中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (31): 4644-4650.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.31.012

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

防旋股骨近端髓内钉Ⅱ和亚洲股骨髓内钉内固定修复老年股骨转子下骨折的生物力学分析

王连净1,曾宪铁2   

  1. 1天津市第四医院骨科,天津市 300222;2天津医院骨科,天津市 300211
  • 出版日期:2016-07-22 发布日期:2016-07-22
  • 作者简介:王连净,男,1979年生,汉族,2003年天津医科大学毕业,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事骨科常见病研究。

Biomechanical analysis of proximal femoral nail antirotation-II and Asia 2 femur nail fixation for femoral subtrochanteric fractures in the elderly

Wang Lian-jing1, Zeng Xian-tie2   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Fourth Hospital, Tianjin 300222, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
  • Online:2016-07-22 Published:2016-07-22
  • About author:Wang Lian-jing, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Fourth Hospital, Tianjin 300222, China

摘要:

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文题释义:
股骨转子下骨折:自股骨小转子至股骨干中段与近端交界处——即骨髓腔最狭窄处之间的骨折。由于股骨转子下生理应力的分布特点,手术治疗有较高的骨折不愈合及内固定物失用率。股骨转子下骨折的治疗目的是要矫正股骨干的内收、短缩、外旋及股骨头颈外展及后倾、外旋,恢复髋关节内收肌的张力,从而恢复肢体功能。
防旋股骨近端髓内钉(PFNA):是一种专门为老年患者设计的髓内钉,骨折的愈合率比较高,再次手术率降低,但其是针对欧美人设计的,对于亚洲人不太适合。PFNA-Ⅱ是针对亚洲人设计的,对国内股骨转子下骨折的修复效果比较满意。
 
摘要
背景:关于老年股骨转子下骨折不同内固定方式的生物力学研究比较多,但关于比较防旋股骨近端髓内钉(Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation,PFNA)-Ⅱ和亚洲股骨髓内钉固定老年股骨转子下骨折的研究不多。
目的:探讨两种髓内钉PFNA-Ⅱ和亚洲股骨髓内钉固定老年股骨转子下骨折的生物力学特点。
方法:建立PFNA-Ⅱ和亚洲股骨髓内钉固定股骨转子下骨折的三维有限元模型,三维有限元法分析股骨转子下骨折PFNA-Ⅱ固定和亚洲股骨髓内钉固定的应力分布和位移情况。
结果与结论:①PFNA-Ⅱ髓内固定系统的整体最大应力、主钉最大应力和髋螺钉或螺旋刀片最大应力值均高于亚洲股骨髓内钉髓内固定系统,PFNA-Ⅱ髓内固定系统的远端锁钉最大应力值和股骨头表面最大应力值低于亚洲股骨髓内钉髓内固定系统;②PFNA-Ⅱ髓内固定系统的最大位移主要集中在大转子部和股骨头下极,亚洲股骨髓内钉髓内固定系统的最大位移主要集中在大转子部,PFNA-Ⅱ髓内固定系统的最大位移高于亚洲股骨髓内钉髓内固定系统的最大位移;PFNA-Ⅱ髓内固定系统的最大轴向分位移高于亚洲股骨髓内钉髓内固定系统;PFNA-Ⅱ髓内固定系统的最大矢状面分位移高于亚洲股骨髓内钉髓内固定系统的最大矢状面分位移;PFNA-Ⅱ髓内固定系统的最大冠状面分位移高于亚洲股骨髓内钉髓内固定系统的最大冠状面分位移;③PFNA-Ⅱ髓内固定系统的外侧裂隙、前方裂隙和后方裂隙均高于亚洲股骨髓内钉髓内固定系统的外侧裂隙、前方裂隙和后方裂隙,但差别不太明显;④PFNA-Ⅱ髓内固定系统的骨折断面最大应力值低于亚洲股骨髓内钉髓内固定系统的的骨折断面最大应力值;⑤结果表明,与PFNA-Ⅱ髓内固定系统相比,亚洲股骨髓内钉固定股骨转子下骨折具有更好的生物力学稳定性。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID:
0000-0001-6099-6346(王连净)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 数字化骨科, 老年, 股骨转子下骨折, 内固定, 髓内钉, PFNA-Ⅱ, 亚洲股骨髓内钉, 三维有限元, 生物力学

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Biomechanical studies on elderly subtrochanteric fracture by different fixation ways were more, but study on relatively proximal femoral nail antirotation-II (PFNA) and Asia 2 femur nail (A2FN) fixation for femoral subtrochanteric fractures in the elderly was less.

OBJECTIVE: To study the biomechanical analysis of intramedullary nail PFNA-II and A2FN fixation for elderly femoral subtrochanteric fractures.
METHODS: Three-dimensional finite element models of femoral subtrochanteric fractures fixed by PFNA-II and A2FN in the elderly were established. Three-dimensional finite element analysis was used to analyze stress distribution and displacement after femoral subtrochanteric fractures by PFNA-II and A2FN fixation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The overall maximum stress, nail maximum stress and hip screw or spiral blade maximum stress values of PFNA-II intramedullary fixation system were higher than that of A2FN intramedullary fixation system. The distal locking maximum stress value and femoral head surface maximum stress values of PFNA-II intramedullary fixation system were lower than that of A2FN intramedullary fixation system. (2) The maximum displacement of PFNA-II intramedullary fixation system was mainly concentrated in the large trochanter and femoral head pole. The maximum displacement of A2FN intramedullary fixation system was mainly concentrated in the large trochanter. The maximum displacement of PFNA-II intramedullary fixation system was higher than that of A2FN intramedullary fixation system. The maximum axial displacement of PFNA-II intramedullary fixation system was higher than that of A2FN intramedullary fixation system. The maximum sagittal displacement of PFNA-II intramedullary fixation system was higher than that of A2FN intramedullary fixation system. The maximum coronal displacement of PFNA-II intramedullary fixation system was higher than that of A2FN intramedullary fixation system. (3) The lateral fissure, front fissure and rear fissure of PFNA-II intramedullary fixation system were higher than that of A2FN intramedullary fracture fixation system, but the difference was less pronounced. (4) The maximum stress value on fracture section of PFNA-II intramedullary fracture fixation system was lower than that of A2FN intramedullary fixation system. (5) Results showed that A2FN intramedullary fixation system for intertrochanteric fractures has better biomechanical stability than PFNA-II intramedullary fixation system for intertrochanteric fractures. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Femoral Fractures, Internal Fixators, Finite Element Analysis, Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering

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