中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (32): 5203-5208.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1460

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

关节置换治疗膝骨关节炎合并股骨侧弓:传统方法及计算机导航辅助的对比

卿明松,彭笳宸,杨礼丹,赵春涛   

  1. 遵义医科大学附属医院关节外科,贵州省遵义市  563000
  • 出版日期:2019-11-18 发布日期:2019-11-18
  • 通讯作者: 彭笳宸,博士,教授,主任医师,遵义医科大学附属医院关节外科,贵州省遵义市 563000
  • 作者简介:卿明松,男,1993年生,贵州省仁怀市人,汉族,遵义医科大学在读硕士,主要从事关节置换方面的研究。

Total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis with femoral bowing: comparison of conventional method and computer-assisted navigation

Qing Mingsong, Peng Jiachen, Yang Lidan, Zhao Chuntao   

  1. Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Online:2019-11-18 Published:2019-11-18
  • Contact: Peng Jiachen, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Qing Mingsong, Master candidate, Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:


文题释义:
下肢力线:即股骨机械轴与胫骨机械轴的夹角,股骨机械轴为股骨头圆心与股骨髁间窝顶点的连线,胫骨机械轴为胫骨髁间嵴中点与踝关节中心的连线,踝关节中心取内外踝的中点。
外翻截骨角:股骨解剖轴与股骨机械轴(即股骨头旋转中心和膝关节中心的连线)构成的夹角。
 
摘要
背景:有研究表明股骨侧弓与股骨远端外翻截骨角度呈强相关性,因此行膝关节置换截骨时,股骨远端外翻截骨角度可随侧弓角度大小变化而变化,如果术前计划不充分或者没有意识到该问题,会造成股骨远端截骨不准确影响到术后下肢力线以及股骨假体位置,成为可能影响临床效果的一类因素;针对该类终末期膝关节骨关节炎需行全膝关节置换的患者,常常采用传统或计算机导航辅助2种术式。
目的:对股骨侧弓存在的原因、定义以及影响进行综述,并且对比膝关节骨关节炎合并股骨侧弓行关节置换时传统及计算机导航辅助术式的术中截骨情况及术后疗效。
方法:通过计算机在CNKI数据库、PubMed 数据库及万方数据库检索相关文献,检索词为“膝关节炎,股骨侧弓,股骨弯曲,全膝关节置换术,计算机导航,下肢力线,Knee arthritis,Femoral bowing,Total knee arthroplasty/replacement,Computer-assisted navigation,limb alignment”。查阅1997年8月至 2018 年5月期间收录的相关文章,包括综述以及临床研究。通过阅读文章标题以及文中摘要进行初步筛选,根据纳入标准和排除标准,最终纳入51篇文献进行结果分析。
结果与结论:①亚洲人中股骨侧弓的发生率较欧美等西方人种要高,需加强维生素D和钙的摄入;②股骨侧弓与股骨远端外翻角存在强相关性,传统方法固定外翻角度截骨可能会导致截骨不准确,影响下肢力线及假体安放;③相比于传统方法,计算机导航辅助膝关节置换能够更准确地重建术后下肢力线以及获得精确的假体安放位置;④2种术式相比,导航在重建冠状位力线上更具有优势,但这并没有带来满意的临床效果,退变前本身就存在畸形,那么恢复至中立位力线有可能得不到满意的临床效果。


ORCID: 0000-0001-5926-9352(卿明松)

关键词: 全膝关节置换, 膝关节炎, 下肢力线, 计算机导航, 股骨侧弓

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that the femoral bowing angle is strongly associated with the distal femoral valgus angle, so the distal femoral valgus angle can vary with the angle of the femoral bowing. If the preoperative plan is inadequate or not aware of the problem, it will affect the postoperative lower limb alignment and the position of femoral prosthesis and affect clinical outcomes. Either conventional or computer-assisted navigation surgery can often be used in patients with total knee arthroplasty for this type of end-stage knee osteoarthritis.
OBJECTIVE: To review the causes, definitions and effects of the presence of the femoral bowing, and compare the intraoperative osteotomy and postoperative outcomes in the two surgical methods for knee osteoarthritis with femoral bowing in total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI, PubMed, and WanFang was performed for retrieving articles concerning the application of arthroplasty in the end-stage knee arthritis with femoral bowing published from August 1997 to May 2018. The keywords were “knee arthritis, femoral bowing, total knee arthroplasty/replacement, computer-assisted navigation, limb alignment” in Chinese and English, respectively. After initial screening of titles and abstracts and exclusion of irrelevant articles, 51 eligible articles were included in final analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The incidence of femoral bowing in Asians is higher than that of Western Europeans and other Westerners, and vitamin D and calcium intake should be strengthened. (2) There is a strong correlation between the femoral bowing and the distal femoral valgus angle. Conventional cutting angle may affect the lower limb alignment and prosthesis placement. (3) Compared with the conventional method, computer-assisted navigation total knee arthroplasty can more accurately reconstruct the postoperative lower limb alignment and accurately place the position the prosthesis. (4) In the two surgical procedures, navigation has more advantages in rebuilding the coronal lower limb alignment, but it cannot bring satisfactory clinical outcomes. Before degeneration, it has its own deformity, and then it returns to the neutral position, and may not get satisfied clinical outcomes.

Key words: total knee arthroplasty, knee osteoarthritis, limb alignment, computer navigation, femoral bowing

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