中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (31): 4651-4657.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.31.013

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

外固定支架修复胫骨平台骨折的生物力学特点

尚红涛1,王 泉1,刘 斌1,刘 伟2   

  1. 1哈励逊国际和平医院骨科,河北省衡水市 053000;2河北大学附属医院骨科,河北省保定市   071000
  • 修回日期:2016-05-15 出版日期:2016-07-22 发布日期:2016-07-22
  • 作者简介:尚红涛,男,1978年生,河北省衡水市人,汉族,2003年河北医科大学毕业,主治医师,主要从事骨科创伤研究。

Biomechanical characteristics of external fixation for tibial plateau fractures

Shang Hong-tao1, Wang Quan1, Liu Bin1, Liu Wei2   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui 053000, Hebei Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
  • Revised:2016-05-15 Online:2016-07-22 Published:2016-07-22
  • About author:Shang Hong-tao, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui 053000, Hebei Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

 

文题释义:
胫骨平台骨折:由于胫骨平台骨折是典型的关节内骨折,其处理与预后将对膝关节功能产生很大的影响。同时,胫骨平台骨折常常伴有关节软骨、膝关节韧带或半月板的损伤,遗漏诊断和处理不当都可能造成膝关节畸形、力线或稳定问题,导致关节功能的障碍。
多轴锁定接骨板:对于不同的胫骨平台骨折类型应选择不同的内固定方式,因为锁定接骨板中锁定螺钉的置入方向不能进行调整,近年来出现了多轴锁定接骨板,多轴锁定接骨板可以根据骨折线调整置入方向,具有比较好的稳定性和固定强度,在临床中的治疗效果比较好,但目前尚没有被广泛应用。
 
摘要
背景:目前有关胫骨平台骨折不同内固定方式的三维有限元模型研究较多,但是关于胫骨平台骨折外固定支架的三维有限元模型的少见报道。
目的:采用三维有限元法分析外固定支架修复胫骨平台骨折的生物力学特点。
方法:建立胫骨平台骨折锁定钢板固定模型和胫骨平台骨折外固定支架固定模型,采用三维有限元法分析胫骨平台骨折两种固定模型的应力分布以及位移情况。
结果与结论:①胫骨平台骨折外固定支架固定模型组的平均位移值及最大位移值均小于胫骨平台骨折锁定钢板固定模型组,但差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②胫骨平台骨折外固定支架固定模型组的X轴向位移值、Y轴向位移值均小于胫骨平台骨折锁定钢板固定模型组,但差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③胫骨平台骨折锁定钢板固定的应力主要集中在螺钉和骨组织的交界处以及钢板和螺钉的交界处,最大应力值为173 MPa,明显大于胫骨平台骨折外固定支架固定模型的最大应力值86 MPa。胫骨平台骨折外固定支架固定的应力分布分散,未出现明显的应力集中情况,其中克氏钉夹具和克氏钉交界处、连接杆和螺钉的交界处的应力较其他部位的应力高,为临床上的力学薄弱环节;④结果表明,外固定支架固定胫骨平台骨折相对内固定而言,同样具有相似的稳定性和固定强度。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID:
0000-0001-9640-6993(尚红涛)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 数字化骨科, 胫骨平台骨折, 外固定支架, 锁定钢板, 有限元分析, 生物力学

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Scholars have studied the three-dimensional finite element models of tibial plateau fractures with different fixation methods, but the research on three-dimensional finite element model of tibial plateau fracture fixation was not much.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the biomechanical characteristics of external fixator for tibial plateau fracture by using the three-dimensional finite element method.
METHODS: The tibial plateau fracture models treated with locking plate fixation and external fixator were established. Three-dimensional finite element analysis was used to analyze the stress distribution and displacement of two kinds of models.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The average displacement value and the maximum displacement value of tibial plateau fracture external fixator model group were smaller than that of tibial plateau fracture locking plate fixation model group, but no significant difference was found (P > 0.05). (2) X axial displacement value and Y axial displacement value were smaller in the tibial plateau fracture external fixator model group than in the tibial plateau fracture locking plate fixation model group, but no significant difference was found (P > 0.05). (3) The stress of tibial plateau fracture locking plate fixation model focused on the junction of the screw and bone tissue as well as the junction of plates and screws. The maximum stress value of tibial plateau fracture locking plate fixation model (173 MPa) was greater than that of tibial plateau fracture external fixator model (86 MPa). The stress of tibial plateau fracture external fixator model was scattered. Obvious stress concentration did not occur. The stress at the junction of the clamp and the nail and the junction of the connecting rod and screw was higher than that at other regions, and was a weak link in the clinical mechanics. (4) Results showed that external fixation for tibial plateau fractures had better stability and fixing strength as compared with the internal fixation.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Tibia, Fractures, Bone, External Fixators, Finite Element Analysis, Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering

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