中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (32): 5227-5232.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1988

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

退变性腰椎侧凸的认知及矫形融合固定治疗

张科峰1,刘  阳2,张存鑫1,吕超亮1   

  1. 1济宁市第一人民医院脊柱外科,山东省济宁市  272111;2诸城市人民医院关节外科,山东省诸城市  262200
  • 出版日期:2019-11-18 发布日期:2019-11-18
  • 通讯作者: 吕超亮,博士,副主任医师,济宁市第一人民医院脊柱外科,山东省济宁市 272111
  • 作者简介:张科峰,男,1976年生,山东省郓城县人,汉族,2008年山东大学毕业,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱退行性疾病与脊髓损伤方面的研究。

Cognition of degenerative lumbar scoliosis and its orthopedic fusion and fixation

Zhang Kefeng1, Liu Yang2, Zhang Cunxin1, Lü Chaoliang1   

  1. 1Department of Spine Surgery, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining 272111, Shandong Province, China; 2Department of Joint Surgery, Zhucheng People’s Hospital, Zhucheng 262200, Shandong Province, China
  • Online:2019-11-18 Published:2019-11-18
  • Contact: Lü Chaoliang, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining 272111, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Kefeng, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining 272111, Shandong Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:



文题释义:
退变性腰椎侧凸:属于成年人脊柱侧凸畸形,是指在骨骼发育成熟以后,因为脊柱退行性改变而引起的腰椎侧凸,其Cobb角通常大于10°而小于40°,又称为de novo退变性侧凸或老年性腰椎侧凸。退变性腰椎侧凸的特点是随着年龄的增加而出现阶段性脊柱失稳和由此诱发的进行性畸形及疼痛。
慢性腰背痛:是指腰背部及腰骶部的长期疼痛,疼痛可表现为持续性或间断性,大多数疼痛程度不重,为轻至中度疼痛,少数患者可有剧烈痉挛性疼痛。疼痛发作时可伴有/不伴有下肢的牵涉痛或放射痛。腰背痛是人类脊柱最常见的疾患,约80%以上人一生中会有慢性腰痛的病史。引起腰背部的致病因素较多,腰背部及腰骶部的所有组织(包括皮肤、皮下组织、肌肉、韧带、脊椎、肋骨、脊髓)的病变,均会引起腰背痛的发生。
 
摘要
背景:退变性腰椎侧凸是引起下腰背痛及下肢根性症状和间歇性跛行的常见原因之一,是近年来脊柱退行性疾病中的研究热点。
目的:主要对近几年国内外关于退变性腰椎侧凸的认知及治疗方法进行综述,旨在为退变性腰椎侧凸的治疗方案提供参考。
方法:以“退变性腰椎侧凸,椎间融合,内固定治疗,手术治疗,椎弓根螺钉,degenerative scoliosis, interbody fusion, internal fixation, operative treatment, pedicle screw”为检索词,分别检索1987年12月至2018年12月发表的与退变性腰椎侧凸、腰椎滑脱症、脊柱不稳、脊柱侧凸、脊柱畸形等的相关文章。根据入选标准及排除标准摘选42篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:①成人退行性脊柱侧凸手术的主要适应证是椎间孔狭窄引起的腰背痛、下肢放射痛、麻木及跛行;②在选择手术方法时,应仔细评估主要症状和潜在的疾病,不仅要减轻症状,而且要尽量减少术后并发症;③由于手术后侧凸的进展,单纯减压术通常不能治愈;在Cobb角较小、旋转畸形最小、冠状位和矢状位不平衡较轻的情况下,可采用减压加短节段固定融合术;在较大的Cobb角和冠状矢状不平衡的情况下,可选择减压加长节段矫形融合固定术;④任何用于成人退行性脊柱侧凸的手术都有较高的并发症,因此在选择手术方法之前,应该仔细考虑患者手术的风险和获益。


ORCID: 0000-0003-3266-4023(张科峰)

关键词: 退变性腰椎侧凸, 椎间融合, 内固定, 短节段固定, 长节段固定, 减压, 椎弓根螺钉

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Degenerative lumbar scoliosis is one of the common causes of lower back pain and intermittent claudication. It is one of the focus research of spinal degenerative diseases in recent years.
OBJECTIVE: To review the cognition and treatment methods of degenerative lumbar scoliosis at home and abroad in recent years, and to provide reference for the treatment of degenerative lumbar scoliosis.
METHODS: The articles related to the degenerative lumbar scoliosis, spondylolisthesis, spinal instability, scoliosis, and spinal deformity published between December 1987 and December 2018 were retrieved by computer. The keywords were “degenerative scoliosis, interbody fusion, internal fixation, operative treatment, pedicle screw” in Chinese and English, respectively. Totally 42 articles were enrolled based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The main indications for adult degenerative scoliosis surgery are low back pain, radiation pain in lower limbs, numbness and claudication caused by intervertebral foramen stenosis. (2) When choosing the surgical methods, the main symptoms and potential diseases should be carefully evaluated. Not only to reduce symptoms, but also to minimize postoperative complications. (3) Due to the progression of postoperative scoliosis, decompression alone is usually not curable. In the case of small Cobb angle, minimal rotational deformity, light coronal and sagittal imbalances, decompression plus segmentary fixation and fusion can be used. In the case of large Cobb angle and coronal sagittal imbalance, decompression and lengthening segmentary orthopaedic fusion fixation may be selected. (4) Any surgery for adult degenerative scoliosis has a higher incidence of complications, so the risks and benefits of surgery should be carefully considered before selecting a surgical approach.

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