中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (23): 3730-3735.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0292

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

下胫腓关节损伤诊治及螺钉固定的进展及问题

陈洪均,毕郑刚   

  1. 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院骨外科,黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150001
  • 出版日期:2018-08-18 发布日期:2018-08-18
  • 通讯作者: 毕郑刚,主任医师,博士生导师,哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院骨外科,黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150001
  • 作者简介:陈洪均,哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院骨外科,黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150001

Diagnosis and treatment of inferior tibiofibular joint injury and screw fixation: advances and problems  

Chen Hong-jun, Bi Zheng-gang   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Online:2018-08-18 Published:2018-08-18
  • Contact: Bi Zheng-gang, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Chen Hong-jun, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

 

文题释义:
下胫腓关节:又称下胫腓联合,由多枚韧带及骨性结构共同构成,下胫腓关节韧带结构稳定对踝关节发挥正常功能至关重要。下胫腓关节损伤虽较踝关节侧方结构损伤的发生率低,但是下胫腓关节损伤的愈合时间却是踝关节侧方结构损伤后愈合时间的2倍。若下胫腓关节损伤未良好愈合便进行正常的体育活动,会导致踝关节失稳,此时即使手术治疗也无法挽回下胫腓关节的正常功能。
下胫腓皮质骨螺钉的使用指征:下胫腓皮质骨螺钉普遍应用于Lauge-Hansen分型的旋后外旋型、旋前外展型和旋前外旋型损伤,学者认为以下2种情况需使用下胫腓皮质骨螺钉:①高位腓骨骨折患者,即腓骨骨折线高于关节面> 4.5 cm的骨折,因为腓骨高位骨折会损伤骨间膜,影响下胫腓关节稳定性;②术中Hook试验结果阳性的患者。
 
摘要
背景:下胫腓关节对维持踝关节的稳定性至关重要,但是下胫腓关节损伤易被漏诊,得不到及时诊治最终导致持续性疼痛、创伤性关节炎、踝关节失稳等并发症。
目的:就下胫腓关节损伤诊治及皮质骨螺钉固定的研究进展进行综述。
方法:第一作者应用计算机检索1950年1月至2015年12月PubMed数据库收录有关下胫腓关节损伤诊断、治疗及皮质骨螺钉固定的文章,英文检索词为“syndesmosis injury,syndesmotic screw,evaluation,management”,共检索到100余篇相关文献,59篇文献符合纳入标准。 
结果与结论:①不稳定性下胫腓关节损伤需手术治疗,诸多固定方式中,皮质骨螺钉固定是目前公认的最有效的治疗方式;②高位腓骨骨折患者及术中Hook试验阳性患者,应使用下胫腓皮质骨螺钉固定;在下胫腓关节稳定性良好的前提下尽量少使用下胫腓皮质骨螺钉;下胫腓关节损伤合并外踝或内踝骨折、三角韧带完整的患者以及下胫腓关节撕脱骨折、韧带连续性良好的患者可不使用下胫腓皮质骨螺钉,仅需解剖复位骨折即可;③医生应重视踝关节扭伤患者,对其进行仔细的体格检查,选择合适的影像学辅助检查,使下胫腓关节损伤可以得到早期诊断和及时治疗,尽可能改善患者的预后,提高生活质量。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-9855-6394(陈洪均)

关键词: 下胫腓关节损伤, 皮质骨螺钉, 诊断, 治疗, 内固定

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Inferior tibiofibular joint is critical for sustaining the stability of ankle joint. However, misdiagnosis of inferior tibiofibular joint injury delays its diagnosis, thus resulting in sustained pain, traumatic arthritis, instability of ankle joint and other complications.

OBJECTIVE: To review the diagnosis and treatment of inferior tibiofibular joint injury and cortical screw fixation.
METHODS: A computer-based search of PubMed database was conducted for the articles published from January 1950 to December 2015 concerning the diagnosis and treatment of inferior tibiofibular joint injury and cortical screw fixation. The keywords were “syndesmosis injury, syndesmotic screw, evaluation, management”. About 100 articles were retrieved and finally 59 articles were eligible for the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Unstable inferior tibiofibular joint injury requires surgical fixation, and cortical screw fixation is widely considered as the optimal one. (2) Patients with high fibular fracture and positive for Hook test intraoperatively should be fixed with inferior tibiofibular cortical screws. If the inferior tibiofibular joint is in god stability, inferior tibiofibular cortical screws are not recommended. For inferior tibiofibular joint injury combined with lateral/medial malleolus fracture and complete deltoid ligament, inferior tibiofibular joint avulsion fracture, or complete ligaments, only anatomical reduction is needed. (3) Ankle injuries should obtain much attention, so careful clinical examination, and appropriate radiographs are needed to make early diagnosis and accurate treatment of inferior tibiofibular joint injury, in order to improve patient prognosis and quality of life.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Ankle Injuries, Bone Nails, Internal Fixators, Tissue Engineering

中图分类号: