中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (15): 2414-2420.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0736

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换过程中骨缺损的处理策略

梁浩东1,潘建科2,谢 辉1,黄和涛1,韩燕鸿1,林炯同1,刘 军2   

  1. 1广州中医药大学第二临床医学院,广东省广州市 510405;2广东省中医院骨科,广东省广州市 510120
  • 出版日期:2018-05-28 发布日期:2018-05-28
  • 通讯作者: 刘军,主任医师,教授,博士生导师,博士后合作导师,广州中医药大学第二附属医院(广东省中医院)骨科,广东省广州市 510120
  • 作者简介:梁浩东,男,广东省云浮市人,广州中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事中医药治疗骨关节疾病临床研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(81473698);教育部高等学校博士点科研基金项目(20124425110004);国家中医药管理局中医药标准化项目(SATCM-2015-BZ115,SATCM-2015-BZ173);广东省科技计划项目 (2011B031700027);广东省财政厅项目([2011]157号);广东省中医院中医药科学技术研究专项( YK2013B2N19,YN2015MS15)

Management of bone defects in total knee arthroplasty

Liang Hao-dong1, Pan Jian-ke2, Xie Hui1, Huang He-tao1, Han Yan-hong1, Lin Jiong-tong1, Liu Jun2   

  1. 1The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
  • Online:2018-05-28 Published:2018-05-28
  • Contact: Liu Jun, Chief physician, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Liang Hao-dong, Master candidate, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81473698; the Doctoral Fund of the Ministry of Education of China, No. 20124425110004; the Standardization Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, No. SATCM-2015-BZ115, SATCM-2015-BZ173; the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, No. 2011B031700027; the Project of Guangdong Provincial Department of Finance, No. [2011]157; the Science and Technology Research Project of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. YK2013B2N19, YN2015MS15.

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
文题释义:
全膝关节置换骨缺损AORI分型:Engh和Parks分类主要依据干骺端的缺损程度、修复及假体应用分为3型,也是目前最常用的AORI (Anderson Orthopaedic Research Institute)分型。Ⅰ型:骨缺损区周围皮质骨完整,关节线位置接近正常,无或仅有轻度假体沉降;Ⅱ型:骨缺损区周围皮质骨完整或部分缺失,通常呈现为干骺端的中心性或周围性骨结构缺失,而侧副韧带的股骨和胫骨止点均保持完整;Ⅲ型:骨缺损区周围皮质骨大量缺失,侧副韧带的止点消失,通常需要采用限制性假体进行翻修。
海鸥式截骨:髌骨骨缺损的处理方式主要包括聚乙烯联合钢丝髌骨表面置入、双凸面髌骨假体表面置换、骨移植、海鸥型截骨、钽金属置换等。目前对于髌骨骨缺损重建的方式仍存在着较大的争议,亦缺少相关的分型。海鸥式截骨是指通过对髌骨骨缺损仅剩的骨壳截骨修整,转变成为海鸥型(Ⅴ型)髌骨,维持髌骨活动轨迹处于股骨滑车中心位置。
 
摘要
背景:全膝关节置换过程中骨缺损是手术医师经常需要面对的重要挑战之一,合理的处理方法才可以保证修复手术的效果。
目的:分析关于全膝关节置换及全膝关节置换翻修骨缺损处理的文献资料,分析及总结不同类型骨缺损的最优处理策略。
方法:搜索 CNKI、万方、维普、PubMed、Medline、Web of Science 数据库,以“全膝关节置换,全膝关节置换翻修,骨缺损,骨丢失”、“total knee arthroplasty,total knee replacement,revision total knee arthroplasty,bone loss,bone defect,bone deficiency,management”等检索词检索,最后对所获得的文献中进行分析总结。
结果与结论:①共纳入62篇关于全膝关节置换骨缺损的文献,针对骨缺损分型尚无公认的标准,AORI分型的使用最为广泛;②术前的详细评估,包括实验室及影像学检查,以及准确的诊断是手术成功的关键;③胫骨、股骨骨缺损的处理策略相似,髌骨骨缺损的分型及处理尚无统一标准;④全膝关节置换翻修术中使用延长杆效果更优;⑤结果提示,通过详细的术前评估、正确的诊断以及合理的骨缺损分型,根据不同策略的特点和患者年龄、生活需求进行选择,可获得良好的修复效果。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-7612-3742(梁浩东)

关键词: 全膝关节置换, 翻修, 骨缺损, 处理策略, 人工假体, 骨科植入物, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Bone defects are one of the most important challenges that surgeons have to manage in total knee arthroplasty. The reasonable treatment method can guarantee the effect of the repair operation.

OBJECTIVE: To review the relevant literatures concerning bone defects treated by primary total knee arthroplasty and revision total knee arthroplasty, and to analyze the optimal managements for different types of bone defects.
METHODS: Relevant literatures were identified in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang data, Vip, PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science. The key words were “total knee arthroplasty, total knee replacement, revision total knee arthroplasty, bone loss, bone defect, bone deficiency, management”. The included studies were analyzed and summarized.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Sixty-two studies regarding total knee arthroplasty for bone defects were included, without recognized standards on the type of bone defects. AORI is the most widely used classification for bone defects. (2) Pre-operated detailed evaluation including laboratory and radiographic examination, and accurate diagnosis are the key to success. (3) Management of bone defect was similar in tibia and femur, but there is still no standard classification and management of patellar bone defect. (4) Using stem fixation whenever a femoral or tibial component is revised can improve clinical outcome. (5) Through detailed evaluation, accurate diagnose and appropriate classification of bone defect, selection, according to the characteristics of different strategies, the age of the patient and the needs of life, can get a good clinical result.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Bone Defect, Tissue engineering

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