中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (21): 3319-3323.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3859

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨转子间骨折股骨近端防旋髓内钉固定围术期重复静脉应用氨甲环酸的作用

王  皓1,王毅焘1,吕泽祥1,李腾飞1,王绍龙1,王业华1,2   

  1. 1徐州医科大学,江苏省徐州市   221000;2 徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市   221000
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-04 修回日期:2020-08-07 接受日期:2020-09-11 出版日期:2021-07-28 发布日期:2021-01-23
  • 通讯作者: 王业华,主任医师,徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市 221000
  • 作者简介:王皓,男,1992年生,江苏省徐州市人,徐州医科大学在读硕士,主要从事骨外科疾病相关研究。

Effect of repeated intravenous tranexamic acid in the perioperative period of proximal femoral nail antirotation for femoral intertrochanteric fracture

Wang Hao1, Wang Yitao1, Lü Zexiang1, Li Tengfei1, Wang Shaolong1, Wang Yehua1, 2   

  1. 1Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2020-08-04 Revised:2020-08-07 Accepted:2020-09-11 Online:2021-07-28 Published:2021-01-23
  • Contact: Wang Yehua, Chief physician, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Wang Hao, Master candidate, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
术后隐性失血:指外科手术后,排除手术创面失血、术中及术后引流丢失等可计算的显性失血之外患者体内丢失的血量。在股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定术后,总失血量中大部分为隐性失血,大量失血常增加术后不良事件发生率,延缓患者康复。
氨甲环酸:为一种纤溶蛋白溶解抑制药,赖氨酸的合成衍生物,可以与纤溶酶上的赖氨酸位点结合减少纤溶酶原的转变及组织纤维蛋白的降解,从而起到止血的作用。

背景:股骨转子间骨折股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定围术期应用氨甲环酸的最佳用法仍无统一标准。
目的:探讨股骨转子间骨折患者股骨近端防旋髓内钉固定围术期重复静脉应用氨甲环酸的作用及安全性。 
方法:选择2017年9月至2020年6月在徐州医科大学附属医院行股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折的患者共100例,随机分成3组。单次给药组33例患者在术前半小时给予氨甲环酸1.0 g静脉滴注;重复给药组35例患者术前同单次给药组给药,术后3,6 h重复静脉滴注氨甲环酸1.0 g;对照组32例术前半小时给予等量生理盐水。收集3组患者基线资料、手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、围术期血红蛋白、红细胞压积、C-反应蛋白、白细胞介素6水平,术前及术后7 d行下肢深静脉彩超检查,计算围术期总失血量、隐性失血量和血栓发生率。
结果与结论:①重复给药组患者总失血量(499.20±189.80) mL,明显低于单次给药组(722.33±241.76) mL和对照组(859.41±165.03) mL,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);重复给药组患者隐性失血量(359.03±208.57) mL明显低于单次给药组(544.73±290.69) mL和对照组(719.22±204.08) mL,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);②术后3组C-反应蛋白和白细胞介素6水平比较,术后重复给药组炎症指标最低,对照组炎症指标最高,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③3组患者无肺栓塞发生,下肢血栓均为无症状的肌间静脉血栓,其中对照组2例(2/32),单次给药组4例(4/33),重复给药组3例(3/35),3组间差异无显著性意义(P < 0.05);④提示股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定围术期重复应用氨甲环酸可进一步减少围术期隐性失血量,具有潜在的抗炎作用,且不增加患者血栓发生风险。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4539-0690 (王皓) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 股骨转子间骨折, 股骨近端防旋髓内钉, 内固定, 氨甲环酸, 失血量, 抗炎

Abstract: BACKGROUND: There is still no uniform standard for the optimal use of tranexamic acid in proximal femoral nail antirotation for femoral intertrochanteric fracture.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect and safety of repeated intravenous tranexamic acid in the perioperative period of proximal femoral nail antirotation in patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture. 
METHODS: Totally 100 patients with intertrochanteric fracture treated by proximal femoral nail antirotation in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from September 2017 to June 2020 were randomly divided into three groups. In the single-dose group, 33 patients were given tranexamic acid 1.0 g intravenously half an hour before operation. In the repeated-dose group, 35 patients were given the same medicine as the single-dose group before operation, and repeated intravenous drip of tranexamic acid 1.0 g at 3 and 6 hours after operation. In the control group, 32 patients were given an equal volume of physiological saline half an hour before operation. The baseline data, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, perioperative hemoglobin, hematocrit, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 were collected from the three groups. Color Doppler ultrasound examination of lower extremity deep vein was conducted; and the total blood loss, hidden blood loss and thrombosis rate were calculated before and 7 days after operation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Total blood loss was significantly lower in the repeated-dose group (499.20±189.80) mL than that in the single-dose group (722.33±241.76) mL and control group (859.41±165.03) mL (P < 0.05). The hidden blood loss was significantly lower in the repeated-dose group (359.03± 208.57) mL than that in the single-dose group (544.73±290.69) mL and control group (719.22±204.08) mL (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 in three groups after operation, the inflammatory indexes in repeated-dose group were the lowest and those in the control group were the highest (P < 0.05). (3) There was no pulmonary embolism in the three groups, and the lower extremity thrombosis was asymptomatic intermuscular venous thrombosis. There were two cases (2/32) in the control group, four cases (4/33) in single-dose group, and three cases (3/35) in repeated-dose group. The difference was not statistically significant (P < 0.05). (4) It is indicated that repeated use of tranexamic acid in the perioperative period of proximal femoral nail antirotation can further reduce the hidden blood loss, and reduce the inflammatory reaction without increasing the risk of thrombosis.

Key words: femoral intertrochanteric fracture, proximal femoral nail antirotation, internal fixation, tranexamic acid, blood loss, antiinflammatory

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