中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (27): 4312-4317.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.27.009

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

经皮微创单向实心椎弓根钉内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折

叶 彬,陈令斌,陈 伟,杨国义,陈超斌,周丽丽   

  1. 武汉市普仁医院骨一科,湖北省武汉市 430081
  • 出版日期:2017-09-28 发布日期:2017-10-24
  • 作者简介:叶彬,男,1979年生,湖北省黄梅县人,汉族,2009年遵义医学院毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱外科的研究。

Treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation  

Ye Bin, Chen Ling-bin, Chen Wei, Yang Guo-yi, Chen Chao-bin, Zhou Li-li   

  1. First Department of Orthopedics, Puren Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China
  • Online:2017-09-28 Published:2017-10-24
  • About author:Ye Bin, Master, Attending physician, First Department of Orthopedics, Puren Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

 

文题释义:
脊柱微创手术:是指经非传统手术途径,并借助医学影像、显微内窥镜等特殊手术器械和仪器对脊柱疾患进行诊断和治疗的微创技术和方法,其目的是将医源性创伤减小到最低程度,同时获得满意的疗效。微创脊柱外科技术主要包括两大类:经皮穿刺技术和内窥镜辅助下的手术技术。
经皮微创椎弓根钉置钉内固定:适用于不需要行胸腰椎椎管开放减压的且不伴有较重程度骨质疏松性各种类型胸腰椎骨折患者,如各种程度的胸腰椎压缩骨折、胸腰椎爆裂骨折但无重度骨折块椎管占位及神经脊髓损伤患者。在影像器械透视下定位经皮椎弓根途径椎体穿刺小切口置入椎弓根钉,安放内固定装置复位固定。
 
摘要
背景:传统开放手术方式治疗脊柱胸腰段骨折会对患者造成较大创伤,有加速脊柱局部退变可能。新的微创手术方式减小了患者创伤,患者能得到更好的恢复,对传统手术提出挑战。
目的:探讨经皮微创单向固定实心椎弓根钉植入内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折的操作要点和注意事项。
方法:选择行经皮微创单向实心椎弓根钉内固定治疗单一胸腰椎骨折不伴有脊髓损伤患者27例,其中24例患者骨折椎体高度恢复良好,另3例通过适度加大椎弓根钉链接棒弧度辅助抗扭矩套筒套于椎弓根钉尾冒以后柱为支点张开脊柱前柱得到良好复位。观察手术时间、术中出血量,内固定前1 d轴向翻身目测类比评分、内固定后第1天术区目测类比评分、内固定后第3天术区及轴向翻身目测类比评分。

结果与结论:①27例患者108个椎体均在靶点细针参照法引导下经椎弓根途径穿刺置钉,穿刺顺利,98个椎体一次性穿刺成功,余10个椎体二次调整进针点穿刺置钉成功;②内固定后第3天轴向翻身目测类比评分显著低于内固定前1天(P < 0.001);内固定后第3天术区目测类比评分显著低于内固定后第1天(P < 0.001);③手术时间及经皮单向实心椎弓根钉内固定手术时间平均(109±18) min;术中出血平均(60±16) mL;④术后无神经根损害并发症发生;⑤结果说明,经皮单向实心椎弓根植入固定治疗不伴有脊髓损伤及椎间盘严重受损的单一胸腰椎骨折的微创手术方式有效且安全;靶点细针参照引导穿刺技术作为简单易行的方法能够显著降低经椎弓根途径的穿刺难度,具有极高的一次性穿刺成功率。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-0256-6684(叶彬)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 胸腰椎骨折, 单向实心椎弓根螺钉, 经皮

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Traditional open surgery will do great damage to the patients with thoracolumbar fractures, and easily induces local degeneration. In contrast, the novel method is minimally invasive, which contributes to the functional recovery of the spine.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the essential procedures and precautions in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation.
METHODS: Twenty-seven cases of single-level thoracolumbar fractures without spinal neurological deficits treated with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation were selected. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were observed. The Visual Analogue Scale scores during axial turning at baseline and 3 days postoperatively, and the Visual Analogue Scale scores of the operation region at 1 and 3 days postoperatively were detected, respectively. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Twenty-seven patients with 108 vertebrae underwent percutaneous pedicle screw fixation under the guidance of the needle, the puncture was smooth, 98 vertebrae was punctured successfully once, and 10 vertebrae were punctured successfully twice. (2) The Visual Analogue Scale scores during axial turning at 3 days postoperatively were significantly lower than those at baseline, and the scores of the operation region at 3 days postoperatively were significantly lower than those at 1 day postoperatively (P < 0.001). (3) The mean operation time was (109±18) minutes, and the mean intraoperative blood loss was (60±16) mL. (4) There were no nerve root injury and other complications. (5) Our results indicate that percutaneou pedicle screw fixation is a minimally invasive and safe method to treat the patients suffering single-level thoracolumbar fractures without spinal neurological deficits.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Thoracic Vertebrae, Lumbar Vertebrae, Internal Fixators, Bone Nails, Tissue Engineering

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