中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (17): 2775-2781.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2598

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

tau蛋白与阿尔茨海默病

王金春1,刘慧影1,曹云鹏2   

  1. 1沈阳市第五人民医院神经内科,辽宁省沈阳市  1100232中国医科大学附属第一医院神经内科,辽宁省沈阳市  110001
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-07 修回日期:2019-03-15 接受日期:2019-05-08 出版日期:2020-06-18 发布日期:2020-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 曹云鹏,教授,博士生导师,中国医科大学附属第一医院神经内科,辽宁省沈阳市 110001
  • 作者简介:王金春,女,1971年生,河北省新城县人,汉族,2018年中国医科大学毕业,博士,教授,主任医师,主要从事痴呆和认知障碍方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81371227)

tau protein and Alzheimer’s disease

Wang Jinchun1, Liu Huiying1, Cao Yunpeng2   

  1. 1Department of Neurology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110023, Liaoning Province, China; 2Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2019-03-07 Revised:2019-03-15 Accepted:2019-05-08 Online:2020-06-18 Published:2020-03-30
  • Contact: Cao Yunpeng, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Wang Jinchun, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Department of Neurology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110023, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81371227

摘要:

文题释义:

神经元纤维缠结:是指阿尔茨海默病患者大脑皮质细胞的一种病理变化,主要在神经元胞体中产生,由细胞内的成对螺旋细丝构成,有些可以扩展到近端树突干,含有过度磷酸化的tau蛋白。

人tau基因:位于17号染色体。在成人的大脑中存在6种tau异构体,均为伴有或不伴有外显子2,3和10信使mRNA替代拼接的结果。外显子10包含微管结合区,外显子10的插入可提供4个重复tau等异构体,而3个重复tau异构体则不需要外显子10参与。

背景:神经元纤维缠结的沉积与阿尔茨海默病中的认知衰退密切相关,而tau蛋白是构成的重要成分。

目的:探讨阿尔茨海默病的可能发病机制以及tau蛋白过度磷酸化在阿尔茨海默病进程中的作用。

方法:由第一作者以“阿尔茨海默病;tau蛋白;β-淀粉蛋白级联;Alzheimer’s disease;tau protein;β-amyloid cascade”为检索词,检索万方、中国知网、Vip、PubMed、Embase 等中英文数据库2001年1月至2019年1月发表的相关文献。

结果与结论:tau 蛋白过度磷酸化并形成成对螺旋丝被认为是阿尔茨海默病神经元退化基础。tau蛋白在阿尔茨海默病的发病进程中可能不依赖于β-淀粉样蛋白沉积触发的级联反应,且在临床试验中也验证了tau蛋白相关疫苗免疫产生了疗效。探索tau蛋白和β-淀粉样蛋白以及阿尔茨海默病关系,可更好理解阿尔茨海默病的发病机制,为研发阿尔茨海默病治疗药物提供理论依据。

ORCID: 0000-0002-5933-2590(曹云鹏)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

关键词: 阿尔茨海默病, β淀粉样蛋白, tau蛋白, 磷酸化, 神经元纤维缠结, Aβ级联反应, 认知障碍, 免疫疗法

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Deposition of neurofibrillary tangles is closely related to cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease, and tau protein is an important component.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease and the role of tau protein hyperphosphorylation in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.

METHODS: The first author searched for relevant articles published from January 2001 to January 2019 in WanFang, CNKI, Vip, PubMed, and Embase with the key words of “Alzheimer’s disease; tau protein; β-amyloid cascade.”

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hyperphosphorylation of tau protein and formation of paired helix filaments are considered to be the basis of neuronal degradation in Alzheimer’s disease. tau protein may not depend on the cascade response triggered by β-amyloid deposition in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, and tau protein-associated vaccine immunity has been verified to produce a curative effect in clinical trials. Further exploration on the relationship between tau protein, β-amyloid protein and Alzheimer’s disease is necessary to better understand the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, and provide a theoretical basis for the development of therapeutic drugs for Alzheimer’s disease.

Key words:

Alzheimer’s disease, β-amyloid, tau protein, phosphorylation, neurofibrilary tangles, Aβ cascade, cognitive impairment, immunotherapy

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