中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (12): 1820-1825.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3770

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

3D打印辅助全髋关节置换个体化治疗成人发育性髋关节发育不良

张念军1,2,刘效仿2,周观明2,苏  瑶3,洪  石2   

  1. 1广州中医药大学,广东省广州市   510006;2广州中医药大学附属佛山中医院骨科,广东省佛山市   528000;3临沂市中心血站,山东省临沂市   276002
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-06 修回日期:2020-05-12 接受日期:2020-06-09 出版日期:2021-04-28 发布日期:2020-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 刘效仿,硕士,主任医师,广州中医药大学附属佛山中医院骨科,广东省佛山市 528000 周观明,主任医师,广州中医药大学附属佛山中医院骨科,广东省佛山市 528000
  • 作者简介:张念军,男,1986年生,山东省日照市人,汉族,广州中医药大学在读博士,主治中医师,主要从事关节骨科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省科技计划项目(2017B090904002),项目负责人:刘效仿;佛山市科学技术局科技创新项目(2017AG100041),项目负责人:刘效仿

Three-dimensional-printing assisted total hip arthroplasty for individualized treatment of adult developmental dysplasia of the hip

Zhang Nianjun1, 2, Liu Xiaofang2, Zhou Guanming2, Su Yao3, Hong Shi2   

  1. 1Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Foshan Hospital of TCM Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China; 3Linyi Central Blood Station, Linyi 276002, Shandong Province, China 
  • Received:2020-05-06 Revised:2020-05-12 Accepted:2020-06-09 Online:2021-04-28 Published:2020-12-25
  • Contact: Liu Xiaofang, Master, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Foshan Hospital of TCM Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China Co-corresponding author: Zhou Guanming, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Foshan Hospital of TCM Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Nianjun, Doctoral candidate, Attending TCM physician, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Orthopedics, Foshan Hospital of TCM Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province, No. 2017B090904002 (to LXF); the Project of Scientific Innovation from Science and Technology Bureau of Foshan, No. 2017AG100041 (to LXF)

摘要:

文题释义:
发育性髋关节发育不良:是指髋关节结构的发育异常,解剖学上出现髋臼与股骨头的匹配欠佳,导致关节处于半脱位或者完全脱位的病理状态。晚期发育性髋关节发育不良患者会出现严重髋关节骨性关节炎,全髋关节置换治疗是发育性髋关节发育不良的首先措施。但因发育性髋关节发育不良患者髋关节解剖结构发育畸形,使全髋关节置换仍面临众多困难。
3D打印技术:是精准的快速成型技术,以数字模型为模板,使用黏合材料,通过逐层堆叠累积的方式制造出三维实体,包括解剖模型、导航导板、假体、内植物等,广泛应用于骨科临床治疗。
中心边缘角:即CE角,股骨头中心垂线和中心与髋臼外上缘连线夹角,成人25°以上正常,20°以下提示发育性髋臼发育不良。

背景:全髋关节置换是治疗中晚期发育性髋关节发育不良最有效的方法,发育性髋关节发育不良患者髋关节解剖结构发育畸形,髋臼重建是手术的难点。目前临床上使用3D打印技术重建骨盆模型,指导术前规划,但对于磨锉的方向及深度未得到很好的解决,因此将骨盆CT扫描数据进一步挖掘,利用3D打印技术制作导向器,引导磨锉方向。
目的:探讨3D打印辅助全髋关节置换个体化治疗成人发育性髋关节发育不良的临床疗效。
方法:纳入30例发育性髋关节发育不良患者,随机分成2组,每组15例。观察组通过 3D 打印技术制作3D骨盆模型以及手术导引向器,制定个体化的手术方案;对照组按照常规手术流程完成手术。比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、末次随访的髋关节Harris评分;对比髋臼假体置入外展角、垂直和水平距离与设计值的差异,评估髋臼假体置入的准确程度。
结果与结论:①术后两组髋臼假体外展角、末次随访Harris评分、水平距离差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05); ②观察组的手术时间、术中出血量少于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③两组垂直距离相比差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05),观察组设计偏差更小;④提示借助3D打印技术,术前通过观察个性化3D模型增强术者对发育性髋关节发育不良解剖变异的认识,术中运用其导向作用,可提高髋臼假体安放精准度,缩短手术时间,减少术中出血量。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9901-1724 (张念军)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 关节, 髋关节, 发育性, 发育不良, 3D打印, 关节置换, 导向器, 3D模型

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Total hip arthroplasty is the most effective method for the treatment of middle and late developmental dysplasia of the hip. The anatomical structure of developmental dysplasia of the hip patients is malformed, and acetabulum reconstruction is the difficulty of operation. At present, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is used to reconstruct the pelvis model and guide the preoperative planning, but the direction and depth of the file have not been well solved. Thus, we will further mine the CT scan data of pelvis, and make a guide device using 3D printing technology to guide the direction of the file.  
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effect of 3D-printing assisted individualized total hip arthroplasty for adult developmental dysplasia of the hip.
METHODS: Thirty patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip were included and randomly divided into two groups (n=15 per group). In the observation group, 3D pelvis model and operation guide plate were made through 3D printing technology to develop individual operation plan. In the control group, the operation was completed according to the routine operation process. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and Harris score of hip joint in the last follow-up were compared between the two groups, and the difference of abduction angle, vertical and horizontal distance with the design value was compared to evaluate the accuracy of acetabular prosthesis placement. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no significant difference in the abduction angle, Harris score during the last follow-up and horizontal distance between the two groups after surgery (P > 0.05). (2) The operation time and intraoperative blood loss of the observation group were significantly less than those of the control group (P < 0.05). (3) The vertical difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05), and the design deviation of the observation group was smaller. (4) It is indicated that with the help of 3D printing technology, preoperative observation of personalized 3D model was used to enhance the understanding of the anatomical variation of developmental dysplasia of the hip. During the operation, the guiding function of acetabular prosthesis was used to improve the accuracy of acetabular prosthesis placement, shorten the operation time and reduce the amount of intraoperative blood loss.


Key words: joint, hip joint, developmental, dysplasia, 3D printing, joint arthroplasty, guider, 3D model

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