中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (15): 2416-2422.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3819

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

髋臼四方区骨折:植入物治疗及相关研究进展

杨又玮,冯  卫   

  1. 内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院创伤Ⅲ科,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市   010030
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-10 修回日期:2020-07-11 接受日期:2020-08-15 出版日期:2021-05-28 发布日期:2021-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 冯卫,医学博士,教授,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院创伤Ⅲ科,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010030
  • 作者简介:杨又玮,男,1993年生,内蒙古自治区通辽市人,蒙古族,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院在读硕士,主要从事骨盆髋臼损伤的治疗策略研究。

Quadrilateral plate fractures: research progress of implant treatment

Yang Youwei, Feng Wei    

  1. Department of Trauma III, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, China
  • Received:2020-07-10 Revised:2020-07-11 Accepted:2020-08-15 Online:2021-05-28 Published:2021-01-15
  • Contact: Feng Wei, MD, Professor, Department of Trauma III, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, China
  • About author:Yang Youwei, Master candidate, Department of Trauma III, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, China

摘要:

文题释义:
髋臼四方区:上界为弓状线,下界为坐骨垂直体底部坐骨结节上缘,前界为闭孔后缘,后界为坐骨大切迹。四方区是髋臼的最内侧壁,同时也是髋臼的重要组成部分,其前侧与骨盆的前柱毗邻,后侧即为坐骨体,与髋臼内侧壁形成坐骨大切迹,形成了髋臼的大部分关节面。四方区有防止股骨头后移进入骨盆的作用。髋臼窝顶部是髋臼的主要负重区,四方区顶部是负重区的组成部分,四方区内壁维持股骨头与主要负重区的接触。

背景:医学界对髋臼四方区骨折的植入物治疗一直存在争论,也是近年来髋臼骨折治疗的热点。
目的:综述近年国内外针对髋臼四方区骨折的植入物内固定治疗及相关研究进展。
方法:以“quadrilateral plate、quadrilateral surface、quadrilateral area”及“四方区、 方形区、 四边体”为检索词,应用计算机在CNKI及PubMed数据库检索2000年1月至2019年7月发表的相关文献共84篇,根据入选标准及排除标准摘选63篇进行文献综述。
结果与结论:虽然四方区骨折的植入物治疗方式较多且各具不同的优势与局限,实际选择时还需临床医师的综合考量,灵活把握适应证,选择更适合的手术技术及植入物,以达到最佳治疗效果。更加系统的涉及四方区骨折分型方法将对临床医师优质术前规划起到增益作用,也能为内固定植入物选择提供指导。目前的生物力学分析仍不具系统性,无法进行更加精细的比较,无法做出更近一步的分析,但相关的研究结果表明,目前主流的如前柱重建钢板结合四方区螺钉内固定等方式均为可靠的植入物固定方式。许多新型的技术在涉及四方区的髋臼骨折中开始崭露头角,更小的术中损伤、更短的手术时间、更精确的术中辅助系统将成为该类手术的趋势。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1968-2331 (杨又玮) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 植入物, 髋臼, 四方区骨折, 骨折分型, 内固定, 手术技术, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a consistent debate in the medical community about the implant treatment of quadrilateral plate fractures, and it is also a hot spot in the treatment of acetabular fractures in recent years.
OBJECTIVE: To review the progress of implant treatment and related research on quadrilateral plate fracture at home and abroad in recent years.
METHODS: Using “quadrilateral plate, quadrilateral surface, quadrilateral area” as Chinese and English retrieval words, 84 related articles were searched in CNKI and PubMed databases from January 2000 to July 2019. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 64 were selected for literature review.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There are many implants for the treatment of quadrilateral plate fractures and each has different advantages and disadvantages. The actual choice requires the comprehensive consideration of clinicians, flexible grasp of indications, and the selection of more suitable surgical techniques and implants in order to achieve the best therapeutic effect. More systematic methods involving tetragonal fracture classification will play a positive role in the clinician’s high-quality preoperative planning, and can also provide guidance for the selection of internal fixation implants. The biomechanical analysis is still not systematic, and it cannot be compared more carefully and cannot be further analyzed. However, the relevant research results show that the mainstream methods such as anterior column reconstruction plate and square screw fixation are reliable methods of implant fixation. Many new technologies have begun to emerge in acetabular fractures involving the quadrilateral region. Smaller intraoperative injuries, shorter operation time and more accurate intraoperative auxiliary system will become the trend of such operations.

Key words: bone, implant, acetabulum, quadrilateral fracture, fracture classification, internal fixation, surgical techniques, review

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