中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (17): 2630-2635.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3190

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

有氧运动训练8周可改善肥胖介导大鼠肠系膜动脉平滑肌电压依赖性钾通道功能

李梓涵,印  文,孙  薇,朱  坤,沈  娣,刘雨佳   

  1. 江苏师范大学体育学院,江苏省徐州市   221116
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-21 修回日期:2020-04-24 接受日期:2020-05-27 出版日期:2021-06-18 发布日期:2021-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 刘雨佳,博士,讲师,江苏师范大学体育学院,江苏省徐州市 221116
  • 作者简介:李梓涵,女,1999年生,江苏省泗洪县人,汉族,在读本科生,主要从事运动对健康的干预研究。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省自然科学基金(BK20190999),项目负责人:刘雨佳;江苏省高校自然科学基金(18KJB180003),项目负责人:刘雨佳;江苏省大学生创新创业一般项目(201910320142Y),项目负责人:李梓涵

An 8-week aerobic exercise promotes the function of voltage-dependent potassium channel in mesenteric vascular smooth muscle from obese rats

Li Zihan, Yin Wen, Sun Wei, Zhu Kun, Shen Di, Liu Yujia   

  1. School of Physical Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2020-04-21 Revised:2020-04-24 Accepted:2020-05-27 Online:2021-06-18 Published:2021-01-07
  • Contact: Liu Yujia, MD, Lecturer, School of Physical Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Li Zihan, School of Physical Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, No. BK20190999 (to LYJ); the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Provincial Universities, No. 18KJB180003 (to LYJ); Jiangsu University Students' Innovation and Entrepreneurship General Project, No. 201910320142Y (to LZH)

摘要:

文题释义:
电压依赖性钾通道(voltage dependent potassium channels,Kv):由α亚基和β亚基组成,具有电压敏感性,可以受到去极化作用而激活,其通道开放引起K+外流,抑制细胞去极化,具有维持细胞静息电位和拮抗细胞兴奋性的作用。Kv1.2亚基和Kv1.5亚基在肠系膜动脉广泛表达,在调节血管舒张过程中发挥重要作用。4-氨基吡啶是Kv的特异性阻断剂。
大电导钙激活钾通道(large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel,BKCa):由α亚基和β亚基组成,α亚基构成了通道的孔道结构,β亚基调节通道门控特性,具有电压敏感性和Ca2+敏感性,由细胞去极化和Ca2+浓度激活,其通道开放可以引起K+外流,抑制细胞去极化,可调节血管平滑肌舒张。BKCa通道在血管平滑肌上表达丰富。北非蝎毒素是BKCa通道的特异性阻断剂。

背景:血管平滑肌细胞上的K+通道在调节血管舒张过程中起到重要作用。有氧运动作为减轻肥胖的非药理学方式可调节血管平滑肌K+通道,而有氧运动能否改善肥胖诱导的血管平滑肌K+通道的功能和表达尚未见研究。
目的:探究8周有氧运动训练对肥胖大鼠肠系膜动脉平滑肌K+通道的作用。
方法:选择8周龄雄性SD大鼠60只,20只普通饲料喂养,其余40只采用高脂喂养构建肥胖模型,筛选得到20只肥胖大鼠。肥胖大鼠和正常大鼠均随机分为正常安静组、正常运动组、肥胖安静组和肥胖运动组,每组10只。所有大鼠均进行1周动物跑台适应性训练后,正常运动组和肥胖运动组大鼠进行8周跑台有氧运动训练,训练方案为:0°,20 m/min,60 min/d,5 d/周。在最后一次运动48 h后,采集静脉血检测大鼠血脂和血糖水平;取肠系膜动脉,一部分制成4 mm左右血管环,连于张力换能器,检验血管张力及对电压依赖性钾通道特异性阻断剂4-氨基吡啶和大电导钙激活钾通道特异性阻断剂北非蝎毒素的反应性,另一部分采用Western blot方法测定Kv1.2、Kv1.5、BKCa α亚基和BKCa β1亚基的蛋白表达水平。
结果与结论:①肥胖运动组体质量、心脏质量、空腹血糖、三酰甘油和低密度脂蛋白水平较肥胖安静组非常显著降低(P < 0.01);②各组大鼠肠系膜动脉对KCl的反应性差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③正常运动组在4-氨基吡啶刺激后张力显著高于正常安静组(P < 0.05);肥胖安静组与正常安静组相比张力幅值显著降低(P < 0.05);而肥胖运动组对4-氨基吡啶的反应性显著高于肥胖安静组(P < 0.05);④正常运动组对北非蝎毒素的反应性显著高于正常安静组(P < 0.05),但是肥胖安静组与正常安静组差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑤肥胖安静组Kv1.2蛋白表达显著低于正常安静组(P < 0.05),而肥胖运动组Kv1.2蛋白表达较肥胖安静组显著增加(P < 0.05);正常运动组BKCa β1蛋白表达显著高于正常安静组(P < 0.05);各组间Kv1.5和BKCa α蛋白表达差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑥结果表明,肥胖引起肠系膜动脉对电压依赖性钾通道作用减弱,其机制是Kv1.2蛋白表达下降,而8周有氧运动可逆转肠系膜动脉平滑肌Kv1.2蛋白降低,起到改善电压依赖性钾通道功能的作用。

关键词: 肥胖, 钾通道, 电压依赖性, 大电导钙激活, 有氧运动, 大鼠, 实验

Abstract: BACKGROUND: K+ channels in vascular smooth muscle cells play an important role in regulating vasodilation. Aerobic exercise that acts as a non-pharmacological way for weight loss can regulate vascular smooth muscle K+ channels. Whether aerobic exercise can improve the function and expression of obesity-induced vascular smooth muscle K+ channels has not been elucidated.   
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of 8-week aerobic exercise on the K+ channel of mesenteric vascular smooth muscle in obese rats. 
METHODS: Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks old, male) were used in this study, 20 of which were fed with normal feed, and the other 40 were fed with high fat diet to induce obesity. Twenty obese rats were then obtained. Obese rats were randomized into an obese control group and an obese exercise group; normal rats were randomized into a normal control group and a normal exercise group, with 10 rats in each group. After all rats were adaptively trained for 1 week on the running platform, and those in the normal exercise and obese exercise group were then trained for another 8 weeks. The training plan was: 0°, 20 m/min, 60 min/d, 5 days a week. All rats were anesthetized and sacrificed 48 hours after the last exercise, and venous blood samples were extracted to measure blood sugar and blood lipid levels. Mesenteric artery was taken, a part of which was made into a vascular ring of about 4 mm that was connected to a tension transducer to test the vascular tension and reactivity of the vessel to the voltage-dependent potassium channel (Kv) specific blocker 4-aminopyridine and large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (BKCa) specific blocker charybdotoxin, and the other part of which was used to test the levels of Kv1.2, Kv1.5, BKCa α subunit and BKCa β1 subunit by western blot. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:  (1) Body mass, heart weight, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol in the obese exercise group were significantly lower than those in the obese control group (P < 0.01). (2) There was no significant difference in the reactivity of rat mesenteric arteries to KCl (P > 0.05). (3) The tension of the normal exercise group after 4-aminopyridine stimulation was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (P < 0.05); the tension of the obese exercise group after 4-aminopyridine stimulation was significantly higher than that of the obese control group (P < 0.05). (4) The reactivity of the normal exercise group to charybdotoxin was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the obese control group and normal control group (P > 0.05). (5) The protein expression of Kv1.2 in the obese control group was significantly lower than that in the normal control group (P < 0.05), while the protein expression in the obese exercise group was significantly higher than that in the obese control group (P < 0.05). The protein expression of BKCa β1 in the normal exercise group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the protein expressions of Kv1.5 and BKCa α among groups (P > 0.05). To conclude, obesity can decrease the function of Kv in mesenteric arteries, based on the mechanism underlying the reduction in the protein expression of Kv1.2, whereas the 8-week aerobic exercise reverses the reduction in Kv1.2 caused by obesity and promotes the function of Kv in mesenteric arteries. 

Key words: obesity, potassium channels, voltage-dependent, large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel, aerobic exercise, rat, experiment 

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