中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (27): 4386-4392.doi: 10.12307/2022.872

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

多细胞构建血管化组织工程骨在骨修复中的应用

赵豆豆1,2,林开利2   

  1. 1上海理工大学材料科学与工程学院,上海市  200093;2上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院,上海市  200011
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-02 接受日期:2021-06-10 出版日期:2022-09-28 发布日期:2022-03-12
  • 通讯作者: 林开利,教授,博士生导师,上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院,上海市 200011
  • 作者简介:赵豆豆,女,1996年生,河南省焦作市人,汉族,上海理工大学材料科学与工程学院在读硕士,主要从事3D生物打印及多细胞构建体的应用研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1105605),项目负责人:林开利;国家自然科学基金(81871490),项目负责人:林开利

Application of multicellular construction of vascularized tissue engineered bone in bone repair

Zhao Doudou1, 2, Lin Kaili2   

  1. 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; 2Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
  • Received:2021-04-02 Accepted:2021-06-10 Online:2022-09-28 Published:2022-03-12
  • Contact: Lin Kaili, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
  • About author:Zhao Doudou, Master candidate, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program, No. 2018YFB1105605 (to LKL); National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81871490 (to LKL)

摘要:

文题释义:
血管化:是骨组织工程的关键技术,可为组织工程构建体内的细胞供血和供氧,保证组织工程骨的存活。
血管内皮生长因子:血管生成细胞分泌的血管内皮生长因子是血管生成的主要参与者,它能够通过调节成骨生长因子的释放和旁分泌信号来诱导内皮细胞的迁移和增殖,并间接刺激成骨。

背景:组织工程骨构建体的血管化性能不足是限制骨组织工程用于修复大尺寸骨缺损临床应用的主要挑战。
目的:对近年来利用骨形成细胞和血管生成细胞构建组织工程构建体(基于支架或无支架)在骨修复中的应用进行了概述,以期实现组织工程骨可持续的血管生成及生成功能完善的血管,从而提高骨组织工程在大尺寸骨缺损修复应用中的细胞存活率、并为促进骨的形成和重塑提供参考。
方法:应用计算机对中国知网、PubMed及Web of Science数据库2000-2021年发表的文献进行了检索,中文检索词为“骨组织工程、成骨成血管、多细胞”,英文检索词为“Bone Tissue Engineering,Osteogenesis and angiogenesis,Multicellular”,根据纳入和排除标准,最终纳入63篇文献进行结果分析。
结果与结论:①目前最常用的骨形成细胞主要有间充质干细胞、脂肪干细胞和成骨细胞,常用的血管生成细胞有人脐静脉内皮细胞和内皮祖细胞。②支架内包封细胞在实现各类细胞的精准定位方面优于在支架上接种细胞。③将两种单一细胞膜片相叠加或者共培养单层细胞膜片相叠加的方法,可以调控各类细胞的位置,从而构建血管化网络。④目前,基于支架的组织工程技术还需克服支架降解速率与组织再生速率的不匹配性、细胞与生物材料相互作用不可控等问题,而基于无支架细胞膜片的组织工程还需要克服力学强度低的难题。⑤未来研究需构建具有临床所需大小的功能性3D血管化组织工程骨,还需关注包括细胞培养和生物学作用机制;结合组织工程、细胞工程和基因工程构建组织工程骨,有望实现刺激早期血管生成、保持血液循环,防止构建体内部的细胞死亡,并起到加速构建体修复临床大体积骨缺损的作用。 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1900-9641 (林开利) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 血管化, 骨组织工程, 多细胞, 共培养, 成骨成血管, 支架, 细胞膜片, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Insufficient vascularization of tissue engineered bone is the main challenge that limits the clinical application of bone tissue engineering to repair large bone defects. 
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the application of bone-forming cells and angiogenic cells to construct tissue engineered bone (based on scaffold or scaffold-free) in bone repair. It is expected to realize the sustainable angiogenesis of tissue engineered bone and the generation of fully functional blood vessels, so as to improve the cell survival rate of bone tissue engineering in the application of large bone defect repair, and to provide a reference for promoting bone formation and remodeling.
METHODS: The articles published in the CNKI database, PubMed database, and Web of science database from 2000 to 2021 were searched by computer. The Chinese and English key words were “bone tissue engineering, osteogenesis and angiogenesis, multicellular”. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 63 articles were finally included for analysis of the results. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) At present, the most commonly used bone-forming cells are mainly mesenchymal stem cells, adipose stem cells and osteoblasts, and the most commonly used angiogenic cells are human umbilical vein endothelial cells and endothelial progenitor cells. (2) Encapsulating cells in a scaffold is better than seeding cells on a scaffold in achieving precise positioning of various types of cells. (3) The method of stacking two different mono-cultured cell sheets or co-cultured mono-layered cell sheets can control the position of various types of cells to construct a vascularied network. (4) At present, scaffold-based tissue engineering still needs to overcome the problems of mismatch between scaffold degradation rate and tissue regeneration rate, uncontrollable interaction between cells and biomaterials, and so on. Tissue engineering based on scaffold-free cell sheets needs to overcome the problem of low mechanical strength. (5) The future creation of a functional 3D vascularized tissue engineered bone of clinical size also requires attention, including cell culture and biological mechanisms of action. The combination of tissue engineering, cell engineering and genetic engineering to construct tissue engineered bone is expected to stimulate early angiogenesis, maintain blood circulation, prevent cell death inside the construct, and accelerate the repair of clinical large scale bone defects.

Key words: vascularization, bone tissue engineering, multicellularity, co-culture, osteogenesis and angiogenesis, scaffold, cell sheets, review

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