中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (9): 1242-1246.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.09.004

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定修复单节段胸腰椎骨折:活动度改善12个月随访

张 强,李瑞龙,杨刘柱,李赵扉,罗 谨,粟 谋,梁大弟   

  1. 贺州市人民医院脊柱骨关节外科,广西壮族自治区贺州市 542899
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-19 出版日期:2016-02-19 发布日期:2016-02-19
  • 通讯作者: 杨刘柱,硕士,医师,贺州市人民医院脊柱骨关节外科,广西壮族自治区贺州市 542899
  • 作者简介:张强,男,1964年生,广西壮族自治区贺州市人,2007年桂林医学院毕业,副主任医师,主任,主要从事脊柱脊髓损伤、股骨头坏死方面的研究。

Percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation repairs single segment of thoracolumbar fracture: activity improvement during 12 months of follow-up

Zhang Qiang, Li Rui-long, Yang Liu-zhu, Li Zhao-fei, Luo Jin, Su Mou, Liang Da-di   

  1. Department of Spinal Joint Surgery, Hezhou City Pepole’s Hospital, Hezhou 542899, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2015-12-19 Online:2016-02-19 Published:2016-02-19
  • Contact: Yang Liu-zhu, Master, Physician, Department of Spinal Joint Surgery, Hezhou City Pepole’s Hospital, Hezhou 542899, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Zhang Qiang, Associate chief physician, Department of Spinal Joint Surgery, Hezhou City Pepole’s Hospital, Hezhou 542899, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:

胸腰段骨折:胸腰段是指T11-L2节段,是胸椎与腰椎之间的连接部分,目前将其视为“胸腰关节”,由于其解剖的特殊性,容易由传导暴力造成损伤,从而更容易导致椎体骨折。随着医学技术的发展,胸腰段骨折的治疗技术也在不断进步,如对于中老年椎体压缩性骨折的患者可以选择经皮椎体成形、经皮椎体后凸成形、开放性椎弓根螺钉内固定或经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定。
经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定系统:具有牢固的三维固定效果、良好的生物力学稳定性,骨折复位效果好,使患者能够早期恢复、减少住院时间等优势,目前被广泛用于临床治疗胸腰段骨折。先前的许多研究已经发现经皮椎弓根螺钉修复胸腰段骨折的效果与开放性椎弓根螺钉内固定效果相当,但是前者具有出血少,住院时间短、并发症较少等特点。

 

背景:研究表明经皮椎弓根螺钉置入内固定修复单节段胸腰段脊柱骨折可以克服四边形效应,获得更好的生物力学性能,同时可提供三点固定,降低悬挂效应,减少后凸的形成。
目的:观察经皮椎弓根螺钉置入内固定修复单节段胸腰段脊柱骨折的临床疗效及并发症发生率。
方法:收集经皮椎弓根螺钉置入内固定修复单节段胸腰段骨折的患者36例,共36个治疗椎体:T11=5,T12=8,L1=17,L2=6。对比观察治疗前及治疗后3,6,12个月的目测类比评分,治疗前及治疗后1周、12个月的Oswestry功能障碍指数,治疗前及治疗后1 d、治疗后12月的Cobb角,并记录并发症发生率。

结果与结论:治疗后3,6,12个月的目测类比评分显著低于治疗前(P < 0.001);治疗后1周、12个月的Oswestry功能障碍指数显著低于治疗前(P < 0.001);治疗后1 d及12个月Cobb角显著小于治疗前(P < 0.001)。仅3例(8%)患者出现并发症,包括椎弓根螺钉穿透椎弓根进入椎管、椎弓根螺钉松动及穿刺部位感染。提示经皮椎弓根螺钉置入内固定修复单节段胸腰段脊柱骨折可矫正后凸畸形,改善胸腰段活动度,快速缓解患者腰背部疼痛,且并发症发生率低。 

ORCID: 0000-0003-2866-3896 (杨刘柱)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定, 微创脊柱外科, 胸腰段骨折, 并发症

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation in repair of single segment of thoracolumbar fracture can overcome quadrilateral effect, get better biomechanical properties, meanwhile, it also can provide three-point fixation, reduce suspension effect, and reduce the formation of kyphosis.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy and incidence of complications of the percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation for treatment of single segment thoracolumbar fractures.
METHODS: Totally 36 patients with single segment thoracolumbar fractures treated by percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation were enrolled. A total of 36 vertebral bodies were treated: T11=5, T12=8, L1=17, L2=6. The visual analog scale scores before treatment and at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment, the Oswestry disability indexes before treatment, at the first week and at the 12th month after treatment, the Cobb angle before treatment, the first day and at the 12th month after treatment were compared and observed. The incidence of complications was recorded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The visual analog scale scores at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment was significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.001). The Oswestry disability indexes before treatment, at the first week and at the 12th month after treatment were significantly lower those that before treatment (P < 0.001).The Cobb angle before treatment, at the first day and at the 12th month after treatment was significantly smaller than that before treatment (P < 0.001). Only three (8%) patients had complications, including pedicle screw penetrating pedicle into the spinal canal, pedicle screws loosing and the infection in puncture site. These results suggest that percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation for treatment of single segment thoracolumbar fractures can correct kyphosis, improve the thoracolumbar motion, quickly relieve patient’s back pain, and the incidence of complications is low.