中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (3): 374-379.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0033

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨近端抗旋髓内钉置入治疗转子间骨折:改良与标准切口的比较

王海洲,刘 军,李希文,陈海云,潘建科,高世华   

  1. 广州中医药大学附属广东省中医院创伤骨科,广东省广州市 510120
  • 出版日期:2018-01-28 发布日期:2018-01-28
  • 通讯作者: 刘军,主任医师,教授,广州中医药大学第二附属医院(广东省中医院)骨科,广东省广州市 510120
  • 作者简介:王海洲,男,1979年生,广东省汕尾市人,汉族,副主任医师,主要从事股骨转子间骨折、关节损伤方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    广东省科技计划项目(2012B061700037);广东省中医院中医药科学技术研究专项(YK2013B2N19)

Efficacy of the modified incision versus standard incision in proximal femoral nail antirotation for femoral intertrochanteric fractures  

Wang Hai-zhou, Liu Jun, Li Xi-wen, Chen Hai-yun, Pan Jian-ke, Gao Shi-hua   

  1. Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
  • Online:2018-01-28 Published:2018-01-28
  • Contact: Liu Jun, Chief physician, Professor, Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Wang Hai-zhou, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province, No. 2012B061700037; the Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. YK2013B2N19

     

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
标准切口:是指股骨近端抗旋髓内钉官方操作手册中的标准切口方法。其操作要点:①通过触摸大转子顶点,从大转子顶点向近端切一长约5 cm纵行切口;②切开皮肤、皮下、深筋膜后,显露大转子顶点为进针点插入导针。该方法存在术口长度较长,手术时间较长,出血量较大,手术创伤较大等问题,仍有待骨科医师改进。
改良切口:与标准切口对比,其改良之处在于:①通过C型臂X射线机定位以及触摸的方法,确定股骨近端在大腿外侧的体表投影,此投影的纵向中心线即为髓内钉进钉方向;②在股骨近端纵向中心线上距离大转子顶点2.5 cm处起向近端取2 cm左右为手术切口;③切开皮肤、皮下、深筋膜后,用手指钝性分离肌肉,探明大转子顶点为进针点。该切口方法相对于标准切口具有手术切口较小,手术时间较短,出血量较少,输血量较少,手术损伤较小的优点。
 
摘要
背景:股骨近端抗旋髓内钉固定是治疗股骨转子间骨折最常用方法之一,因具有较大的隐性失血量,可能对患者内固定后功能恢复产生影响。
目的:比较股骨近端抗旋髓内钉置入过程中改良与标准切口治疗转子间骨折的不同。
方法:回顾性分析69例股骨转子间骨折患者资料,根据不同时间段采用的切口不同分为2组:①改良切口组:采用改良切口股骨近端抗旋髓内钉置入内固定;②标准切口组:采用标准切口股骨近端抗旋髓内钉置入内固定。比较两组患者内固定后生物力学稳定性、骨折愈合时间、内固定后并发症、末次随访Harris评分、以及近端切口长度、内固定过程操作时间和出血量等。

结果与结论:①两组患者随访时间均> 12个月,两组患者均获得骨折愈合,末次随访Harris评分和内固定后并发症发生率两组差异无显著性意义;②内固定过程中改良切口组出血量及总出血量均显著少于标准切口组,总输血量显著少于标准切口组(P均< 0.05);③改良切口组的近端切口长度显著小于标准切口组,操作时间显著短于标准切口组;④结果提示,两组患者采用股骨骨近端抗旋髓内钉置入内固定治疗后,生物力学结构均合理,稳定性也均较好;但与标准切口相比,改良切口创伤更小,内固定过程操作时间更短,出血量和输血量更少。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-5616-5187(王海洲)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 股骨近端抗旋髓内钉, 改良切口, 标准切口, 股骨转子间骨折, 手术创伤, 出血, 输血, 手术时间

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) is the most commonly used internal fixation for femoral intertrochanteric fracture. However, a large amount of hidden blood loss makes negative effect on the functional recovery postoperatively.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of the modified incision and standard incision in PFNA for femoral intertrochanteric fracture.
METHODS: Sixty-nine patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures were analyzed retrospectively, and were then divided into two groups, followed by treated with modified incision of PFNA (group A) or standard incision of PFNA (group B). The postoperative biomechanical stability, fracture healing time, complications, Harris scores at the last follow-up, proximal incision length, operation time, and blood loss were compared between two groups. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All the patients were followed up for more than 12 months. The fracture healing time, Harris scores at the last follow-up and incidence of postoperative complications did not differ significantly between two groups. (2) The intraoperative blood loss, total blood loss and total blood transfusion in the group A were significantly less than those in the group B (P < 0.05). (3) The proximal incision length and operation time in the group A were significantly shorter than those in the group B. (4) These results manifest that in the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fracture, both methods exhibit good biomechanical properties and stability. Notably, compared with the standard incision method, the modified incision method has less trauma, shorter operation time, less blood loss and blood transfusion.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Femoral Fractures, Bone Nails, Internal Fixators, Fracture Healing, Tissue Engineering  ,

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