中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (14): 2280-2286.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3122

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

运动性肌肉损伤:机制、磁共振定量评价及治疗研究进展

吕晓虹1,2,高  月1,刘  强1,潘诗农1   

  1. 1中国医科大学附属盛京医院放射科,辽宁省沈阳市  110000,2锦州医科大学附属第一医院放射科,辽宁省锦州市  121000
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-15 修回日期:2020-05-19 接受日期:2020-06-29 出版日期:2021-05-18 发布日期:2020-12-31
  • 通讯作者: 潘诗农,教授,中国医科大学附属盛京医院放射科,辽宁省沈阳市 110000
  • 作者简介:吕晓虹,女,1982年生,吉林省白山市人,汉族,在读博士,主治医师,主要从事运动医学和骨肌影像诊断研究。
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省自然科学基金面上项目(20180530051),项目负责人:吕晓虹;辽宁省自然科学基金指导计划(2019-ZD-0794),项目负责人:潘诗农

Exercise-induced muscle damage: mechanism, quantitative MRI evaluation and treatment advances

Lyu Xiaohong1, 2, Gao Yue1, Liu Qiang1, Pan Shinong1   

  1. 1Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China; 2Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2020-05-15 Revised:2020-05-19 Accepted:2020-06-29 Online:2021-05-18 Published:2020-12-31
  • Contact: Pan Shinong, Professor, Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Lyu Xiaohong, MD candidate, Attending physician, Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China; Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (General Project), No. 20180530051 (to LXH); the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (Guiding Project), No. 2019-ZD-0794 (to PSN)

摘要:

文题释义:
延迟性肌肉酸痛:是指机体在进行大运动量后尤其是从事一项新运动或运动强度突然增加后的一段时间内出现的肌肉酸痛现象。肌肉酸痛是肌肉损伤的最常见表现之一,其不发生在运动期间或运动后即刻,而是在运动后24 h逐渐加剧,5-7 d后逐渐消失,因而称之为延迟性肌肉酸痛。
磁共振定量评价:常规磁共振反映的是根据不同权重序列做的不同组织基于信号强度的灰度图,但影响这种信号强度的因素非常多,不具备可比性。近年来随着磁共振技术的发展,通过某些特殊的序列可以测量组织的某些特性值,并且可以对该特征值进行定量分析,这些序列主要有扩散加权成像、弥散张量成像、T2 mapping技术和波谱成像等。

背景:运动性肌肉损伤是一般人群锻炼和专业人群体育训练中非常普遍的现象,轻者影响日常生活,重者制约运动技能的发展。
目的:综述运动性肌肉损伤的核心机制,讨论基于损伤机制的磁共振影像学定量评价、治疗方法进展及尚未解决的问题。
方法:第一作者以“exercise-induced muscle damage,delayed onset muscle soreness,eccentric exercise,eccentric contractions,skeletal muscle”为英文检索词,以“运动性肌肉损伤,延迟性肌肉酸痛,离心运动,离心收缩,骨骼肌”为中文检索词,通过计算机检索 PubMed、Web of science、Embase、知网、万方数据库中1900至2020年发表的相关文献,并进行筛选、评估、归纳,最终纳入70篇相关文献进行综述。
结果与结论:目前关于运动性肌肉损伤机制的国际主流观点倾向于机械损伤学说、代谢紊乱学说及炎症学说多种因素的共同作用。MRI在运动损伤领域发挥越来越重要的作用,不同的序列及测量参数能够定量地从水分子扩散受限水平、各异向性、骨骼肌炎症程度、能量代谢能力来评估肌肉损伤的情况。基于主要损伤机制,治疗手段主要包括运动、药物及康复治疗,且取得了一定的成果。寻找MRI参数量化损伤可逆与否的阈值及针对性更强的防治方法是未来的研究方向。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0864-2457 (吕晓虹 )

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 肌肉, 运动性肌肉损伤, 肌肉酸痛, 离心收缩, 运动, 骨骼肌, 磁共振, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Exercise-induced muscle damage is a common phenomenon in both general population and professional sports training, of which the light can affect daily life and the heavy can restrict the development of sports skills.
OBJECTIVE: To review the changes of quantitative MRI, advances in treatment and unsolved problems based on the core mechanism of exercise-induced muscle damage.
METHODS: The first author searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI and WanFang databases to retrieve relevant articles published from 1900 to 2020 with the search terms of “exercise-induced muscle damage, delayed onset muscle soreness, eccentric exercise, eccentric contractions, skeletal muscle” in English and Chinese, respectively. Finally, 70 relevant literatures were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The international mainstream views on the mechanism of exercise-induced muscle damage tend to be the theory of mechanical injury, metabolic disorder and inflammation. MRI plays an increasingly important role in the field of sports injury. Different sequences and measurement parameters can quantify muscle damage in terms of the level of restricted diffusion of water molecules, anisotropy, the degree of inflammation, and the ability of energy metabolism. Based on the main mechanism of muscle damage, treatments for muscle damage mainly include exercise, medication, and rehabilitation, all of which have made some achievements. Future research on the threshold value of MRI parameters quantifying whether the damage is reversible or not as well as more targeted prevention and treatment means is warranted.

Key words: muscle, exercise-induced muscle damage, muscle soreness, eccentric contraction, exercise, skeletal muscle, MRI, review

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