中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (29): 4742-4747.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.29.025

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

放射性肠损伤后小肠干细胞再生的研究与进展

赵 鑫,李向阳,嵇 武   

  1. 南京大学医学院附属金陵医院/解放军南京军区南京总医院全军普通外科研究所,江苏省南京市  210002
  • 修回日期:2017-05-17 出版日期:2017-10-18 发布日期:2017-11-08
  • 通讯作者: 嵇武,博士,教授,主任医师,南京大学医学院附属金陵医院/解放军南京军区南京总医院全军普通外科研究所,江苏省南京市 210002
  • 作者简介:赵鑫,男,1990年生,江苏省盐城市人,南京大学医学院在读博士,主要从事肠粘膜屏障和小肠干细胞基础研究。
  • 基金资助:

    南京军区医药卫生科研基金(15DX018)

Replenishment of intestinal stem cells during the repair of radiation-induced intestinal injury

Zhao Xin, Li Xiang-yang, Ji Wu   

  1. Research Institute of General Surgery of PLA, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Revised:2017-05-17 Online:2017-10-18 Published:2017-11-08
  • Contact: Ji Wu, M.D., Professor, Chief physician, Research Institute of General Surgery of PLA, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Zhao Xin, Studying for doctorate, Research Institute of General Surgery of PLA, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Medical Science Research Funds of Nanjing Military Command, No. 15DX01

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
小肠干细胞:
位于隐窝的基底部,通常情况下,小肠干细胞在原位通过自我复制、更新,维持一定的常备小肠干细胞数量。此外,大部分小肠干细胞随机产生过渡扩增细胞,过渡扩增细胞经历4-6次快速分裂后,跨越隐窝-绒毛界限向上迁移并逐渐分化为成熟的上皮细胞。
小肠上皮隐窝内存在的小肠干细胞:有两种类型,隐窝基底部的柱状细胞和+4位(从隐窝底部算起的第四个细胞位置,位于潘氏细胞之上)的标记滞留细胞,柱状细胞是镶嵌在潘氏细胞之间的快速分裂细胞,标记滞留细胞是在潘氏细胞之上存在DNA标记滞留现象的细胞。

 

摘要
背景:
放射性肠损伤造成小肠干细胞数量急剧减少和功能减退,导致损伤后的肠上皮修复非常困难,促进小肠干细胞数量和功能的恢复是当前治疗放射性肠损伤、修复受损肠上皮的研究热点。
目的:综述放射性肠损伤后小肠干细胞补充来源及调控机制的最新研究进展。
方法:分别以“小肠干细胞,放射性肠损伤;intestinal stem cell,radiation-induced intestinal injury”为检索词,由第一作者检索2010年1月至2016年6月中国期刊全文数据库、PubMed数据库及万方数据库相关文章,进行归纳总结。
结果与结论:小肠干细胞的命运受多种信号通路的调控,研究比较明确的有Wnt/β-catenin、BMP、Notch和EGF信号通路。早期分泌型祖细胞在正常稳态下增殖缓慢,对放射性损伤不敏感,并且在一定条件下可重新逆转分化成为小肠干细胞,是“储备干细胞”的良好来源,而巢在早期分泌型祖细胞逆转分化为小肠干细胞的过程中发挥着重要作用。探究上述逆转分化过程的具体调控机制对于深入理解放射性肠损伤后肠上皮的修复过程,从而确立主动调控肠损伤修复的理念具有重要科学意义。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
ORCID:
0000-0002-6423-1321(嵇武)

关键词: 干细胞, 小肠干细胞, 放射性肠损伤, 早期分泌型祖细胞, 巢, 逆转, 潘氏细胞, 3型固有淋巴细胞

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Radiation-induced intestinal injury causes a sharp reduction in the number of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and their dysfunction. This brings great challenges in the repair of injured intestinal epithelium. Prompting restoration of the number and function of ISCs is a highlight of current research in the treatment of radiation-induced intestinal injury as well as in the repair of injured intestinal epithelium.
OBJECTIVE: To review the latest progress in the pathway and mechanism of ISCs replenishment after radiation-induced intestinal injury.
METHODS: The first author searched the CNKI, Wanfang and PubMed databases using the keywords of “intestinal stem cell, radiation-induced intestinal injury” in Chinese and English, respectively, to retrieve relevant articles published from January 2010 to June 2016. Then we generalized and summarized the results of these articles.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The fate of ISCs is regulated by various signal pathways, mainly including Wnt/β-catenin, BMP, Notch and EGF pathways. Early secretory progenitors (ESPs) are relatively quiescent during homeostasis, and insensitive to radiation injury; moreover, the ESPs can convert to ISCs under certain conditions. So, they are desired source of “reserve stem cells”. Stem cell niche plays an important role in reverse differentiation from ESPs to ISCs, but the exact regulatory mechanism remains largely unknown. Investigation on the above mechanism is of important scientific significance for deeply understanding the restoration process after radiation-induced intestinal injury and thus actively regulating intestinal injury repair.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

Key words: Stem Cells, Radioactivity, Intestine, Small, Tissue Engineering

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