中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (36): 5898-5904.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.36.027

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    

环状RNA研究的新进展

程涵蓉1,2,3,何少茹2,3,吴本清1   

  1. 1深圳市人民医院儿科,暨南大学第二临床医学院,广东省深圳市  518020;2广东省人民医院儿科(广东省医学科学院),广东省广州市  510080;3南方医科大学,广东省广州市  510515
  • 收稿日期:2017-07-09 出版日期:2017-12-28 发布日期:2018-01-04
  • 通讯作者: 吴本清,博士,主任医师,深圳市人民医院儿科,暨南大学第二临床医学院,广东省深圳市 518020
  • 作者简介:程涵蓉,1977年生,广东省澄海县人,汉族,南方医科大学在读博士,副主任医师。
  • 基金资助:

    深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20140416122812046),项目名称:miRNA和lincRNA在支气管肺发育不良发病机制中的作用

Research advances in circular RNAs

Cheng Han-rong1, 2, 3, He Shao-ru2, 3, Wu Ben-qing1   

  1. 1Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China; 3Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2017-07-09 Online:2017-12-28 Published:2018-01-04
  • Contact: Wu Ben-qing, M.D., Chief physician, Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Cheng Han-rong, Studying for doctorate, Associate chief physician, Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China; Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Scientific and Technological Program of Shenzhen, No. JCYJ20140416122812046

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
CircRNA:最近发现的一种特殊的新型内源非编码RNA,circRNA形成没有5’-3’极性也没有聚腺苷酸尾的共价闭合环结构。随着RNA深度测序技术和生物信息学的发展,证明大量的circRNAs在哺乳动物细胞是内源、丰富、保守和稳定的。已经证实,反向互补序列,包括反向重复的Alu配对(IRAlus)和外显子跳跃是circRNA形成的必要条件。此外,RNA结合蛋白也调节circRNA的形成。
CircRNA与疾病:circRNAs可能在疾病的发生和发展中起重要作用,可能成为新的生物标志物。miRNA参与几乎所有方面的细胞功能,并在疾病的发生和进展中起关键作用。鉴于circRNA与miRNA相互作用以调节其靶基因,circRNA可能参与与miRNA相关的疾病。
摘要
背景:
环状RNA(circRNA)是一种新型的RNA,与线性RNA不同,它形成共价闭合的连续环,并且在真核转录组中高度表达。它的生物学功能被忽视多年。最近的研究已经在哺乳动物细胞中发现了数千种内源性circRNA。
目的:综述circRNA的形成、性质、功能,以及在疾病中的潜在意义。
方法:第一作者应用计算机检索2000年1月至2016年12月PubMed数据库、中国期刊全文数据库关于circRNA的文章,英文检索词“CircRNA,miRNA,function,mechanision”;中文检索词“CircRNA,microRNA,功能,机制”。对纳入的62 篇文献进行分析讨论。
结果与结论:①CircRNA主要从外显子或内含子序列产生,并且反向互补序列或RNA结合蛋白是circRNA生物发生所必需的;②大多数circRNAs是跨物种保守,对核糖核酸R稳定的和耐,并经常表现出组织/发育阶段特异性表达;③最近的研究表明,circRNAs可以作为微小RNA(miRNA)海绵体,剪接和转录的调节器和亲代基因表达的修饰;④新的证据表明circRNAs可能在动脉粥样硬化血管疾病,神经系统疾病,朊病毒疾病和癌症中发挥重要作用;在结肠直肠癌中异常表达;并用作一些疾病的诊断或预测性生物标志物;⑤类似于miRNA和长非编码RNA,circRNAs成为RNA领域的新研究热点,可以广泛参与生命过程。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-5625-6828(程涵蓉)

关键词: 组织构建, 组织工程, CircRNA, miRNA, 外显子, 内含子, 功能, 机制

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Unlike linear RNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel type of RNA which can form covalently closed circles and are highly expressed in eukaryotic transcriptomes. In the plenitude of naturally occurring RNAs, circRNAs and their biological role are underestimated for years. Recent studies have discovered thousands of endogenous circRNAs in mammalian cells.
OBJECTIVE: To review the formation, properties, and functions of circRNAs, and their potential signi?cance in diseases.
METHODS: A computer-based search for literature in CNKI and PubMed databases published from January 2000 to December 2016 was performed using the keywords of “circRNA, miRNA, function, mechanism” in English and Chinese, respectively. Finally, 62 eligible articles were included for analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: CircRNAs are largely generated from exonic or intronic sequences, and reverse complementary sequences or RNA-binding proteins are necessary for circRNA biogenesis. A majority of circRNAs that are conserved across specie are stable and resistant to RNaseR, and often exhibit tissue/developmental-stage-speci?c expression. Recent research has revealed that circRNAs can function as microRNA sponges, regulators of splicing and transcription, and modi?ers of parental gene expression. Emerging evidence indicates that circRNAs might play important roles in atherosclerotic vascular diseases, neurological disorders, prion diseases and cancer; exhibit aberrant expression in colorectal cancer; and serve as diagnostic or predictive biomarkers of some diseases. Similar to microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, circRNAs are arousing general interest in the field of RNA and widely participate in the life process.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: MicroRNAs, Exons, Introns, Tissue Engineering

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