideas of early diagnosis and treatment of the femoral head necrosis, review the research progress on non-coding RNAs in the femoral head necrosis, and put forward the existing problems and solutions. 
METHODS:  The keywords of “osteonecrosis of the femoral head, non-coding RNAs, miRNA, lncRNA, circRNA” were used to search articles published between January 2000 and November 2021 on CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, and Medline databases. Finally, 67 articles were included. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The types of non-coding RNAs are very rich, accounting for about 98% of all transcription products and 90% of the functions of all RNAs. According to their functions, they can be divided into housekeeping non-coding RNAs, such as tRNA, rRNA, and snoRNA and regulatory non-coding RNAs, such as miRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, and siRNA. (2) At present, the research on miRNAs and steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head is the most popular focus, while the related studies on exosomal lncRNAs and circRNAs and necrosis of the femoral head have not been reported. (3) The expression of most non-coding RNAs is down-regulated in the occurrence of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and most non-coding RNAs promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and the generation of osteogenic markers by negatively regulating their related target genes, can also promote the formation of vascular endothelial cells and inhibit the occurrence and progression of avascular necrosis of femoral head. (4) Non-coding RNAs carried by exosomes can also play a role in the femoral head necrosis, but there is little literature at present, and the difference between non-coding RNAs carried by exosomes is not clear at present, which can be gradually improved in future studies. (5) The use of non-coding RNAs analogues and inhibitors can effectively inhibit the occurrence and development of non-traumatic femoral head necrosis, which can provide a new strategy for the early diagnosis and treatment of non-traumatic femoral head necrosis.

Key words: exosomes, femoral head necrosis, non-coding RNA, miRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, osteonecrosis, femoral head, glucocorticoid, review

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