中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (33): 5313-5319.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.33.011

• 肿瘤干细胞 cancer stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

基底样型乳腺癌肿瘤干/祖细胞的长时程无血清培养

董华英1,王 伟1,陈元文2,包俊杰2,陈 鑫2,吴诚义2   

  1. 1海南省人民医院乳腺外科,海南省海口市 570311;2重庆医科大学附属第一医院内分泌乳腺外科,重庆市 400016
  • 修回日期:2017-09-13 出版日期:2017-11-28 发布日期:2017-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 吴诚义,教授,博士生导师,重庆医科大学附属第一医院内分泌乳腺外科,重庆市 400016
  • 作者简介:董华英,男,1977年生,河北省邢台市人,汉族,2011年重庆医科大学毕业,博士,副主任医师,主要从事乳腺疾病的基础与临床研究。
  • 基金资助:

    海南省卫生计生科教项目(02A2150014P1)

Long-term serum-free culture of cancer stem/progenitor cells from basal-like breast carcinoma

Dong Hua-ying1, Wang Wei1, Chen Yuan-wen2, Bao Jun-jie2, Chen Xin2, Wu Cheng-yi2   

  1. 1Department of Breast Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China; 2Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
  • Revised:2017-09-13 Online:2017-11-28 Published:2017-12-01
  • Contact: Wu Cheng-yi, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
  • About author:Dong Hua-ying, M.D., Associate chief physician, Department of Breast Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Health Education and Family Planning Program of Hainan Province, No. 02A2150014P1

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义: 
乳腺癌干细胞:是第一个被发现的实体肿瘤干细胞,其引发了肿瘤干细胞的研究热潮。随后,人们发现脑部肿瘤、胃癌、结肠癌、胰腺癌、肺癌、前列腺癌、黑色素瘤和多发骨髓瘤等多种肿瘤中均存在肿瘤干细胞。目前乳腺癌最常用的标记物为CD44+CD24-和ALDH1+,但乳腺癌是一组高度异质性的疾病,各亚型乳腺癌可能起源于不同类型的肿瘤干细胞,亟待发现新的标记物筛选各种亚型乳腺癌干细胞进行分类研究。
无血清培养基:是指不需要添加血清即可维持细胞在体外较长时间生长繁殖的合成培养基,一般是由基础培养基和替代血清的补充因子组成。借助神经干细胞的培养方法,无血清培养基被用来培养乳腺癌干细胞。

 

摘要
背景:乳腺癌干细胞是乳腺癌细胞中的亚群,具有类似干细胞的自我更新和多系分化潜能,具有放化疗和缺氧抵抗性、高致瘤性和高侵袭转移性等特征,在乳腺癌的发生发展以及复发转移中发挥重要作用。乳腺癌干细胞学说在一定程度上阐明了乳腺癌的发病机制,在治疗方案选择、新的治疗靶点的发现和乳腺癌预后的判断等方面有很大的应用价值。
目的:从基底样型乳腺癌组织中分离培养肿瘤干/祖细胞,并通过无血清悬浮技术长时程培养,研究其自我更新能力、分化潜能和细胞表型等生物学特性。
方法:20例基底样型乳腺癌患者,其中10例患者未经过任何治疗,另外10例患者术前均行新辅助化疗(≥4周期),术前于肿瘤边缘切取1 cm3新鲜肿瘤组织,立即送实验室,经机械分离后获取肿瘤细胞。应用无血清悬浮培养技术富集乳腺癌干/祖细胞微球体后,通过单克隆实验检测乳腺癌干/祖细胞微球体细胞的克隆形成和自我更新能力,在添加血清的培养液中诱导乳腺癌干/祖细胞微球体细胞分化,观察其分化能力。通过流式细胞术检测CD44+/CD24-和ALDH1+表型细胞的比例。
结果与结论:①在含生长因子的无血清培养基中,未行新辅助化疗的基底样型乳腺癌细胞均可生成乳腺癌干/祖细胞微球体,而大部分新辅助化疗后的乳腺癌组织中可直接分离获得微球体样的细胞团;②乳腺癌干/祖细胞微球体细胞可连续传代形成新生的乳腺癌干/祖细胞微球体,随着培养传代次数的增加,贴壁细胞逐渐增多,新产生的乳腺癌干/祖细胞微球体数量逐渐减少,球体直径变小,且乳腺癌干/祖细胞微球体也更加容易贴壁。乳腺癌干/祖细胞微球体细胞在添加血清的培养基中培养可贴壁分化;③乳腺癌干/祖细胞微球体中富集了CD44+/CD24-和ALDH1+表型细胞,诱导分化后两种表型细胞的含量大幅下降或缺失;④大部分化疗后的乳腺癌干/祖细胞微球体细胞具有更强的自我更新和分化潜能,含有更高比例的CD44+/CD24-和ALDH1+表型细胞;⑤结果表明,基底样型乳腺癌组织中存在具有自我更新和多向分化等干/祖细胞样特性的肿瘤细胞,新辅助化疗可富集乳腺癌干/祖细胞形成微球体样细胞团。不同标本来源的乳腺癌干/祖细胞生物学行为存在一定差异,其可随环境因素的作用而变化。

 

关键词: 干细胞, 肿瘤干细胞, 乳腺癌, 分子分型, 新辅助化疗, 肿瘤干细胞, 细胞培养

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer stem cells, a subgroup of breast cancer cells, have self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential and are characterized as resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hypoxia, and high propensity for invasiveness and metastasis, which play an important role in the recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer. The breast cancer stem cell theory can elucidate the pathogenesis of breast cancer to a certain extent, and has great values in the selection of treatment options, the discovery of new therapeutic targets and the prognosis of breast cancer.
OBJECTIVE: To isolate the breast cancer stem/progenitor cells from basal-like breast carcinoma and study their self-renewal ability, phenotype and differentiation potential over long-term serum-free suspension culture in vitro
METHODS: Twenty patients with basal-like breast cancer, including 10 patients without any treatment and 10 with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (≥ 4 cycles), were enrolled. A 1 cm3 fresh tumor tissue sample from each patient was taken and immediately sent to the laboratory to mechanically isolate tumor cells. Then, the stem/progenitor cells of basal-like breast carcinoma were enriched in ultra low attachment plates in serum free media as nonadherent mammospheres. Serial sphere formation assay was performed to determine colony formation and self-renewal ability of mammosphere-derived cells. Differentiation was induced by culturing mammosphere-derived cells in DMEM-F12 supplemented with serum but without growth factors. The proportion of CD44+/CD24- and ALDH1+ cell population was evaluated by flow cytometry. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mammospheres formed after inoculation of primary basal-like breast cancer cells isolated from the tumor tissues of breast cancer patients who did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy cultured in the serum-free medium with growth factors, while the mammospheres could be directly isolated from the tumor specimens of patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The mammosphere-derived cells could be passaged continuously to form new mammospheres. With the increase of subculture frequency, the number of adherent cells was increased, but the number of new mammospheres decreased, and the spheres became smaller and easier to adhere. The mammosphere-derived cells could be induced to differentiate in the medium supplemented with serum. The CD44+/CD24- and ALDH1+ cells were enriched in mammosphere-derived cells, and these two phenotypic cells were decreased sharply in number or absent after cell differentiation. Most of the mammosphere-derived cells after chemotherapy had stronger potentials of self-renewal and differentiation, with higher proportion of CD44+/CD24- and ALDH1+ cells. In summary, cancer cells with self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potentials exist in the basal-like breast cancer tissues. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can enrich breast cancer stem/progenitor cells to form spheroid-like cell clusters. Some differences in biological behaviors exist between the stem/progenitor cells from different breast cancer samples, which can vary with environmental factors.

 

Key words: Breast Neoplasms, Neoplastic Stem Cells, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Tissue Engineering

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