中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (10): 1517-1522.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0709

• 组织工程口腔材料 tissue-engineered oral materials • 上一篇    下一篇

β-磷酸三钙复合成骨细胞特异性多肽植入拔牙窝位点保存牙槽骨

庄艳琴，陈慧敏，吴齐越，王泽华，吴明月
  

  1. 安徽医科大学口腔医学院，安徽医科大学附属口腔医院，安徽省口腔疾病研究中心实验室，安徽省合肥市  230032
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-20 出版日期:2018-04-08 发布日期:2018-04-08
  • 通讯作者: 吴明月，博士，副教授，副主任医师，硕士生导师，安徽医科大学口腔医学院，安徽医科大学附属口腔医院，安徽省口腔疾病研究中心实验室，安徽省合肥市 230032
  • 作者简介:庄艳琴，女，1989年生，安徽省阜阳市人，汉族，硕士，主要从事牙槽骨缺损与骨重建方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(81170993)

Implantation of beta-tricalcium phosphate combined with osteoblast-specific peptides for alveolar bone preservation in extraction sockets

Zhuang Yan-qin, Chen Hui-min, Wu Qi-yue, Wang Ze-hua, Wu Ming-yue
  

  1. College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2017-12-20 Online:2018-04-08 Published:2018-04-08
  • Contact: Wu Ming-yue, M.D., Associate professor, Associate chief physician, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Zhuang Yan-qin, Master, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81170993

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摘要：

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文题释义：
成骨细胞特异性多肽：是课题组前期研究成果：基于噬菌体展示技术，采用噬菌体随机肽库筛选方法，以人颅骨成骨细胞为阳性靶细胞，人牙龈成纤维细胞为阴性吸附细胞，对噬菌体展示十二肽库进行全细胞差减筛选获得的与人成骨细胞特异性结合的多肽结构(其氨基酸序列为VLAVPWSEPGYL)。体外细胞学实验证实该多肽在10-5 mol/L浓度能明显促进成骨细胞的增殖与矿化，体内研究亦证实其可显著促进兔颅骨缺损的修复再生。
β-磷酸三钙：为新型降解型生物陶瓷材料，具备良好的骨引导性、生物相容性、生物安全性、体内能完全降解吸收等，已被广泛应用于骨科、口腔科、眼科、组织工程等研究领域。
 
背景：课题组前期研究发现成骨细胞特异性多肽能促进兔颅骨缺损的修复再生，而β-磷酸三钙作为支架材料负载成骨细胞特异性多肽，二者不仅功能互补，且能充分发挥骨诱导及骨传导的双重效应。
目的：以β-磷酸三钙骨粉为支架负载成骨细胞特异性多肽，检测成骨细胞特异性多肽在兔下前牙拔牙位点保存实验中的作用及对牙槽骨重建的影响。
方法：将27只新西兰大白兔随机分成3组(n=9)，拔除右侧下颌中切牙，建立拔牙窝位点保存动物模型。实验组植入β-磷酸三钙骨粉/成骨细胞特异性多肽复合物，材料组植入单纯β-磷酸三钙骨粉，空白组不植入任何材料及药物，造模后4，8及12周每组各处死3只大白兔，制备组织标本，通过大体观察、组织形态学测量以及影像学测量评价拔牙窝愈合情况。
结果与结论：①影像学结果，造模后4，8及12周剩余牙槽骨的相对长度为：实验组>材料组>空白组，差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。锥形束CT可见：随着时间推移，造模后4及8周实验组和材料组材料逐渐降解，实验组新生骨量较材料组和空白组明显，12周时实验组拔牙窝基本完成重建，材料组及空白组仍有部分骨缺损；②组织形态学表明：造模后4周实验组见明显骨沉积线，骨小梁增宽；材料组及空白组新生骨较少。造模后8周实验组内可见少量未降解的支架材料，见成熟的板层状骨，材料组新生骨量增多，空白组成骨细胞明显。造模后12周实验组拔牙窝内骨改建基本完成，材料组仍可见少量支架材料，见致密板状新骨；空白组新生骨趋于成熟，见明显板层状结构；③结果表明，成骨细胞特异性多肽能够有效保存拔牙窝剩余牙槽骨长度，促进新骨形成，具有保存拔牙位点的作用。

关键词: 成骨细胞特异性多肽, β-磷酸三钙骨粉, 材料植入, 复合支架, 牙槽骨缺损, 组织重建, 位点保存, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Previous findings show that osteoblast-specific peptides can promote the repair and regeneration of skull defects in rabbits, and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is used as a scaffold to carry osteoblast-specific polypeptides. Both of them not only complement each other, but also fully exert dual effects of osteoinduction and bone conduction.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of osteoblast-specific peptide on the preservation of the anterior tooth extraction site in rabbits, and to study the effect on the alveolar bone remodeling.
METHODS: Twenty-seven New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (n=9 per group), and the right mandibular incisors were removed to establish the animal models of tooth extraction. β-TCP/osteoblast-specific peptide compounds were implanted in the experimental group, and pure β-TCP meal was implanted into the material group. The blank control group had no implantation. Three rabbits from each group were scarified at 4, 8 and 12 postoperative weeks, and tissue samples were prepared for gross observation, histomorphology measurements, and radiographic measurements of extraction socket healing.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Imaging results showed that the relative length of residual alveolar bone after modeling was ranked as follows: the experimental group > the material group > the blank control group, and the difference was statistically significant among groups
(P < 0.05). Cone-beam CT findings in the three groups changed as time went on. At 4 and 8 postoperative weeks, the implanted materials in the experimental and material groups gradually degraded; the bone mass in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the material and blank control groups. At 12 postoperative weeks, the experimental group had basically completed the reconstruction of tooth socket, but there were still some bone defects in the material and blank control groups. (2) Histomorphological findings showed that at 4 postoperative weeks, the experimental group exhibited obvious bone deposition lines, and the bone trabecula was widened; in the material and blank control groups, the new bone was less. At 8 postoperative weeks, a small amount of undegraded scaffold was found in the experimental group, with mature lamellar bone, the amount of new bone tissues in the material group increased and osteoblasts were obviously detected in the blank control group. At 12 postoperative weeks, the bone remodeling in the extraction socket of the experimental group was basically completed; in the material group, there were still a small amount of scaffold materials and dense plate-like new bone; and in the blank control group, the new bone tended to be mature, and there was obvious lamellar structure. To conclude, osteoblast-specific peptides can effectively preserve the length of the residual alveolar bone after tooth extraction, promote the formation of new bone, and have the function of preserving the tooth extraction site.

Key words: Implants, Experimental, Tooth Extraction, Tissue Scaffolds, Osteoblasts, Tissue Engineering

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