中国组织工程研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (17): 2735-2740.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.17.020

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

螺钉置入内固定修复后踝骨折的适应证

程 渊,高仕长,倪卫东,梁安霖   

  1. 重庆医科大学附属第一医院,重庆市 400016
  • 出版日期:2015-04-23 发布日期:2015-04-23
  • 通讯作者: 高仕长,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,重庆医科大学附属第一医院骨科,重庆市 400016
  • 作者简介:程渊,男,1986年生,重庆市人,汉族,重庆医科大学毕业,硕士,主要从事骨科创伤研究。

Indications for screw fixation of posterior malleolas fractures  

Cheng Yuan, Gao Shi-chang, Ni Wei-dong, Liang An-lin   

  1. The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
  • Online:2015-04-23 Published:2015-04-23
  • Contact: Gao Shi-chang, M.D., Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
  • About author:Cheng Yuan, Master, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China

摘要:

背景:累及到后踝的踝关节骨折多存在踝关节不稳定,若不恢复踝关节的稳定性,则后期容易出现创伤性踝关节炎。然而目前后踝骨折内固定的指征仍存争议。

 

目的:通过比较踝关节骨折中后踝骨折内固定与否的临床疗效差异,探讨后踝骨折切开复位内固定的适应证。

 

方法:重庆医科大学附属第一医院在2007年1月至2012年1月共收治42例累及后踝的踝关节骨折患者,将治疗前踝关节CT检查中后踝骨折块累及胫骨远端关节面大于10%,或/和移位大于2 mm的27例患者行后踝切开复位螺钉置入内固定治疗(后踝内固定组),将后踝骨折块累及胫骨远端关节面小于10%且移位小于 2 mm的15例患者的后踝行非手术治疗(后踝非内固定组)。治疗后随访两组骨折愈合时间、治疗后并发症及美国足踝外科协会踝与后足评分并进行比较。

 

结果与结论:42例患者的踝关节骨折均在随访6个月内获得骨性愈合。后踝内固定组中1例患者于治疗后出现踝关节内外侧伤口浅表感染,经抗感染治疗后伤口完全愈合。另外在两组中分别有1例患者治疗后出现伤口皮缘浅表坏死,经换药后伤口愈合。其余患者在随访中无伤口感染、内固定松动、断裂、失效等不良事件发生。根据美国足踝外科协会踝与后足评分标准对治疗后1年踝关节功能进行评价,后踝内固定组为(83.74±10.35)分,其中优10例,良12例,可5例,差0例,优良率为82%;后踝非内固定组为(85.60±10.40)分,其中优7例,良5例,可3例,差0例,优良率为80%,两组踝关节功能评分比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。提示可将后踝骨折块累及胫骨远端关节面大于10%,或/和移位大于2 mm作为踝关节骨折中后踝内固定的适应证。

 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


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关键词: 植入物, 骨植入物, 踝关节骨折, 后踝骨折, 内固定, 适应证, 螺钉, 胫骨远端关节面, 解剖复位, 随访研究

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Posterior malleolar fractures are often accompanied by ankle joint instability, if the stability of ankle joint is not recovered, it is prone to traumatic arthritis of the ankle. However, the indications of internal fixation of posterior malleolar fractures remain controversial.<

OBJECTIVE: To explore the indications for internal fixation of posterior malleolar fractures by comparing the clinical effects of posterior malleolar fractures treated with internal fixation or not.
METHODS: 42 patients with malleolar fractures involving posterior ankle were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2007 to January 2012. According to preoperative CT scans of ankle joint, 42 cases were divided into the internal fixation group and the non-fixation group. 27 cases in the fixation group had posterior malleolar fractures in more than 10% of the distal tibial articular surface and/or dislocation of the posterior malleolar fractures greater than 2 mm, and were treated with screws. 15 cases in the non-fixation group had posterior malleolar fractures in less than 10% of the distal tibial articular surface and dislocation of the posterior malleolar fractures less than 2 mm, and were treated with non-operation. The average healing time of posterior malleolar fractures, postoperative complications, ankle-hindfoot scores of American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society were compared during the follow-up postoperatively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All of 42 patients with ankle fractures achieved bony union within 6 months. In the fixation group, 1 case had postoperative superficial infection of the wounds in the medial ankle and lateral ankle, and the wound got healed completely with anti-infection therapy. One case in each group had postoperative superficial necrosis in the incisional edges, and got healed by dress changing. For the other cases, there was no wound infection, internal fixation loosening, breakage or failure and other adverse events during the follow-ups. Ankle functions were evaluated one year after operations according to the ankle-hindfoot score standard of American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society. The score of the fixation group was (83.74±10.35) points, with excellent ankle functions in 10 cases, good in 12 cases, fair in 5 cases, and no poor case, and the rate of patients achieving excellent and good ankle functions reached 82%; the score of non-fixation group was (85.60±10.40) points, with excellent ankle functions in 7 cases, good in 5 cases, fair in 3 cases and no poor case. The rate of patients achieving excellent and good ankle functions reached 80%. The ankle function evaluation results of both groups showed no statistical difference (P > 0.05). It is reasonable to consider “posterior malleolar fractures is higher than 10% of the distal tibial articular surface and/or dislocation of the posterior malleolar fractures greater than 2 mm” as the indications for internal fixation of posterior malleolar fractures.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


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Key words:  Ankle Joint, Fractures, Bone, Internal Fixators, Bone Nails

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