中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (31): 5079-5084.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2093

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    

外泌体在周围神经损伤进程中的效应

袁一鸣1,王  艳2,陈程程1,赵明月1,裴  飞2   

  1. 1黑龙江中医药大学,黑龙江省哈尔滨市  150040;2黑龙江中医药大学附属第二医院,黑龙江省哈尔滨市  150001
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-09 修回日期:2019-10-21 接受日期:2019-12-05 出版日期:2020-11-08 发布日期:2020-09-05
  • 通讯作者: 王艳,博士,博士后,主任医师,教授,黑龙江中医药大学附属第二医院,黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150001
  • 作者简介:袁一鸣,男,1995年生,黑龙江省哈尔滨市人,在读硕士,主要从事周围神经损伤康复方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    哈尔滨市科技局科技创新人才研究基金(2016RAXYJ106);黑龙江省自然科学基金(JJ2017ZR0135)

Efficacy of exosomes in peripheral nerve injury

Yuan Yiming1, Wang Yan2, Chen Chengcheng1, Zhao Mingyue1, Pei Fei2   

  1. 1Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China; 2the Second Hospital Affiliated to Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2019-10-09 Revised:2019-10-21 Accepted:2019-12-05 Online:2020-11-08 Published:2020-09-05
  • Contact: Wang Yan, MD, Chief physician, Professor, the Second Hospital Affiliated to Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Yuan Yiming, Master candidate, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Science and Technology Innovation Talent Research Foundation of Science and Technology Bureau of Harbin, No. 2016RAXYJ106; the Natural Science Foundation of Helongjiang Province, No. JJ2017ZR0135

摘要:

文题释义:

外泌体:是一种纳米级的细胞外囊泡,其直径大小为40-100 nm,通常以超速离心的方式提取。外泌体是一种重要的细胞间通讯工具,参与多种生理和病理过程,其具体作用取决于外泌体携带的各种成分如蛋白质、RNA等。

周围神经损伤:是临床中常见的疾病,且患病率较高,常表现为麻木、刺痛、灼痛等感觉障碍以及不同程度的运动功能障碍,严重可致使瘫痪,其修复过程复杂,涉及神经组织再生、周围微环境、免疫等多种因素影响,且不易完全恢复。

背景:外泌体由于具有细胞间的通讯功能以及多种生物学特性,可以通过多种途径来干预疾病的发生发展,在周围神经损伤疾病治疗中具有巨大潜力。

目的:综述外泌体在治疗周围神经损伤进程中的相关作用与作用机制,为临床治疗周围神经损伤以及基础研究提供一定的理论依据。

方法检索CNKIPubMed等数据库建库至201910月期间关于外泌体与神经系统损伤相关的文献,检索词为“外泌体,周围神经损伤,miRNA,许旺细胞,炎症,血管再生”和“exosomeperipheral nervous injurymiRNAschwann cellinflammationvessel regeneration”,共纳入60篇文献进行分析。

结果与结论:①总结外泌体的结构与功能,发现其作为多种疾病的诊断指标与治疗方案具有很大的优势;②外泌体及其包含的miRNAmRNA和蛋白质不但可以反映来源细胞的病理生理状态,而且被证实是重要的细胞间通讯及生物活性物质转运的重要方式;③从治疗周围神经损伤的途径(轴突再生、调节炎症、血管再生)方面,发现外泌体有助于周围神经损伤修复。

ORCID: 0000-0002-6275-5244(袁一鸣)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 外泌体, 周围神经损伤,  miRNA,  许旺细胞,  炎症,  血管再生

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Due to intercellular communication functions and various biological characteristics, exosomes can deal with disease occurrence and development through multiple channels. It has great potential in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the relevant role and mechanism of exosomes in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury, and provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment of peripheral nerve injury and basic research.

METHODS: The articles related to exosomes and nervous system injuries were searched in CNKI and PubMed databases from inception to October 2019. The keywords were “exosome, peripheral nervous injury, miRNA, Schwann cell, inflammation, vessel regeneration” in Chinese and English, respectively. Sixty eligible articles were included for analysis.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The structure and function of exosomes are summarized, and it has great advantages as a diagnostic index and treatment plan for various diseases. Exosomes and their main effectors miRNAs, mRNAs and proteins cannot only reflect the pathophysiologic conditions of the derived cells, but also are important ways for intercellular communication and bioactive material transport. In the perspective of the pathways for the treatment of peripheral nerve injury (axon regeneration, regulation of inflammation, angiogenesis), exosomes contribute to the repair of peripheral nerve injury.

Key words: exosomes,  peripheral nerve injury,  miRNA,  Schwann cell,  inflammation,  angiogenesis

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