中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 390-394.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2413

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

骨小梁结构髋臼杯和实体结构髋臼杯的三维模型仿真分析

王  晖1,张亚洲2,时莉芳2   

  1. 1冀中能源峰峰集团总医院邯郸院区,河北省邯郸市  056002;2河北省人民医院,河北省石家庄市  050051
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-26 修回日期:2019-04-03 接受日期:2019-05-23 出版日期:2020-01-28 发布日期:2019-12-26
  • 通讯作者: 王晖,冀中能源峰峰集团总医院邯郸院区,河北省邯郸市 056002
  • 作者简介:王晖,男,汉族,主任医师,教授,主要从事运动外科疾病、骨关节外科疾病的诊断与治疗方面的研究。

Three-dimensional model analysis of trabecular acetabular cup and solid acetabular cup 

Wang Hui1, Zhang Yazhou2, Shi Lifang2   

  1. 1Handan Branch of General Hospital of Jizhong Energy Fengfeng Group, Handan 056002, Hebei Province, China; 2Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2019-03-26 Revised:2019-04-03 Accepted:2019-05-23 Online:2020-01-28 Published:2019-12-26
  • Contact: Wang Hui, Handan Branch of General Hospital of Jizhong Energy Fengfeng Group, Handan 056002, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Wang Hui, Chief physician, Professor, Handan Branch of General Hospital of Jizhong Energy Fengfeng Group, Handan 056002, Hebei Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
骨小梁结构:骨组织包括皮质骨和松质骨,松质骨由一系列小梁骨组成。骨小梁在人体内分布广,呈疏松多孔的网状结构,骨的这种结构使得骨能够承受来自各个方向的载荷,并将载荷分散化,减少集中载荷对骨的不良影响。
有限元分析:有限元分析是一种数值分析方法,它的根本思想是离散化。即利用简单而又相互作用的元素(即单元),就可以用有限数量的未知量去逼近无限未知量的真实系统。有限元数值模拟技术是提升产品质量、缩短设计周期、提高产品竞争力的一项有效手段,所以,随着计算机技术和计算方法的发展,有限元法在工程设计和科研领域得到了越来越广泛的重视和应用,已经成为解决复杂工程分析计算问题的有效途径。


背景:髋关节置换是治疗股骨头坏死、骨性关节炎、髋关节发育不良以及老年股骨颈骨折等髋关节疾病最有效的方法,因此有必要对髋关节置换的生物力学行为展开研究。

目的:采用有限元仿真的方法模拟髋关节置换后骨小梁结构髋臼杯和实体结构髋臼杯模型的接触应力和米氏应力大小和分布情况,分析其对假体及髋关节的影响。

方法:通过3-Matic Research 11.0软件设计了2种不同结构的髋关节假体组件模型:骨小梁结构髋臼杯和实体结构髋臼杯模型。并将设计好的模型经Hypermesh 14.0软件划分网格并赋予材料属性,最后导入有限元分析软件Abaqus 6.13软件中仿真分析,比较相同状态下2种髋臼杯的应力值和应力分布情况。

结果与结论:骨小梁结构髋臼杯的应力呈散点状分布,分布范围广。实体结构髋臼杯容易出现应力集中现象,应力分布集中在受力点附近。骨小梁结构髋臼杯相对于实体结构髋臼杯而言,应力分布范围更大,应力分布更均匀,从而可以减轻髋关节假体之间的磨损,降低髋关节假体发生无菌性松动的风险。


ORCID: 0000-0003-4612-6111(王晖)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨小梁, 髋臼杯, 髋关节, 有限元, 接触应力, 米氏应力, 应力分布, 磨损

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Hip arthroplasty is most effective method to treat hip diseases such as femoral head necrosis, osteoarthritis, hip dysplasia and femoral neck fracture in the elderly. Therefore, it is necessary to study the biomechanical behaviors of hip arthroplasty.

OBJECTIVE: To simulate the contact stress and Von Mise stress values and distributions of trabecular acetabular cup and solid acetabular cup by finite element analysis method, and to predict its effects on prosthesis and hip joint.

METHODS: Two hip joint component models with different structures, trabecular acetabular cup and solid acetabular cup were designed in 3-Matic Research 11.0 software. The well-designed models were imported to Hypermesh 14.0 software to divide meshes and assign material properties. Finite element analysis software Abaqus 6.13 was used to simulate the stress values and distributions of both models.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that the stress of the trabecular acetabular cup was scattered and distributed widely. The solid acetabular cup is prone to stress concentration, and the stress distribution is concentrated near the point of stress. Compared with the solid acetabular cup and the trabecular acetabular cup, the latter has larger contact area of stress distribution and more uniform stress distribution, which can reduce the wear between hip prostheses and the risk of aseptic loosening of hip prostheses.

Key words: trabecular, acetabular cup, hip joint, finite element, contact stress, Mise stress, stress distribution, wear

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