中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (26): 4168-4174.doi: 10.12307/2021.116

• 组织构建细胞学实验 cytology experiments in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

外基质激活ERK信号通路促进成纤维细胞增殖及膝关节术后的纤维化

侯靖钊1,张  振2   

  1. 1靖江市人民医院,江苏省泰州市  214500;2 大连医科大学,辽宁省大连市  116044
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-27 修回日期:2020-07-29 接受日期:2020-08-19 出版日期:2021-09-18 发布日期:2021-05-10
  • 通讯作者: 张振,医师,大连医科大学,辽宁省大连市 116044 E-mail:1395637072@qq.com
  • 作者简介:侯靖钊,男,1976年生,江苏省靖江市人,汉族,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事骨科关节研究。

Extracellular matrix promotes fibroblast proliferation and post-operation knee arthrofibrosis through ERK signaling pathway

Hou Jingzhao1, Zhang Zhen2   

  1. 1Jingjiang People’s Hospital, Taizhou 214500, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2020-07-27 Revised:2020-07-29 Accepted:2020-08-19 Online:2021-09-18 Published:2021-05-10
  • Contact: Zhang Zhen, Physician, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China E-mail:1395637072@qq.com
  • About author:Hou Jingzhao, Master, Associate chief physician, Jingjiang People’s Hospital, Taizhou 214500, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:
外基质:细胞在正常及病理状态下都会产生并分泌大量的纤维连接蛋白、胶原蛋白、层粘连蛋白等蛋白及多糖,这些物质在细胞表面或细胞之间形成网络状的三维空间构成了细胞生存的空间,维持细胞功能,将细胞裂解并去除细胞碎片及遗传物质便会得到脱细胞外基质。
膝关节粘连:膝关节术后或创伤可引发膝关节过度纤维化而形成瘢痕,致使其与周围神经、骨、韧带等组织发生粘连,导致患者下肢疼痛及运动障碍。4%-10%行全髋关节置换的患者术后会发生膝关节粘连,严重影响患者的生活及工作。

背景:关节纤维化是关节手术的严重并发症之一,目前认为外基质对纤维化的发生至关重要,然而其发生机制尚不明确。
目的:探究外基质在膝关节术后纤维化中的作用及体外对成纤维细胞增殖能力的影响。
方法:①体内实验:取12只新西兰大白兔构建下肢膝关节粘连模型,术后2,4周取材,分别进行苏木精-伊红染色、马松染色、天狼猩红染色、增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)免疫组织化学染色,分析外基质对膝关节术后纤维化的影响。②体外实验:构建成纤维细胞来源的外基质与脱细胞外基质,共聚焦三维成像下检测外基质厚度。将成纤维细胞分别进行脱细胞外基质三维培养与二维培养,利用细胞膜染色、细胞快速黏附实验评估脱细胞外基质功能,利用细胞计数、EdU实验、细胞周期与Western blot检测评估脱细胞外基质对细胞增殖的影响,同时检测ERK信号通路蛋白表达。
结果与结论:①体内实验:苏木精-伊红、马松、天狼猩红染色显示,术后4周的关节纤维化程度加重,纤维化组织中外基质主要成分胶原合成增加,天狼星红染色显示胶原构成主要是Ⅰ和Ⅲ型胶原蛋白。免疫组织化学染色显示,术后4周纤维化组织中的成纤维细胞数量及PCNA蛋白水平增加。②体外实验:外基质厚度>10 μm。细胞膜染色显示,三维培养的成纤维细胞呈现纺锤形,二维培养的细胞形态不规则。快速黏附实验显示,三维培养的细胞黏附数量约是二维培养的6倍(P < 0.05)。细胞计数、EdU实验、细胞周期分析显示,三维培养的成纤维细胞增殖快于二维培养(P < 0.05)。Western blot检测显示,三维培养的PCNA、Cyclin D1及p-MEK、p-ERK蛋白表达高于二维培养
(P  < 0.05)。③结果表明,外基质可能是通过激活ERK信号通路促进成纤维细胞的增殖及膝关节术后纤维化粘连的发生。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1328-6522 (侯靖钊);https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6286-8049 (张振)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 材料, 外基质, 纤维化, 脱细胞外基质, 成纤维细胞, 增殖, 信号通路, 蛋白质

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis and fracture type are two important reasons for the failure of internal fixation of proximal femoral nail antirotation. Type AO31-A3.3 interArthrofibrosis is one of the most serious complications. It is currently considered that extracellular matrix plays an important role in the occurrence of fibrosis; however, the mechanism of extracellular matrix is still unclear. 

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of extracellular matrix on post-operation arthrofibrosis and fibroblast proliferation in vitro.  
METHODS: (1) In vivo test: twelve New Zealand rabbit models of lower-lime knee arthrofibrosis were established; and the influence of the extracellular matrix on post-operation arthrofibrosis was studied by hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson staining, Sirius red staining and proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunohistochemical staining at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery. (2) In vitro test: Fibroblast derived extracellular matrix and decellularized extracellular matrix were constructed, and the thickness of extracellular matrix was measured by confocal three-dimensional imaging. Fibroblasts were cultured in three-dimensional and two-dimensional extracellular matrix. The function of extracellular matrix was evaluated by cell membrane staining and rapid cell attachment test. Cell count, EdU test, cell cycle and western blot assay were used to evaluate the effect of extracellular matrix on cell proliferation, and the expression of ERK signaling pathway protein was detected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In vivo test: hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson trichrome staining and Sirius red staining results showed that the degree of fibrosis was serious at 4 weeks; and the collagen synthesis of extracellular matrix in arthrofibrosis tissue increased obviously. Sirius red staining results showed that the collagen was mainly composited of collagen type I and III. Immunohistochemical staining showed that number of fibroblasts and the level of PCNA protein in fibrotic tissue increased 4 weeks after operation. In vitro test: The thickness of the outer matrix was more than 10 μm. Cell membrane staining showed that fibroblasts in three-dimensional culture were spindle shaped, while those in two-dimensional culture were irregular. rapid cell attachment test demonstrated that the number of cell adhesion in three-dimensional culture was 6 times that in two-dimensional culture (P < 0.05). Cell count, EdU test, and cell cycle analysis showed that the proliferation of fibroblasts in three-dimensional culture was faster than that in two-dimensional culture (P < 0.05). Western blot assay showed that the expression of PCNA, Cyclin D1, p-MEK and p-ERK in three-dimensional culture was higher than that in two-dimensional culture            (P < 0.05). In summary, extracellular matrix promotes the occurrence of post-operation arthrofibrosis and fibroblast proliferation possibly through ERK signaling pathway.

Key words: bone, material, extracellular matrix, fibrosis, extracellular matrix, fibroblast, proliferation, signaling pathway, protein

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