中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (3): 343-349.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0028

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

同一患者双膝单间室骨关节炎单髁置换与全膝关节置换的对比

卢明峰1,李泽晖2,朱东平1,曹学伟2,牛 维2   

  1. 1广州中医药大学第二临床医学院,广东省广州市 510403;2广东省中医院骨三科,广东省广州市 510120
  • 出版日期:2018-01-28 发布日期:2018-01-28
  • 通讯作者: 曹学伟,主任医师,广东省中医院骨三科,广东省广州市 510120
  • 作者简介:卢明峰,男,1991年生,江西省赣州市人,汉族,广州中医药大学第二临床医学院在读硕士,主要从事关节与运动医学疾病的临床研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(81473700);广东省科技厅(2014KT1508);广东省朝阳人才(2014KT1479);广东省中医药管理局(2017KT1117)

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty versus total knee arthroplasty in the same patient with bilateral unicompartment knee osteoarthritis  

Lu Ming-feng1, Li Ze-hui2, Zhu Dong-ping1, Cao Xue-wei2, Niu Wei2   

  1. 1Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510403, Guangdong Province, China; 2Third Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
  • Online:2018-01-28 Published:2018-01-28
  • Contact: Cao Xue-wei, Chief physician, Third Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Lu Ming-feng, Studying for master’s degree, Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510403, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:

     the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81473700; the Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology, No. 2014KT1508; the Chaoyang Talents of Guangdong province, No. 2014KT1479; the Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau of Guangdong Province, No. 2017KT1117

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
 
文题释义:
膝关节单髁置换:指仅对膝关节早期单间室骨关节炎进行单侧病变间室表面置换,用以替代膝关节胫股关节破坏的软骨表面。具有失血少、创伤小、恢复快、最大限度保留骨量、费用低、并发症少和患者满意度高等优点。
膝单间室骨关节炎:膝关节炎是一种以关节软骨变性和丢失及关节边缘和软骨下骨骨质再生后为特征的慢性关节炎疾病。临床表现为多以疼痛、膝关节畸形为主,好发于中老年人,疾病是以慢性、进展性、退行性为特征的关节无菌性炎症,致病因素主要是膝关节机械应力分布失衡,导致负荷过度引起软骨磨损退变,病变可累计单间室和多间室,早期以单间室病变为主,内侧间室更为多见的疾病。
 
摘要
背景:单髁置换术虽然具有失血少、创伤小、恢复快、最大限度保留骨量、并发症少和患者满意度高等优点,但目前仍旧未被广大骨科医生所接受。
目的:通过配对比较,探讨同一患者双膝单间室骨关节炎同期或分期行单髁假体与全膝假体置换的临床效果及影像学变化。
方法:选择同一患者双膝单间室骨关节炎同期或者分期行单髁置换和全膝关节置换的患者38例作为研究对象。全部病例手术均由同一主刀医师完成,其中双膝同期置换10例,分期置换28例。分别收集单髁置换和全膝关节置换患者的临床资料,包括手术前后美国膝关节协会评分(KSS)、膝关节活动度、下肢力线变化及术后并发症等,双侧膝关节进行配对资料t检验对比。
结果与结论:①所有患者术后随访3-36个月,所有病例双膝均未发生无菌性假体松动、不明原因疼痛等并发症;②单髁置换膝与全膝置换膝KSS评分均比术前明显升高,术前、末次随访单髁置换膝和全膝关节置换膝KSS评分相比差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③术后末次随访时单髁置换膝较全膝关节置换膝具有更大的活动度(P < 0.05);④两种手术方案下肢力线均得到矫正,术前术后单髁置换膝和全膝关节置换膝胫股角和髋膝踝角相比,差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑤20例患者偏爱单髁置换,18例患者偏爱全膝关节置换,大部分患者对于置换术后双膝感觉满意或者非常满意;⑥同期与分期行单髁和全膝置换的患者术后末次随访时KSS评分、膝关节活动度、髋膝踝角、胫股角相比,差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑦综上,对于膝关节单间室骨关节炎患者,单髁置换和全膝关节置换均可以矫正下肢力线,且效果相当;但单髁置换相比全膝关节置换具有更明显的优势,创伤较小,患者术后满意率高,有利于患者术后的恢复,应优先考虑选择;值得注意的是,分期或同期手术对术后疗效并无明确影响。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-9616-4071(卢明峰)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 单髁置换, 全膝关节置换, 膝骨关节炎, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

 BACKGROUND: In the treatment of unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has the advantages of less blood loss, less trauma, quick recovery, maximum retention of bone mass, low cost, few complications and high patient satisfaction. However, it has not been extensively accepted by orthopedic surgeons.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effect and imaging changes of UKA versus total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the same patient with bilateral unicompartment knee osteoarthritis.
METHODS: A total of 38 patients with bilateral unicompartment knee osteoarthritis undergoing UKA and TKA were selected, and all the cases were performed by the same surgeon. Among them, 10 cases were replaced at the same time, and 28 cases were in staging surgery. The clinical data of the patients were collected, including the preoperative and postoperative Knee Society Score sores, the range of motion of the knee, and limb alignment, and postoperative complications. Comparison between bilateral knee joints was conducted by paired t test.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients were followed up for 3-36 months, and no aseptic prosthesis loosening, unexplained pain or other complications occurred. (2) The postoperative Knee Society Score sores in UKA and TKA were significantly higher than those before surgery, and the scores did not differ significantly between UKA and TKA at each time point (P > 0.05). (3) The range of motion of the knee in the UKA group was significantly larger than that in the TKA group at the last follow-up postoperatively (P < 0.05). (4) The limb alignment was improved in both groups, which showed no significant difference at different time points (P > 0.05). (5) Totally 20 patients felt preference for UKA, 18 patients preferred TKA, and most patients were satisfied with the surgical efficacy. (6)There were no significant differences in the Knee Society Score, range of motion of the knee, hip-knee-ankle angle and femorotibial angle at the last follow-up between staging and same time arthroplasties. (7)These findings imply that for patients with bilateral unicompartment knee osteoarthritis, both UKA and TKA can correct the lower limb force line, correct the limb alignment similarly, but UKA holds advantages in less trauma, high patient’s satisfaction, and good functional recovery, so it should be selected firstly. Notably, staging or same time surgery makes no effect on the clinical effectiveness. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Osteoartheitis, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Tissue Engineering

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